Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

OCCUPATIONAL STANDARD

Automotive Mechanics
NTQF Level I - V

Ministry of Labour and Skill

December 2021
 Introduction

Ethiopia has embarked on a process of reforming its TVET-System. Within the policies and
strategies of the Ethiopian Government, technology transformation – by using international
standards and international best practices as the basis, and, adopting, adapting and verifying
them in the Ethiopian context – is a pivotal element. TVET is given an important role with
regard to technology transfer. The new paradigm in the outcome-based TVET system is the
orientation at the current and anticipated future demand of the economy and the labor market.

The Ethiopian Occupational Standards (EOS) are - a core element of the Ethiopian National
TVET-Strategy and an important factor within the context of the National TVET-
Qualification Framework (NTQF).They are national Ethiopia standards, which define the
occupational requirements and expected outcome related to a specific occupation without
taking TVET delivery into account.

This document details the mandatory format, sequencing, wording and layout for the
Ethiopian Occupational Standard which comprised of Units of Competence.

A Unit of Competence describes a distinct work activity. It is documented in a standard

format that comprises:
 Occupational title, NTQF level
 Unit title
 Unit code
 Unit descriptor
 Elements and Performance criteria
 Variables and Range statement
 Evidence guide

Together all the parts of a Unit of Competence guide the assessor in determining whether the
candidate is competent.

The ensuing sections of this EOS document comprise a description of the occupation with all
the key components of a Unit of Competence:
 a chart with an overview of all Units of Competence for the level (Unit of Competence
Chart) including the Unit Codes and the Unit of Competence titles
 contents of each Unit of Competence (competence standard)
 occupational map providing the Technical and Vocational Education and Training
(TVET) providers with information and important requirements to consider when
designing training programs for this standards and for the individual, a career path

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 1 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
UNIT OF COMPETENCE CHART
Occupational Code: EIS AUM
NTQF Level I
EIS AUM1 01 1221 EIS AUM1 02 1221 EIS AUM1 03 1221
Use Tools, Equipment Interpret Working Perform Bench Work
and Measuring Drawings and Sketches
Instruments

EIS AUM1 04 1221 EIS AUM1 05 1221 EIS AUM1 06 1221

Apply Automotive Apply Automotive Test, Charge and
Mechanical System Electrical System Replace Batteries
Fundamentals Fundamentals

EIS AUM1 07 1221 EIS AUM1 08 1221 EIS AUM1 09 1221

Perform Periodic Service Carry out Service Tires Apply 5S procedures
and Wheel Balance

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 2 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
NTQF Level II

EIS AUM2 01 1221 EIS AUM2 02 1221 EIS AUM2 03 1221

Service Engine and Service two and three Perform minor Engine
associated System wheeler vehicle Electrical Systems
Assemblies Assemblies Service

EIS AUM2 04 1221 EIS AUM2 05 1221 EIS AUM2 06 1221

Read and interpret Service power train Perform minor under
Machine drawing system Chassis Systems service

EIS AUM2 07 1221 EIS AUM2 08 1221

Carry out Wheel Prevent and Eliminate
Alignment MUDA

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 3 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
NTQF Level III

EIS AUM3 01 1221 EIS AUM3 02 1221 EIS AUM3 03 1221

Overhaul Conventional and Perform Engine Tune up Overhaul Engine
Electronic Fuel System
Components

EIS AUM3 04 1221 EIS AUM3 05 1221 EIS AUM3 06 1221

Overhaul clutch and Maintain Final Drive and Maintain Steering and
Transmissions Drive Lines Suspension System

EIS AUM3 07 1221 EIS AUM 3 08 1221

Maintain Brake Systems Maintain Two and Three
Wheeler Vehicle
Assemblies

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 4 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
NTQF Level IV

EIS AUM4 01 1221 EIS AUM4 02 1221 EIS AUM4 03 1221

Diagnose engine Diagnose power train Diagnose Under Chassis
management systems management systems Management Systems

EIS AUM4 04 1221 EIS AUM4 05 1221

Manage Automotive Prepare Job Estimation
Workshop and servicing and Cost
Operations

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 5 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
NTQF Level V

EIS AUM5 01 1221 EIS AUM5 02 1221 EIS AUM5 03 1221

Develop and apply Develop and apply Develop and Apply
vehicle Mechanical Vehicle Hydraulic Vehicle Pneumatic
System Modifications System Modifications System Modifications

EIS AUM5 04 1221 EIS AUM5 05 1221 EIS AUM5 06 1221

Perform Accident Manage Environmental Manage People’s
Analysis & Implement protection Process Performance and
Restoring Options Relationships

EIS AUM5 07 1221 EIS AUM5 08 1221

Develop Specifications Monitor project Costing
and Document System

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 6 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 NTQF LI

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 7 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I
Unit Title Use Tools, Equipment and Measuring Instruments
Unit Code EIS AUM1 01 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to
use basic measuring devices, tools and equipment to carryout
workshop activities.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare work station 1.1 Workstation is made ready for work activities
1.2 Procedures and information such as workshop manuals and
specifications are acquired.
1.3 Methods in identifying tools and equipment are
implemented in accordance with workplace procedures and
manufacturer specifications.
1.4 Identified/selected testing devices, tools and equipment are
checked for functionality and readied for use.
1.5 Unsafe or faulty tools and equipment including measuring
tools are identified and marked for repair according to
standard company procedure.
1.6 OHS measures and warnings in relation to working with
tools and equipment are observed throughout the work
operation
2. Carry-out 2.1 Measuring tools are selected in line with job requirements
measurements 2.2 Measuring/testing devices are checked and adjusted as
needed in accordance with work requirements
2.3 Appropriate method of conducting measurements is
implemented in accordance with workplace procedures and
manufacturer specifications.
2.4 Measuring instruments are handled without damage and
according to procedures
2.5 Measurement results are compared with manufacturer
specifications to indicate compliance or non-compliance.
2.6 Results are documented with evidence and supporting
information and recommendation(s).
3. Use tools and 3.1 Tools and equipment are used according to tasks
equipment undertaken
3.2 All safety procedures in using tools and equipment are
observed at all times and appropriate Personal Protective

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 8 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Equipment (PPE) are used
3.3 Tools and equipment are handled without damage and
according to procedures
3.4 Malfunctions, unplanned or unusual events are reported to
the supervisor
4. Maintain tools and 4.1 Routine maintenance of tools is undertaken according to
equipment standard operational procedures, principles and techniques
4.2 Equipment and tools are cleaned before and after use in
accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
4.3 Tools and equipment are stored safely in appropriate
locations in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications
or standard operating procedures
Variables Range
Measurement May include:
 Operation of testing devices
 Interpretation on of Measurements results
Tools and equipment May include:
 Hand tools for adjusting, dismantling, assembling, finishing,
cutting
 Tool set includes the following but not limited to: screw
drivers, pliers, punches, wrenches, files
 General Mechanic Tools set (Wrench, pliers …..)
 Power tools (Impact and air Wrench….)
 Measuring and testing Tools (d/t torque wrenches, Caliper )
 Special tools (Extractor, compression tester……)
 Equipment (trolley jack, hydraulic press….)
 Measuring tools/devices
 Electrical measurement/device include:
 Multi meter,
 tachometer
 timing light
 engine analyser
 spark plug cleaner/tester
 tune scopes
 test lamp
 distributor test bench
PPE May include :
 (Gloves, Protective eyewear Apron/overall, Safety shoes)
Maintenance Maintain tools and equipment may include
 Cleaning
 Lubricating

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 9 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Tightening
 Simple tool repairs
 Hand sharpening
 Adjustment using correct procedures

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competence  demonstrate safe and proper use of hand tools and equipment
 demonstrate safe working practices at all times
 communicate information about processes, events or tasks
being undertaken to ensure a safe and efficient working
environment
 plan tasks in all situations and reviewed task requirements
 perform all tasks to specification
 maintain and store tools in appropriate location
Required knowledge Demonstrate knowledge of:
 Safety requirements in handling tools
 Tools: Function, Operation, Common faults
 Maintain tools and equipment
 Applications of different hand tools and equipment in a
general engineering context
 Common faults and/or defects in hand tools and equipment
 Procedures for marking unsafe or faulty tools and equipment
for repair
 Routine maintenance requirements for a range of hand tools
 Storage location and procedures for a range of hand tools
 Hazards and control measures associated with using hand
tools
 Use and application of personal protective equipment
 Safe work practices and procedures
Required skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Reading skills required to interpret work instruction
 Communication skills
 Problem solving in emergency situation
 Read and follow information on standard operating
procedures
 Follow verbal instructions
 Select hand tools appropriate to the task
 Use hand tools safely
 Identify hand tool defects and marking for repair
 Maintain/sharpening hand tools using appropriate techniques
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 10 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I

