Geethanjali College of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous)
Cheeryal (V), Keesara (M), Medchal Dist., Telengana-501301
20PH11003 - APPLIED PHYSICS
B.Tech. CSE - I Year, I Sem. L T P C
3 - - 3
Prerequisite(s): None
Course objectives: Develop ability to
1. Understand the fundamental concepts of quantum behavior of matter in its micro state and
experimental evidence to dual nature of matter, and physical significance and application of
wave function.
2. Impart the knowledge of the formation of energy bands in solids, effective mass of an
electron and classification of solids
3. Understand the characteristics of intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, and applications of
Hall Effect.
4. Understand the basic principles, construction, working and applications of various lasers and
optical fibers, and causes for attenuation in optical fibers.
5. Understand different types of dielectric polarization mechanisms, properties and applications
of different dielectric and magnetic materials.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, student would be able to
CO1. Explain fundamental concepts of quantum behavior of matter in its micro state and
experimental evidence to dual nature of matter, physical significance and applications of
wave function. BTL 2,3.
CO2. Discuss the formation of energy bands in solids, effective mass of an electron and
classification of solids.
CO3. Explain characteristics of intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, and applications of Hall
effect. BTL 2,3.
CO4. Explain the basic principles, construction, working and applications of various lasers and
optical fibers, and causes for attenuation in optical fibers. BTL 2,3.
CO5. Explain different types of dielectric polarization mechanisms, properties and applications
of different dielectric and magnetic materials. BTL 2,3.
UNIT-I: Quantum Mechanics (10 Hrs)
Introduction to quantum physics, Black body radiation, Planck’s law (qualitative), Photoelectric
effect, de-Broglie’s hypothesis, Wave-particle duality, Davisson and Germer experiment,
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, Born’s interpretation of the wave function, Schrodinger’s
time independent wave equation, Particle in one dimensional box.
UNIT-II: Band Theory of Solids (8 Hrs)
Electrons in a periodic potential-Bloch theorem, Kronig-Penney Model (qualitative treatment),
Brillouin Zones(E-k curve),origin of energy band formation in solids, concept of effective mass
of an electron, classification of materials into conductors, semiconductors and insulators.
UNIT-III: Semiconductors(10Hrs)
Classification of semiconductors: n-type, p-type, carrier concentration in intrinsic andextrinsic
semiconductors,Fermi level in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, variation of Fermi level
with temperature and concentration of dopants in extrinsic semiconductors, direct and indirect
band gap semiconductors, Hall effect and its applications.
UNIT-IV: Lasers and Fiber Optics (10Hrs)
Laser: Interaction of radiation with matter: absorption, spontaneous emission and stimulated
emission. Characteristics of laser, resonating cavity, active medium, pumping methods and
mechanisms, population inversion, construction and working of lasers: Nd: YAG laser, He-Ne
laser, Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser, applications of lasers.Fiber Optics: Introduction, total internal
reflection, acceptance angle, acceptance cone and numerical aperture, step and graded index
optical fibers, losses associated with optical fibers, applications of optical fibers.
UNIT-V: Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Materials (10Hrs)
Electric dipole, dipole moment, dielectric constant, polarizability, electric susceptibility,
displacement vector, electronic and ionic polarizations (quantitative), orientation and space
charge polarizations (qualitative). Internal fields in solids, Clausius-Mosotti equation,
Ferroelectric, Piezoelectric and their applications.
Origin of magnetic moment, Bohr magneton, classification of Dia, Para, Ferro, Antiferro and
Ferrimagnetic materials, domain theory of Ferro magnetism, hysteresis curve, soft and hard
magnetic materials, and their applications.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Physics, Halliday, Resnick and Krane, Wiley Publishers, 5th edition,2018.
2. Engineering Physics, B.K. Pandey, S. Chaturvedi, Cengage Learing.2012.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Semiconductor optoelectronics: Physics and Technology, J.Singh,McGraw-Hill inc.1995.
2. A Textbook of Engineering Physics, Dr. M. N. Avadhanulu, Dr. P.G. Kshirsagar, S. Chand,
Revised edition,2018.
3. Online Course: “Optoelectronic Materials and Devices” by Monica Katiyar and Deepak
Gupta on NPTEL.
4. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C Kittel, Wiley Publications, 8th edition,2004.