Unit Title Interpret Working Drawings and Sketches

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 11 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Unit Code EIS AUM1 02 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
read and interpret drawings and sketches. It requires
interpretations of standard drawings by using symbols,
dimensional tolerances and notations

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify technical 1.1 Drawing is checked and validated against job requirements
drawing 1.2 Drawing version is checked and validated
1.3 Instructions are confirmed and followed as required
2. Identify views, 2.1 Orthographic and isometric drawing are identified
standard symbols and 2.2 Orthographic and isometric views are explained
lines
2.3 Alphabet of lines are identified
2.4 Uses of the alphabet of lines are explained
2.5 Projections codes and symbols are correctly identified and
explained according to drawing standards
3. Interpret technical 3.1 Component, assembly or object is recognized as required
drawing 3.3 Drawing symbols and codes are interpreted appropriately
3.4 Dimensions and material requirements are identified,
understood and followed as required
3.5 Dimensional tolerances, notations are interpreted according
to specifications

Variables Range
Drawing May include but not limited to:
 Perspective
 Exploded view
 Hidden view technique
Projections May include but not limited to:
 First angle projections
 Third angle projections
Tolerance May include:
 General tolerance
 Angular tolerance
 Geometric tolerance
Tools and equipment May include but not limited to:
 set square, T-square, compass, divider
 different types of drawing paper
 pencil
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 12 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  eraser
 drawing board /table
 masking tape

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competence  interpret technical drawings and sketches
 interpret symbols, dimensional tolerances and notations
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge to:
Attitudes  alphabet of lines
 drawing symbols
 tolerances
 relationship between the views contained in the drawing
 objects represented in the drawing
 units of measurement used in the preparation of the drawing
 dimensions of the key features of the objects depicted in the
drawing
 understanding of the instructions contained in the drawing
 the actions to be undertaken in response to those instructions
 the materials from which the object(s) are made
 any symbols used in the drawing as described in range
 relationship between the views contained in the drawing
 objects represented in the drawing
 units of measurement used in the preparation of the drawing
 dimensions of the key features of the objects depicted in the
drawing
 the instructions contained in the drawing
 the actions to be undertaken in response to those instructions
 the materials from which the object(s) are made
 any symbols used in the drawing as described in range
statement
 hazard and control measures associated with interpreting
technical drawings, including housekeeping
 safe work practices and procedures
Required Skills Demonstrates skills to:
 projections
 Apply drawing technique
 Apply dimensioning techniques
 check the drawing against job requirements/related equipment
in accordance with standard operating procedures
 confirm the drawing version as being current in accordance
with standard operating procedures
 where appropriate, obtaining the current version of the
drawing in accordance with standard operating procedures
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 13 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  read, interpret information on the drawing, written job
instructions, specifications, standard operating procedures,
charts, lists and other applicable reference documents
 check and clarify task related information
 undertake numerical operations, geometry and
calculations/formulae within the scope of this unit
Resources Implication The following resources must be provided:
 Workplace or fully equipped assessment location with
necessary tools and equipment as well as consumable
materials
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the workplace or in a simulated
workplace setting

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I

Unit Title Perform Bench Work
Unit Code EIS AUM1 03 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
determine job requirements, perform basic bench work
operations (i.e. layout; cutting with hacksaw and chisel; filing;
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 14 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 drilling; tapping etc…) and check the components for
conformance to specifications.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Lay-out and mark 1.1 Materials are selected according to the requirements
dimensions/ features specified in the drawing.
on work piece
1.2 Dimensions/features are laid out and marked in accordance
with drawing specifications using bench work tools and
equipment.
1.3 Lay-outing and marking are performed applying safety
procedures and using personal protective devices.
2. Cut, chip and file flat
2.1 Work pieces are clamped in work holding devices to avoid
rectangular and / or
damage and accidents.
round blocks
2.2 Work pieces are cut, chipped or filed to within tolerance
specified in the drawing.
2.3 Broken or dull hacksaw blades are replaced according to
requirements
2.4 Bench work operations are performed applying safety
procedures and using personal protective devices.
3. Drill, ream and lap
3.1 Hole is drilled, reamed, spot-faced and lapped to drawing
holes
specification.
3.2 Drilling, reaming or lapping holes are performed according
to recommended sequence.
3.3 Operations are performed applying safety procedures and
using personal protective devices.
4. Cut threads using
4.1 Thread is cut to fit gage or mating screw, within tolerance
tap, stock and die
given in drawing.
4.2 Thread is cut in accordance with the recommended tapping
sequence.
4.3 Thread cutting operations are performed applying safety
procedures and using personal protective devices.
5. Off-hand grind
5.1 Cut edges are honed and free of burrs.
cutting tools
5.2 Cutter is sharpened to conform to specifications.
5.3 Cutters are ground using appropriate cooling agents.
5.4 Cutting tool grinding is performed applying safety
procedures and using personal protective devices.
6. Scrape and hone
6.1 Scrapers are selected according to requirements of
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 15 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 holes operation.
6.2 Honing flushing agent is selected and applied according
requirements of operation.
6.3 Work pieces are scraped and honed according to drawing
specifications.

Variables Range
Materials May include but not limited to:
 Ferrous
 Non Ferrous
Bench work tools and May include but not limited to:
equipment  Drill Press
 Pedestal Grinder
 Surface plate
 Layout and marking tools
 Cutting tools (hacksaw, chisel, files)
 Drills, reamers, laps
 Thread cutting tools (taps and stock and die)
 Inspection and measuring tools (templates, vernier caliper,
micrometer, straight edge, gages, etc…)
 Chisels include:
 flat cold chisel
 center punch chisel
 cape chisel
 diamond-point chisel
 round nose chisel
etc
Work holding devices May include but not limited to:
 Clamps
 Vises
Chipping May include but not limited to:
 Grooves
 Slots
 keyways
Filing May include but not limited to:
 Filling operations
 Contoured outline
 Contoured holes
 File types based on shape and purpose
 teeth cut (single cut, double cut, rasp and curved tooth)
 cut (bastard, second cut)
 cross section (square, round, triangular, half-round)
 shape (flat, hand, pillar, mill)
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 16 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Thread May include but not limited to:
 Internal threads
 External threads
Scraper May include but not limited to:
 Flat surface (flat scraper, hook scraper)
 Curve surface (half-round bent scraper, three-cornered
scraper)
Extractor May include but not limited to:
 Screw extractor
 Stud extractors
Bench work operations Bench work operations:
 Layout and marking
 Cutting
 Chipping and Filing
 Drilling
 Boring and counter boring
 Lapping
 Scraping
 Honing
 Spot-facing
 Reaming
 Thread cutting and off-hand grinding

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competence  Laid-out and mark dimensions/features on the work-piece
 Cut, chipped and filed work-piece
 Drill, ream and lapped holes
 Cut threads
 Perform off-hand grinding
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge to:
Attitudes  Shop Safety Practices
 Safe working habits
 Identification of hazardous areas
 Use of protective clothing and devices
 Safe handling of tools, equipment and materials
 Housekeeping practices
 Application of first-aid treatment
 Use of fire extinguishers
 Shop Mathematics
 Basic arithmetic operations
 Fractions and decimals
 Percentages and ratios
 Conversion of units (English to metric)
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 17 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Trigonometric functions
 Computation of feed, cutting speed and machine rpm
 Drawing/Plans
 Standard drawing symbols
 Orthographic and isometric drawings
 Measurements
 Linear measuring tools (rules, vernier, micrometer, height
gage)
 Geometrical tolerances
 Materials and related science
 Classification and mechanical properties of engineering
materials
 Use and care of bench work tools and equipment
 Theory, System and Operations
 Laying-out and marking
 Sawing, cutting, chipping, filing, lapping
 Drilling, reaming, tapping
 Cutting threads
 Scraping and honing
 External threading
 Extracting fasteners
 Off-hand grinding
Required Skills Demonstrates skills to:
 Perform bench work operations
 Use bench work tools and equipment
 Use measuring instruments
 Operate drill press and grinders
 Perform layout, filing, cutting, drilling, tapping, scrapping,
lapping
 Perform safety measures and procedures
 Makes tread
Resource Implications The following resources must be provided:
 Materials, tools, equipment and facilities appropriate to
proposed activity
 drawings, sketches or blueprint
 overhead and Lcd projectors
 audio video devises
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the workplace or in simulated
workplace environment.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 18 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I
Unit Title Apply Automotive Mechanical System Fundamentals
Unit Code EIS AUM1 04 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
demonstrate basic knowledge and awareness of automotive
terminology, terms and principles as they apply to vehicle
systems, components and technologies found in modern motor
vehicles and also remove and re-install non difficult system
components

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify system 1.1 Suitable relevant sources of information are located to
fundamentals assist with mechanical fundamentals identified
1.2 General automotive system fundamentals are identified in
relation to modern vehicle platforms
1.3 Mechanical/electrical terminology and operating principles
of systems and components are referred to and identified for
a particular application
2 .Identify operation of 2.1 Component or system to be identified
system or component
2.2 Information is researched to ensure sufficient understanding
of component or system to assist with its further
identification and application
2.3 Potential for unsafe conditions or safety hazards is
identified.
3. Locate system or 3.1 Suitable automotive systems and components are sourced
component on vehicle to assist with task
3.2 Location of system or component is confirmed in relation to
modern vehicle configuration
4. Apply system 4.1 System or component is examined and sub-assembly
fundamentals components are identified
4.2 Method of operation is determined to confirm principles of
system or component function
4.3 System or component relationship to light vehicle operation
is determined
4.4 Potential common faults with system or component are
identified
4.5 non difficult system components are removed

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 19 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 4.6 system component are Re-installed
Variables Range
Sources of information May include but not limited to:
 vehicle workshop manuals
 service bulletins
 automotive texts
 magazine technical articles
 written instructions
 Documented workplace procedures.
 Websites
Safety hazards May include but not limited to:
 electricity and water
 toxic substances
 broken or damaged equipment
 flammable materials and fire hazards
 lifting practices
 Spillages.
 Sharp material
Automotive systems and May include but not limited to:
components  engine systems including modern vehicles
 Starting system
 Ignition system
 Charging system
 Cooling system
 Lubrication system
 Intake system
 Exhaust system
 Fuel system
 Transmissions and drive trains systems
 steering system
 suspension system
 Brake system
Workplace Health and May include but not limited to:
Safety (WHS)  are those prescribed under legislation, regulations, codes of
requirements: practice, and workplace policies and procedures
 protective clothing and equipment
 use of tools and equipment
 handling of material
 use of fire-fighting equipment
 first aid equipment
 Hazard control, including control of hazardous materials and
toxic substances.
Hand tools and May include but not limited to:

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 20 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
equipment  hammers
 screwdrivers
 wrenches
 sockets and accessories
 pliers
 Special tools for component removal or adjustment
 etc.
Common faults May include but not limited to:
 failure to achieve ignition and power
 failure to achieve fuel flow
 excessive exhaust smoke or noise
 unusual engine noises or vibrations
 excessive play or vibration through steering
 loss of coolant
 slow response or excessive pedal travel when braking
System or component fluid or gas leakage.

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  identify automotive systems and components
 source relevant technical information
 analyse functional units of the vehicles or systems
 describe roughly the functions of subsystems
 deploy procedures relating to the analysis and
exemplification of the interrelation of functions
 Demonstrate basic knowledge of possible causes of faults or
problems with vehicle systems.
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  WHS regulations, requirements, equipment and material, and
personal safety requirements
 methods of sourcing information relevant to mechanical
systems
 types, functions, location and basic operation of major
vehicle systems and components, including basic automotive
mechanical terminology
 common faults of major vehicle systems and components
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 communication skills to:
 communicate ideas and information in verbal and written
report
 use questioning and active listening skills, e.g. when
clarifying information
 initiative and enterprise skills to identify sources of
information, assistance and expert knowledge to expand
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 21 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 knowledge, skills and understanding
 literacy skills to:
 understand workplace safety-related procedures
 read and follow information in written instructions,
specifications and other applicable reference documents
 numeracy skills to use and communicate basic mathematical
ideas and techniques that relate to automotive systems and
components
 planning and organising skills to:
 identify risk factors
 plan and organise activities that implement and follow
standard procedures
 Problem-solving skills to:
 recognise a workplace problem or a potential problem
 Technical skills to:
 collect, organise and understand technical information
relating to:
 recognising and reporting unsafe situations
 automotive components and systems identification,
location and function
 Engine systems
 Starting system
 Ignition system
 Charging system
 Cooling system
 Lubrication system
 Intake system
 Exhaust system
 Fuel system
 Transmissions and drive trains systems
 steering system
 suspension system
 Brake system
 Remove non difficult system components
 Like Air cleaner etc.
 Re-installed system component
 select tools and equipment appropriate to the task
 safely use workplace tools and equipment when applying
mechanical fundamentals
 Technology skills to use information technology equipment
to assist with research
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 22 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 23 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I
Unit Title Apply Automotive Electrical System Fundamentals
Unit Code EIS AUM1 05 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
apply basic electricity/electronic as it relates to the electrical
systems, components and technologies found in modern motor
vehicles. The unit involves the development of skills and
knowledge that relate to the fundamental operating principles of
Automotive electrical/electronic systems.

Elements Performance Criteria

[Link] and apply 1.1 Suitable and relevant sources of information are located to
electrical/electronic assist with electrical fundamentals research.
fundamentals
1.2 Elements of electricity are identified
1.3 Elements of electricity/electronic common terminologyare
applied to common terminology for automotive electrical
circuits, systems and components
1.4 Elements of electricity/electronic are applied to common
electrical calculations for automotive electrical circuits,
systems and components
2. identify systems 2.1 Component or system is identified
components and apply
WHS 2.2 Suitable and relevant sources of information are located.
2.3 Reference information is identified
2.4 Potential for unsafe conditions or safety hazards is
identified
2.5 Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements are
applied
3. Locate systems and 3.1 Suitable automotive systems or components are sourced to
components assist with task
3.2 Location of system or component is confirmed in relation
to modern vehicle configuration
3.3 Alternative methods of system or component location are
identified in relation to possible light vehicle configuration
(where applicable)
4. Determine method of 4.1 Appropriate electrical/electronic test equipment is
system or component identified and applied for the purpose of testing circuit
operation diagram, system or component
4.2 System or component is examined and sub-assembly

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 24 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 components are identified
4.3 Operational principles of circuit, component and system
functions are determined and analyzed
4.4 System or component relationship to light vehicle operation
is determined
4.5. Potential for unsafe conditions or associated risk factors
with system or component operation or testing is identified
4.6. Potential common faults with system or component are
identified appropriate electrical test equipment is identified
and applied for the purpose of testing circuit, system or
component
Variables Range
Elements of electrical/ May include but not limited to:
common terminology  electrical loads,
 voltage,
 amperage
 resistance
 wire resistance
 Ohms law
 electrical power
 resistor circuits
 relays circuits
Electricity/electronic May include but not limited to:
 Electron theory
 Atoms and electricity
 Current flow theories
 Terms of electricity
 Measuring unit & devices
 Actions of current
 Types of electricity
Electrical/electronic test May include but not limited to:
equipment  test lamp
 Multi meter
 Electrical and electronic fundamentals
 Electrical and electronic circuits,
 Fundamental of control units, basic parameters and signals of
actuators and sensors
Circuit diagrams May include but not limited to:
 Circuit diagrams:
 Types of electrical circuits
 Circuit laws
 Electrical circuit problems and their identification
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 25 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Integrated circuits
 Electronic circuits
 Basics on testing electronic devices
Tools and equipment May include
 Hand tooling, test lamp, power/air tooling, special service tool
for removal/replacement, special testing
equipment/instrument and soldering equipment.

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  identify and apply basic electrical terminology and circuit
theory
 Use conventional and electronic information systems to obtain
information.
 Use circuit diagrams and other technical electrical engineering
or electronic documentation to analyse the principle circuits of
electrical components.
 Carry out troubleshooting procedures on vehicles or on
systems specific to the occupation and repair electrical and
electronic systems.
 Select the necessary testing and measuring devices.
 use tables and formulas to measure and determine electrical
values and evaluate the readings and signals
 use accident prevention regulations to avoid risk when dealing
with electrical current
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge to:
Attitudes  collect, organize and research technical information relating
to: recognizing and reporting unsafe situations
 basic electrical theory and principles of electricity
 range of sources of information available to assist with
understanding fundamental elements of electricity as they
relate to automotive applications
 identification, location and function of major components of
common automotive:
 engine electrical systems, including:(ignition systems,
charging systems, starting systems, engine management
systems, vehicle lighting systems)
 vehicle body electrical systems, including:(electric door
locking systems, power windows, mirror adjustment, car
stereo and sound systems)
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 engine electrical systems, including:
(ignition systems, charging systems, starting systems, engine
management systems, vehicle lighting systems)
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 26 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  vehicle body electrical systems, including:
(electric door locking systems, power windows, mirror
adjustment, car stereo and sound systems)
 wiring harness assembly
 range of sources of information available to service, maintain
and repair light vehicle electrical systems and components
 collect, organize and apply electrical fundamentals
information and concepts
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I

Unit Title Test, Charge and Replace Batteries
Unit Code EIS AUM1 06 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
test, charge, jump-start, and remove and replace automotive
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 27 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 batteries. This unit involves identifying and confirming work
requirements; preparing for work; servicing, testing and
charging batteries; and completing work finalisation processes,
including clean-up and documentation.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to test and 1.1. Nature and scope of work requirements are identified and
inspect battery confirmed
1.2. Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements,
including individual state and territory regulatory
requirements and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
needs, are observed throughout the work
1.3 Safe operating procedures and information such as site
procedures and specifications are sourced
1.4 Technical information is accessed from manufacturer and
component supplier specifications and interpreted
1.5 Tools, equipment and materials are identified and prepared
1.6 Warnings in relation to working with batteries are observed
2. Test and service battery 2.1 Service and maintenance methods are carried out
according to workplace procedures and manufacturer and
component supplier specifications
2.2 Electrolyte levels are checked and topped up where
appropriate according to service and maintenance methods
2.3 Batteries and terminals are cleaned according to site
procedures
2.4 Battery voltage and load checks are conducted to confirm
service repair action Battery is charged, jump-started or
replaced
3. Charge battery 3.1 Technical information for charging is accessed from
manufacturer and component supplier specifications and is
correctly interpreted
3.2 Components, tools and equipment to complete work are
identified, selected and prepared according to site
procedures
3.3 Electrolyte levels are checked and topped up according to
site procedures
3.4 Batteries are charged according to site procedures and
component manufacturer and supplier recommendations
4. Carry out jump-start 4.1 Technical information is accessed from manufacturer and
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 28 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 procedures to vehicle component suppliers specifications and is correctly
interpreted
4.2 Battery voltage is identified and vehicle and equipment are
confirmed as being appropriate to jump-start procedures
4.3 Leads are connected and disconnected in correct sequence
and polarity
4.4 Work is carried out without causing damage to the vehicles
involved and equipment being used
5. Remove and replace 5.1 Battery is removed from vehicle according to site
battery procedures, and component manufacturer and supplier
recommendations
5.2 Battery is replaced in line with vehicle electrical and
physical specifications and measurements
5.3 Correct secure battery fitment is confirmed
5.4 Battery terminals are reconnected and tightened
6. Retest battery 6.1 Test methods are implemented according to workplace
procedures and manufacturer and component supplier
specifications
6.2 Test results are compared with manufacturer and
component supplier specifications
6.3 Results are documented with evidence, and supporting
information is recorded
7. Prepare vehicle and 7.1 Final inspection is made to ensure work is to workplace
equipment for delivery expectations
to customer after 7.2 Vehicle is cleaned to workplace expectations and presented
battery is replaced ready for use
7.3 Workplace documentation is processed according to
workplace procedures
Variables Range
Workplace health and May include but not limited to:
safety requirements  personal protective clothing and equipment
 safe use of tools and equipment
 handling of potentially hazardous material and substances
 use of fire-fighting equipment
 first aid training and response
 control of hazards and hazardous materials
Service and maintenance May include but not limited to:
methods  inspecting battery, terminals and leads

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 29 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  inspecting battery securing system
 cleaning battery and battery compartment or storage area
 topping up battery fluid
 Testing battery with a hydrometer.
 Battery analyser
Suppliers specification May include but not limited to:
 Maintenance
 Maintenance free
 Capacity
 Cold check current
 battery manufacturer and component supplier
recommendations
 jump start may include:
 jumper leads
 Booster

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  observe safety procedures and requirements
 select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 service and charge batteries
 test batteries and battery connections
 jump-start vehicles
 remove and replace vehicle batteries including site
procedures correctly
 accurately interpret inspection and test results
 conduct servicing, removal and replacement according to
workplace, manufacturer and component supplier
requirements
 Present vehicle and equipment in a condition that complies
with workplace requirements.
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge to:
Attitudes  WHS and environmental regulations, requirements,
equipment and material, including personal safety
requirements
 select tools and equipment appropriate to inspecting,
servicing and maintaining vehicle batteries
 dangers of working with battery testing equipment
 principles of electro/chemical Process of Battery
 dangers associated with overcharging batteries
 Jump start procedure
 Principles of Memory of Control units
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 30 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  battery service and maintenance procedures
 Retest procedure
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Apply work place heals and safety procedures
 Identify Maintenance and Maintenance free batteries
 Identify tools and equipment needs to charge/replace battery
 check /testing the condition of battery
 add distilled water using hydrometer if necessary
 methods of charging(series and parallel)
 charging/ replacing batteries
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 31 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I
Unit Title Perform Periodic Service
Unit Code EIS AUM1 07 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
carry out, service and maintenance work, selecting and applying
different types of lubricants according to manufacturer-related
standards and customer needs.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for work 1.1 Overview about the scope of Service and Maintenance work
plan is provided
1.2 Performing inspection systems and components, which
present a special risk, are identified.
1.3 Resource of Information are selected by maintenance data,
technical documents and service plans
1.4 Possibilities of electronic data processing (diagnostic and
testing equipment, Internet) are used
2. select lubricants/ 2.1. Correct information on lubrication schedule is accessed and
coolants interpreted from appropriate manufacturers specifications
manuals
2.2. Type and quantity of lubricants/coolants are identified as
per job requirements
3. Apply lubricants/ 3.1 Correct procedure for change of lubricant is identified
coolant following manufacturer’s specification or manuals
3.2 Correct tools and equipment are selected and used in line
with job requirements
3.3 Existing lubricants are removed and replaced with specified
types and quantity of new materials in line with
manufacturer’s specification
3.4 Safe procedure and use of PPE are observed when removing
or replacing lubricant
3.5 Used lubricants are disposed in accordance with
environmental guidelines
3.6 Work is checked in line with company SOP.

4. Carry-out service and 4.1 Systems, subsystems and functional units are identified
Maintenance activities 4.2 Description of interaction of systems are carried out
4.3 Internal work order to confirm the order of processing is
analysed.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 32 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 4.4 For servicing tools are selected
4.5 Requirements of operating and auxiliary materials and spare
parts are identified
4.6 for the service rules, standards and regulations when
transporting, lifting and securing the vehicles and systems,
are justified
4.7 Inspection is performed by analysing the condition of tear
and wear of components
4.8 Components of systems are replaced
5. Perform housekeeping 5.1 Tools, equipment and materials are properly stored as per
activities company SOP
5.2 Workplace is free from waste materials

Variables Range
Work plan May Include but not limited to:
 Manufacturers’ documentation Service concepts and extent
of service provision
 company resources
 Repair guides and service plans
 Standard/special tools
 Procedures and devices for measuring and testing
 Technical systems and subsystems for Maintenance
 Technical information, Procedures and devices for measuring
and testing
 auxiliary materials, Spare part and material requisitioning
lists
 Health and safety at work and prevention of accidents
Performing inspection May Include but not limited to:
 block diagrams , flow charts , maintenance schedules
 Changing brake parts,
 Set back maintenance indicator, changing drive belt, Oil and
Filter changes, Battery maintenance, wheels Tyres,
windshield wipers
Resource of information May Include but not limited to:
 Vehicle registration and road traffic regulations, Vehicle
registration certificate
 service fluids, tires, waste disposal
 Periodic Maintenance manual
 Service Manual,
 technical information system /workshop information system
 communications and documentation systems
 Risk factor (high-voltage systems, pyrotechnic systems,

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 33 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 hazardous, explosive, highly pressurized fluids
Lubricant Schedule  Kilometers traveled used
 No. of Hours used
 Monthly
Lubricants/ Coolant  Engine oil:
 Diesel engine oil
 Gasoline engine oil
 on Fluid
 Destro II
 T4
 Gear oil lubricants:
 Oil #90
 Oil #140
 Oil #30
 Oil #40
 Grease
 Special (velocity joint) Molybdenum desulfate (Ordinary)
 Multi-purpose oil Contact point lubricant (grease)
 Brake/Clutch System
 Brake fluid: DOT3 and DOT4
 Power Steering Fluid A.T.F
 Hydraulic Fluid
 Radiator Coolant
 Long last coolant
Manuals May include but not limited to:
 Manufacturer’s specification manual
 Periodic Maintenance manual
 Service Manual
PPE May include but not limited to:
 Apron
 Gloves
 Goggles
 Safety shoes
Tool and equipment May include but not limited to:
 Hand tools
 Oiler
 Oil Dispenser
 Grease gun

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  get an overview of the scope of work and carrying out the
service and maintenance work
 identify assemblies and components, which give particular
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 34 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 risks
 differentiate systems, subsystems and functional units and
describe their interaction
 evaluate fault memory, maintenance data, technical
documents and service plans to obtain information and
documentation
 implement the rules, norms and procedures forming the basis
of the service
 Develop awareness of safety and quality and apply regulations
relating to health and safety at work and protection of the
environment in a secure way.
 Use Manual and Technical Information system
 Identify types of lubricants and lubrication schedule.
 Apply lubricants.
 Perform housekeeping
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge to:
Attitudes  Technical systems
 Use of Manuals
 Function of Systems and subsystems
 Tools and equipment
 Health and safety standards
 Quality standards
 Safety regulations
 Types/Classification of Lubricants
 Familiarization/Classification of Lubricants
 Identifying lubrication schedule
 Cause and Effects of Gear Oil Dilution
 Purpose of Lubrication (Problem and effects)
 Handling of oils (Gear, oil, engine oil)
 Hazard associated with lubrication
 Handling Manual’s and Technical information,
communication and documentation systems
 Handling and storing of tools
 Electronic data processing
 Types/Classification of Lubricants
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Carry out communication
 Use work order of companies
 Dispose and Recycling
 Use workshop information system
 Recognizing tear and wear
 Familiarization/Classification of Lubricants

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 35 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Identify lubrication schedule
 Cause and Effects of Gear Oil Dilution
 Purpose of Lubrication (Problem and effects)
 Handling of oils (Gear oil, engine oil, brake fluid, ATF and
grease)
 Hazard associated with lubrication
 Handle Manual’s and Technical information, communication
and documentation systems
 Handle and store of tools
 Perform periodic maintenance
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 36 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I
Unit Title Carry out Service Tires and Wheel Balance
Unit Code EIS AUM1 08 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
remove, inspect, repair and fit tubes and tyres. Balance wheels
and tyres.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to remove, 1.1 Nature and scope of work requirements are identified and
repair and fit tires , confirmed
tubes balance and 1.2 WHS requirements, including individual State/Territory
wheels and tires regulatory requirements and personal protection equipment
needs are observed throughout the work
1.3 Procedures and information such as workshop manuals and
specifications, and tooling required, are sourced
1.4 Method options are analysed and those most appropriate to
the circumstances are selected and prepared
1.5 Technical requirements for removal, repair and fitting of
tires and tubes are sourced and support equipment is
identified and prepare
1.6 Warnings in relation to working with balancing equipment
are observed

2. Remove tyre from rim 2.1 Methods for the removal are implemented in accordance
Conduct inspection and with workplace procedures and manufacturer/component
analyze results supplier specifications
2.2 Removal of tyre is carried out in accordance with vehicle/
plant/system manufacturer/component supplier requirements
2.3 Tyre is removed without causing damage to any component
2.4 Tire is inspected in readiness for repair
2.5 Tire removal activity is carried out according to industry
regulations/guidelines, WHS legislation, legislation and
enterprise procedures/policies methods for the inspection
are in accordance with workplace procedures and
manufacturer/component supplier specifications
2.6 Inspection results are compared with manufacturer/
component supplier specifications to indicate compliance or
non-compliance
2.7 Results are documented with evidence and supporting
information and recommendation(s) made

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 37 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 2.8 Report is processed in accordance with workplace
procedures

3. Repair tires and tubes 3.1 Methods for the repair are implemented in accordance with
workplace procedures and manufacturer/component supplier
specifications
3.2 Repair of tire and tube are carried out in accordance with
vehicle/plant/system manufacturer/component supplier
requirements
3.3 Tyre and tube are repaired without causing damage to any
component
3.4 Tyre removal activity is carried out according to industry
legal regulations, WHS legislation and enterprise
procedures/policies
3.5 Methods for balancing wheels and tires are implemented in
accordance with workplace procedures and
manufacturer/component supplier specifications
3.6 Adjustments made during the balancing procedure are in
accordance with manufacturer/component supplier
specifications
4. Fit tyres and tubes 4.1 Methods for the fitting are implemented in accordance with
Prepare equipment for workplace procedures and manufacturer/component supplier
customer and/or storage specifications
4.2 Tyre and tube are mounted onto rim
4.3 Tyre and tube assembly are pressure testedWork schedule
documentation is completed
4.4 Final inspection is made to ensure safety features are in
place
4.5 Final inspection is made to ensure work is to workplace
expectations
4.6 Tools and Equipment is cleaned for use or storage to
workplace expectations
4.7 Job card is processed in accordance with workplace
procedures

5. Prepare tyre and tube 5.1 Repair documentation is completed

assembly for use or 5.2 Final inspection is made to ensure work is to workplace
storage expectations
5.3 Tyre any tube assembly are presented for use or storage to
workplace expectations

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 38 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 5.4 Job card is processed in accordance with workplace
procedures

Variables Range
WHS May include but not limited to:
 protective clothing and equipment, use of tooling and
equipment, workplace environment and safety, handling of
material, use of fire fighting equipment, enterprise first aid,
hazard control and hazardous materials and substances
 anticipate and/or resolve problems and downtime, to
systematically develop solutions to avoid or minimize
reworking and avoid wastage Visually inspection of tire and
rim
 Checking for possible damages
 dynamic and static balance steel and alloy rims
 Operation of Wheel balance device
Personal protective May include but not limited to:
equipment  Personal protective equipment is to include that prescribed
under legislation/regulations/codes of practice and workplace
policies and practices
Tyre May include but not limited to tube, tubeless, dual sizing, radial,
belted bias, directional
Legal regulations  rim and tyre combination
 technical approval certificate
 Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS)"
 run direction of tires
 mounting with levers
 handling automatic tyre changer for mounting and
demounting wheels
Tooling and equipment May include but not limited to:
 hand tooling, power tooling, specialised equipment such as
buffs, spreaders, tyre removal equipment, immersion tanks
and various repair material, tyre fitting device

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  observe safety procedures and requirements
 communicate effectively with others involved in or affected
by the work
 select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 accurately interpreting inspection results

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 39 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  conduct balancing procedures in accordance with workplace
and manufacturer/component supplier requirements
 complete balancing of wheels and tyres within workplace
timeframes
 equipment is presented to customer in compliance with
workplace requirements
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge to:
Attitudes  WHS and environmental regulations/requirements,
equipment, material and personal safety requirements
 types and layout of service/repair manuals (hard copy and
electronic)
 apply research and interpretive skills sufficient to locate,
interpret and apply manufacturer/component supplier
procedures, workplace policies and procedures
 use mathematical ideas and techniques to correctly calculate
time, assess tolerances, apply accurate measurements,
calculate material requirements and establish quality checks
 dangers of working with balancing equipment
 enterprise quality procedures
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Identify tools and equipment to repair tire and to balance the
wheels
 use workplace technology related to balancing wheels and
tires, including the use of measuring equipment, specialist
tooling, computerized technology
 Dismantle tire from the rim
 How to repair tube and tubeless tire
 Manage Tire inflation pressure
 Perform wheel balance activities under supervision
 communication devices and the reporting/documenting of
results
 apply planning and organizing skills to own work activities,
including making good use of time and resources, sorting out
priorities and monitoring one's own performance
 apply oral communication skills sufficient to convey
information and concepts to customers
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 40 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level I

Unit Title Apply 5S Procedures

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 41 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Unit Code EIS AUM1 09 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the skills, attitudes and knowledge required by an
employee or worker to apply 5S procedures (structured approach to
housekeeping) to their own job and work area and maintains the
housekeeping and other standards set by 5S. The unit assumes the
employee or worker has a particular job and an allocated work area and
that processes in the work area are known by the individual.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Develop 1.1 Discuss quality assurance procedures of the enterprise or
understanding of organization
quality system 1.2 Understand the relationship of quality system and continuous
improvement in the workplace
1.3 Identify and relate to workplace requirements the purpose and
elements of quality assurance (QA) system
1.4 Explain the 5S system as part of the quality assurance of the work
organization
2. Sort needed items 2.1 Identify all items in the work area
from unneeded 2.2 Distinguish between essential and non-essential items
2.3 Sort items to achieve deliverables and value expected by
downstream and final customers
2.4 Sort items required for regulatory or other required purposes
2.5 Place any non-essential item in a appropriate place other than the
workplace
2.6 Regularly check that only essential items are in the work area
3. Set workplace in 3.1 Identify the best location for each essential item
order 3.2 Place each essential item in its assigned location
3.3 After use immediately return each essential item to its assigned
location
3.4 Regularly check that each essential item is in its assigned location
4. Shine work area 4.1 Keep the work area clean and tidy at all times
4.2 Conduct regular housekeeping activities during shift
4.3 Ensure the work area is neat, clean and tidy at both beginning and
end of shift
5. Standardize 5.1 Follow procedures
activities 5.2 Follow checklists for activities, where available
5.3 Keep the work area to specified standard
6. Sustain 5S system 6.1 Clean up after completion of job and before commencing next job
or end of shift
6.2 Identify situations where compliance to standards is unlikely and
take actions specified in procedures
6.3 Inspect work area regularly for compliance to specified standard
6.4 Recommend improvements to lift the level of compliance in the
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 42 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 workplace

Variable Range
Elements of QA system  corrective action
 mission statements
 monitoring procedures
 SOPs
 work instructions
 PDCA concept
5S 5S is a system of work organization originally developed in Japan
based around housekeeping principles. A close translation of the five
stages in the housekeeping approach is:
 Sort
 Set in order
 Shine
 Standardize
 Sustain
Japanese terms:
 Seiri - eliminating everything not required for the work being
performed (sort)
 Seiton - efficient placement and arrangement of equipment and
material (set in order)
 Seison - tidiness and cleanliness (shine)
 Seiketsu - ongoing, standardized, continually improving seiri,
 Seiton, seison
 Shitsuke - discipline with leadership

Items in the work area Includes:

 Tools
 Jigs/fixtures
 Materials/components
 Plant and equipment
 Manuals
 Personal items (e.g. Bags, lunch boxes and posters)
 Safety equipment and personal protective equipment
 Other items which happen to be in the work area
Sort Sort involves keeping only what is absolutely necessary for the
Set in order processes in the work
After removing area. Sortmaterials,
unnecessary includes:the remaining materials must
be those that are required immediately for either the machine or the
job at hand. All of these materials/change/parts etc must have an
assigned location on the production floor.
Locations should be clearly marked and labeled to show what belongs
where. assigning required equipment and materials appropriate

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 43 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 locations in the work area
Shine includes:
 keeping the work area clean at all times
 this should be carried out to a regular daily schedule against
allowed time and, on most occasions, at the end of a job
Standardize Once 5S is established, standardizing activities help maintain the order
and the housekeeping standards. Standardizing may use procedures and
checklists developed from a procedure.
Standardizing includes:
 Activities that help maintain the order and the housekeeping
standards
 Using procedures and checklists developed from a procedure
 OHS measures such as signage, symbols / coding and labeling of
work area and equipment
Procedures Procedures may include:
 work instructions
 standard operating procedures
 formulas/recipes
 batch sheets
 temporary instructions and similar instructions provided for the
operation of the plant
 good operating practice as may be defined by industry codes of
practice (e.g. good manufacturing practice (GMP) and responsible
care) and government regulations procedures may be:
 written, verbal, computer based or in some other format
Sustain includes:
 making sure that daily activities are completed every day regardless
of circumstance
 cleaning up after a job
 undertaking inspections, including:
 informal inspections carried out often, at least weekly
 formal inspections carried out at least monthly
 generating continuous improvement actions from daily activities
 following up specific actions to generate continuous improvement

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of A person who demonstrates competence in this unit must be able to
Competence provide evidence of the ability to:
 Identify own tasks and responsibilities and relate them to
organization and customer requirements
 Identify and explain the stages of 5s
 Implement 5s in own work area
 Identify waste (MUDA) in the work area

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 44 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Routine practice of 5S as part of their job
Required Knowledge Demonstrates knowledge of:
and Attitudes  Operations and processes relevant to own job
 Basic principle of quality assurance system and its elements
 Quality procedures and continuous improvement (kaizen)
 Meaning and application of 5s steps to own job and work area
 Principles of efficient workplace organization
 Purposes of 5s
 Methods of making/recommending improvements
Required Skills Demonstrates skills to:
 Communicate with others to clarify issues during 5S
implementation, communicate results and contribute suggestions
for improvement
 Visualize operations in terms of flow and contribution to customer
outcomes
 Plan own tasks in implementation of 5S
 Implement 5S in own work area according to instructions
 Identify waste (MUDA)
 Organize, prioritizing activities and items
 Read and interpret documents describing procedures
 Record activities and results against templates and other prescribed
formats
 Working with others
 Solving problems
Resources Implication Access may be required to:
 Workplace procedures and plans relevant to work area
 Specifications and documentation relating to planned, currently
being implemented, or implemented changes to work processes and
procedures relevant to the candidat
Methods of Assessment Competence in this unit may be assessed by using a combination of the
following to generate evidence:
 Demonstration in the workplace
 Workplace projects
 Suitable simulation
 Case studies/scenarios (particularly for assessment of
contingencies, improvement scenarios, and so on)
 Targeted questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated work
place setting. Assessment of performance must be undertaken in a
workplace using or implementing 5S as competitive systems and
practices.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 45 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 46 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 NTQF LII

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II

Unit Title Service Engine and associated System Assemblies
Unit Code EIS AUM2 01 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
carry out minor services in automotive engines and associated
sub-system assemblies. The unit involves preparing for the task,
basic checking/testing to identify fault, remove, disassemble,
replace worn or failed components and assemblies and reinstall.
Additionally, this unit covers performing post-service checks and

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 47 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 documentation.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for work 1.1 Technical documentation of wear limits and vehicle-
specific features of components and system assembly are
selected
1.2 Nature and scope of necessary service work is identified
1.3 Work plan is created
1.4 Components, tooling and equipment are selected and
prepared in accordance with work area.
1.5 WHS requirements throughout the work including personal
safety are observed
2. Remove and 2.1 Workplace procedures are demonstrated and
disassemble system manufacturer /component supplier specifications are
assembly followed
2.2 Vehicle system assembly is removed
2.3 Vehicle system assembly is disassembled
3. Replace and/or 3.1 Minor adjustments are carried out according to
reassemble system manufacturers' specifications
assembly
3.2 New gaskets are produced and sealants are applied
3.3 Particular procedures for assembling are implemented
3.4 System assembly is fitted according to workplace
procedures and manufacturer /component supplier
specifications
4. Clean up work area 4.1 Material that can be reused is collected and stored (if any)
and maintain tools and
equipment 4.2 Waste and scrap are removed following WHS rule
4.3 Tools, equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected
for serviceable condition
4.4 Causes of fault on non-serviceable equipment are identified
and tagged
4.5 Tooling and equipment are maintained in accordance with
workplace procedures

Variables Range
Technical documentation May include:
 Repair manuals,
 Maintenance schedules,

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 48 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Safety instructions
 Complete job order
 Registration of spare parts
 Creating the invoice
Components and systems May include:
assemblies  Engine exterior parts:
 Oil Pan and its Gasket
 Valve cover and Gaskets
 front engine cover
 Rocker arm assembly
 Hoses (evaporative emission canister , brake
booster vacuum, and the positive crankcase and
EGR valve)
 Timing cover Gears and Sprockets
 All drive belts
 Vibration Damper
 Gaskets ( Cut, Moulded Rubber and Hard Gaskets)
 Engine systems:
 Intake (manifold, air duct, air cleaner outlet pipe,
and the air cleaner assembly)
 Cooling (Radiator, Water pump, radiator cap,
reservoir tank, radiator and heater hoses,
thermostat, cylinder block drain plugs)
 Fuel (gasoline and diesel)
 Lubrication
 Exhaust
 Accessory and attachments (the A/C compressor bracket,
power-steering pump, air pump transmission and oil
cooler lines, all electrical connectors between the engine
and the vehicle, the shift linkage, transmission cooling
lines, all electrical connections and clutch linkages

Particular procedures Procedures may include:

 Visual checks, acoustic and functional assessments
(including: damage, cracks, corrosion, fluid leaks)
 Adjustment of system components
 Bleeding
 Fuel pressure test
 Cleaning Engine and associated Parts
 Remove and tag
 General Gasket and sealant Installation Procedures
 Relieve the fuel pressure at the fuel rail and
 Mark all electrical connectors and wire harness clamps, so
you know their original location and disconnect
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 49 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Cleaning May include:
 Procedure of cleaning:
 Body
 Seat
 Interior and Dashboard
Failure profiles May include:
 Excessively worn
 Striations and grooves
 Corrosion, dirt and sludge
 Leakage
 Excessive clearance
 Overheating of the materials
 Fatigue fracture
 Crack formation.

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Recognize various types of wear and damages
 Communicate effectively with customer involved in or affected
by the work
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 Complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 Interpret minor check results
 Conduct removal adjustment and reinstallation of a range of
systems in accordance with manufacturer/component supplier
and workplace requirements
 Complete services within workplace timeframes
 Vehicle/equipment presentation to customer in compliance
with workplace requirements
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  Quality standards for cleanness and correctly completed
repairing
 Various knowledge of cleaning procedures of engine and
associated components
 Knowledge of garage internal operating procedures
 Principle knowledge of wear-prone components and systems
 Workplace tools and equipment relating to the removal, basic
inspection and fitting of assemblies
 Technology to collect and provide information
 WHS regulations, requirements, equipment and material, and
personal safety requirements
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 50 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Communicate to handle customer
 Work organisation and planning processes
 identify minor damage profiles through visual checks and
functional assessments (including: damage, cracks, corrosion,
fluid leaks)
 Minor adjustment of system components
 Diesel fuel bleeding
 Clean engine and associated parts
 Remove and tag both mechanical and electrical parts
 Gasket Production
 General gasket and sealant installation procedures
Resource Implications The required real or appropriately simulated situations accessed
including work area, materials and equipment.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II

Unit Title Service Two and Three Wheeler Vehicle Assemblies
Unit Code EIS AUM2 02 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
carry out minor services on two and three wheeler vehicle
assemblies by identifying required tasks and integrating them into
work process. The unit involves preparing for the task, basic
checking/testing to identify fault, remove, disassemble, replace
worn or failed components and assemblies and reinstall.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for work 1.1 Technical documentation of wear limits and vehicle-
specific features of components and system assembly are
selected

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 51 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 1.2 Nature and scope of failure profiles and necessary service
work is identified
1.3 Work plan is created
1.4 Components, tooling and equipment are selected and
prepared in accordance with work area.
1.5 WHS requirements, including personal safety are observed
throughout the work
2. Remove and 2.1 Workplace procedures are demonstrated and
disassembled manufacturer /component supplier specifications are
system assemblies followed
2.2 Two and three wheeler system assembly is removed
2.3 Two and three wheeler system assembly is disassembled
2.4 Condition of disassembled parts is tested/checked against
manufacturer /component supplier specifications
3. Replace/ 3.1 Minor adjustments are carried out according to
reassemble system manufacturers' specifications
assemblies
3.2 Particular procedures for assembling are implemented
3.3 System assembly is fitted according to workplace
procedures and manufacturer /component supplier
specifications
4. Clean up work 4.1 Material that can be reused is collected and stored (if any)
area and maintain 4.2 Waste and scrap are removed following workplace
equipment procedures
4.3 Tools, equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected
for serviceable condition
4.4 Causes of fault on non-serviceable equipment are identified
and tagged
4.5 Tooling and equipment are maintained in accordance with
workplace procedures

Variables Range
Technical documentation May include:
 Repair manuals,
 Maintenance schedules,
 Safety instructions
 Complete job order
 Registration of spare parts
 Prepare the invoice
Components and systems May include:

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 52 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
of two and three wheeler  Engine
vehicle assemblies  Two/ four-stroke spark ignition engines
 Two/ four-stroke compression ignition engines
 Fuel, lubrication and cooling systems
 Magneto Ignition systems and components
 Starting system - Kick starter system – Self-starter system.
DTSI( Digital Twin-Spark Ignition) Speedo meter-
Mechanical and Digital
 Electrical system layout
 Chassis and Sub systems- Main, Single cradle, double
cradle, Tubular, twin-spar frame.
 Different drive systems
 Clutch, Gear box, continuously variable Transmission-
Gear controls in two wheelers.
 Front and rear suspension systems- Shock absorbers.
 Panel meters and controls on handle bar
 Layout of transmission system: Multi-disc clutch, chain
drive, belt drive, gear shifting mechanism
 Brakes and Wheels: drum & disc brakes, brake actuation
mechanism, spooked wheel, cast wheel, disc wheel
Testes, checks and minor Testes, checks and minor adjustments may include:
adjustments  Visual checks and functional assessments (including:
damage, cracks, corrosion, fluid leaks)
 oil and fluid leaks
 service and adjustment procedures for engines, including:
replacing oil and filter
 Post-service testing procedures for engines.
 Servicing procedures for two/three wheeler steering
systems,
 Adjustment procedures for two/three wheeler steering
systems, including removing, refitting and adjusting triple
clamp forks aligning front axles
 Servicing procedures for two/three wheeler suspension
systems,
 Adjustment procedures for motorcycle suspension
systems, including adjusting pre-load and damping,
removing, dismantling, reassembling and replacing
components, including: seal, bushing and valve
replacement oil replacement, air purging, replacing front
fork slider bushes, removing and replacing rear shock
absorbers, dismantling and repairing rear shock absorbers,
repairing steering damper assemblies
 Servicing procedures for motorcycle braking systems,
including: operational checks of service brake, hand

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 53 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 brake.
 Mark all electrical connectors and wire harness clamps, so
you know their original location and disconnect
Cleaning May include:
 Selection of appropriate cleaning agent
 Disassembled parts
 Body
 Interior and Dashboard
Failure profiles May include:
 Excessively worn
 Striations and grooves
 Corrosion, dirt and sludge
 Leakage
 Excessive clearance
 Overheating of the materials
 Fatigue fracture
 Crack formation.

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Recognize various types of wear and damages
 Communicate effectively with customer involved in or affected
by the work
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 Complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 Interpret minor check results
 Conduct removal adjustment and reinstallation of a range of
systems in accordance with manufacturer/component supplier
and workplace requirements
 Complete services within workplace timeframes
 Vehicle/equipment presentation to customer in compliance
with workplace requirements
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  Cleaning procedures of engine and associated components
 Garage internal operating procedures
 Principle of wear-prone components
 Two stroke construction and working merits and demerits.
 Tail pipe arrangement and location scavenging process.
 Operating principle of Magneto coil, Kick and Self-starter
system, DTSI, Speedo meter (Mechanical and Digital).
 Types and key features of two/three wheeler steering and
suspension systems
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 54 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Technology to collect and provide information
 WHS regulations, requirements, equipment and material, and
personal safety requirements
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
 Communication skills to handle with customer
 Work organisation and planning processes
 identify different damage profiles and corrective measures
Resource Implications The required real or appropriately simulated situations accessed
including work area, materials and equipment.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II

Unit Title Perform minor Engine Electrical Systems Service
Unit Code EIS AUM2 03 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
service engine electrical systems by using manufacturer’s
instructions and regulations. In addition to that, it describes the
competency required to interpret circuit diagram and use
measurement device to perform minor electrical system servicing.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to test engine 1.1. Job requirements and appropriate Workplace instructions
electrical systems are determined
1.2. Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements are
observed and applied throughout the work
1.3. Procedures and information are sourced and interpreted
1.4. Substantial Tools and equipment are identified for servicing
work
2. Test engine electrical 2.1 Necessary Test Instruments are used
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 55 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 system 2.2 Engine electrical systems are tested and faults are identified
following workplace procedures
2.3 Test results are reported, including recommendations for
necessary adjustments
3. Perform minor 3.1 Appropriate Service technique is applied
engine electrical
system service 3.2 Appropriate tools and materials are used
3.3 Identified faults are rectified following workplace
procedures
3.4 Post-service testing is carried out to confirm functionality of
system under service
4. Clean up work area 4.1 Material that can be reused is collected and stored
and maintain 4.2 Waste and scrap are removed following workplace
equipment procedures
4.3 Equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected for
serviceable condition in accordance with workplace
procedures
4.4 Tools and equipment are maintained according to workplace
procedures
4.5 Faulty equipment is identified, tagged and isolated
according to workplace procedures

Variables Range
Workplace instructions May include:
 Electronic or hard copy instructions
 Verbal instructions
 Written instructions
Job requirements may include:
 Engine electrical systems inspection and servicing methods,
processes and equipment.
Procedures and information May include:
 Vehicle service schedules and repair manuals related to
energy supply and starting systems
 Safe work procedures relating to inspecting and servicing
energy supply and starting systems
Workplace procedure May include:
 Appropriate use of test instruments & testing steps
 Appropriate repairing steps
 Appropriate cleaning method
 Safety precautions
Tools and equipment May include electronic testing equipment, including:

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 56 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  (Multi-meter, test light, Clamp Meter, oscilloscope,
wrenches & other tools).
Engine electrical systems May include:
 Charging system:
 Three-phase alternator
 Regulator
 Transistor/Hybrid
 Alternator drive mechanism
 Free-wheel function
 Starting system:
 DC motor
 Ignition systems:
 Distributer and Distributer-less systems
Identifying faults May include:
 Charging component malfunction, including:
 System not charging
 Alternator drive problems
 Regulator malfunction
 Overrunning clutch
 Pulley faulty
 Starting component malfunction, including:
 Low battery voltage
 Discharged battery
 Excessive voltage drop
 Failure to engage drive pinion
 Ignition systems:
 System not igniting
 Miss-firing
 Poor ignition
 Noisy operation
 Seized mechanical components
 Worn mechanical components
 Control circuit faults
 Open or short circuits to power, ground and reference
circuits
 High circuit resistance
 Diagnosis Trouble Codes (DTC) being set.
Service options May include:
 Charging system:
 Inspection procedures
 Drive belt adjustment
 Diagnose and repair considerations and procedures.
 Starting system:
 Inspection procedures
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 57 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Control circuit testing
 Solenoid clutch activation
 Cranking circuit voltage drop test.
 Ignition systems inspection procedures
 Depower battery electric vehicles
Post-service testing May include:
 validating effectiveness of the inspection and servicing
actions
 confirming that inspection and service actions have been
completed
 Confirming that further diagnosis findings are reported to
responsible service personnel.
Quality standards May include:
 Quality standards
 Maintenance of tools and devices

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 Inspect and service a range of starting systems
 Conduct inspection and service procedures according to
workplace, manufacturer and component supplier
requirements
 Present vehicle in a condition that complies with workplace
requirements
 Complete workplace and equipment documents
 Clean up work area and maintain equipment to workplace
standards.
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  Enterprise quality procedures
 General principles of operation of HV
 Application, purpose and operation of starting systems
 Application purpose of charging system
 Techniques for reading and interpreting automotive technical
information, graphic symbols and wiring diagrams
 Methods of sourcing information relevant to inspecting and
servicing ignition systems
 Principal components and operation of ignition systems
 Principal components and operation of starting systems
including diesel engine glow plug
 Principal components and operation of charging systems
 Use technology to collect, analyse and provide information
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 58 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Inspection procedures include;
 servicing procedures for engine electrical system
including accessing and interpreting service information
 Servicing procedures include;
 electrical components testing
 component and associated system adjustment
 Use tools and equipment relating to servicing engine electrical
systems
 Use basic automotive test equipment
 Methods of sourcing information relevant to inspecting and
servicing engine electrical systems
 WHS regulations with regard to personal safety, equipment
and material use.
Resource Implications The required real or appropriately simulated situations accessed
including work area, materials and equipment.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 59 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II
Unit Title Read and interpret Machine drawing
Unit Code EIS AUM2 04 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
read and interpret exploded and sectioned views of automotive
component parts. It requires interpretations of standard machine
drawings by using symbols, dimensional tolerances and
conventional representation of materials, machine elements, and
sizes of drawing sheets

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify machine 1.1 Drawing is checked and validated against job requirements
drawing 1.2 Drawing version is checked and validated
1.3 Instructions are confirmed and followed as required
2. Identify views, 2.1 Conventional representation of materials, machine parts
standard symbols and and size of drawing sheets are identified
lines 2.2 Exterior and sectioned views of machine elements are
interpreted
2.3 Alphabet of lines are identified
2.4 Part drawing of a machine component are identified
2.5 assembled views for the part drawings of machine are
identified
2.6 Exploded view drawing of a machine is identified
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 60 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 2.7 Drawing Conventions, codes and symbols are correctly
identified and identified according to drawing standards
3. Interpret machine 3.1 Component, assembly or object is interpreted as required
drawing 3.2 Drawing symbols and codes are interpreted appropriately
3.3 Dimensions and material requirements are identified,
understood and followed as required
3.4 Dimensional notations are interpreted according to
specifications

Variables Range
Drawing May include:
 Exterior and sectioned views
 Exploded view
 Hidden view technique
 Part drawing of a machine component
 Assembled drawing of a machine parts
Tools and equipment May include:
 set square, T-square, compass, divider
 different types of drawing paper
 pencil
 drawing board
 masking tape

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competence  interpret machine drawings and views
 interpret symbols, dimensional notations
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Attitudes  alphabet of lines
 drawing symbols
 objects represented in the drawing
 units of measurement used in the preparation of the drawing
 dimensions of the key features of the objects depicted in the
drawing
 understanding of the instructions contained in the drawing
 the actions to be undertaken in response to those instructions
 any symbols used in the drawing as described in range
 relationship between the views contained in the drawing
 safe use drawing materials and equipment
Required Skills Demonstrates skills of:
 Apply drawing technique
 Apply dimensioning techniques
 check the drawing against job requirements/related equipment
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 61 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 in accordance with standard operating procedures
 read and interpret drawing machine parts in accordance with
standard operating procedures
 read and interpret information on machine drawing including (
written job instructions, specifications, standard operating
procedures, charts, lists and other applicable reference
documents )
 check and clarify task related information
Resources Implication The following resources must be provided:
 Workplace or fully equipped assessment location with
necessary tools and equipment
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the workplace in a simulated
workplace setting

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II

Unit Title Service power train system
Unit Code EIS AUM2 05 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
remove, check and refit automotive power train drive line
assemblies. It involves minor inspections to identify deviations
from correct operation, removal, disassembly and fitting
procedures for main and interrelated components following
manufacturer specification.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to remove 1.1 Workplace instructions are used to determine job
power train drive line requirements related to removal of power train and drive
assemblies line assemblies
1.2 Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements are
observed and applied throughout the work
1.3 Procedures and information are sourced and interpreted
1.4 Removal options appropriate to work circumstances are
identified
1.5 Appropriate tools and equipment are selected and prepared
2. Remove and inspect 2.1 Power train and drive line assembly are removed
power train drive line according to workplace procedures and manufacturer
assemblies /component supplier specifications
2.2 Inspection of power train and drive line assemblies,
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 62 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 mounting points and fittings for damage and wear is
carried out
2.3 Inspection findings are reported according to workplace
procedures
3. Service power train 3.1 Servicing options appropriate to work circumstances are
drive line assemblies identified
3.2 Appropriate tools and equipment are selected and prepared
3.3 Power train and drive line assembly are serviced
according to workplace procedures and manufacturer
/component supplier specifications
3.4 Appropriate functionality of serviced assemblies are
checked according to workplace procedures and
manufacturer /component supplier specifications
4. Clean up work area and 4.1 Material that can be reused is collected and stored (if any)
finalise work processes
4.2 Waste and scrap are removed following WHS rule
4.3 Tools, equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected
for serviceable condition
4.4 Causes of fault on non-serviceable equipment are
identified and tagged
4.5 Tooling and equipment are maintained in accordance with
workplace procedures

Variables Range
Workplace instructions May include:
 Computer-generated instructions
 Verbal instructions
 Written instructions.
WHS requirements May include:
 Protective clothing and equipment
 Use of tools and equipment
 Handling of material
 Use of fire-fighting equipment
 First aid equipment
 Clutch Service Safety Precautions
Inspection powertrain and May include:
drive line assemblies  Clutch fluid check
 Transmission Lubricant Check
 Tyre condition
 Rim condition
 Wheel hub & bearing condition
Servicing options May include:
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 63 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Clutch fluid top-up
 Clutch Linkage Adjustment
 External Clutch Linkage Lubrication
 Removing the Clutch
 Replacing master and Slave Cylinder
 Bleeding the hydraulic System
 Transmission Lubricant Leak
 Transmission Fluid Changes
 In- vehicle Rear Oil Seal and Bushing Replacement
 Shift lever Linkage Adjustment
 Back-Up Light Switch Service
 Speedometer Drive Gear Service
 Transmission/Transaxle Removal
 Reinstallation of Transmission/Transaxle
 Shim Selection
 Removing and Replacing a CV Joint Boot
 Removing and Replacing a U-joint
 Removing and Replacing a propeller shaft
 Possible Sources of Leaks
 Disassembling a Single Universal Joint
 Reassembling a Single Universal Joint
 Manual or power-tool tightening of wheel nuts
 Assembling wheel hub , locking hub & bearing
 Bearing packing (greasing)
 Wheel bearing clearance
Workplace procedure May include:
 Appropriate use of test instruments & testing steps
 Appropriate repairing steps
 Appropriate cleaning method
 Safety precautions
Quality standards May include:
 Company used documentation procedure
 Maintenance of tools and devices

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the circumstances
 Remove, inspect and fit a range of final drive and wheel
assemblies
 Remove, inspect and fit clutch and transmission assemblies
according to workplace, manufacturer and component supplier
requirements
 Present vehicle in a condition that complies with workplace
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 64 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 requirements
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  Workplace tools and equipment relating to the removal,
inspection and fitting of vehicle wheel assemblies
 Technology to collect and provide information
 WHS regulations, requirements, equipment and material, and
personal safety requirements
 Dangers of working with vehicle wheel assemblies
 Basic Gear train theory
 Types and applications of wheel hub and bearing
 Types of transmission
 Post-fitting procedures and checks of powertrain and drive line
assemblies
 Enterprise quality standards
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
 Collect and provide information
 Lift and support procedures for vehicles
 Apply removal, inspection and fitting procedures of power train
and drive line assemblies
Resource Implications The required real or appropriately simulated situations accessed
including work area, materials and equipment.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 65 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II
Unit Title Perform minor under Chassis Systems service
Unit Code EIS AUM2 06 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
carry out basic services of defects on automotive running gear
assemblies such as steering suspension and brake systems. The
unit involves basic check/test to identify fault, removal, and
disassembly, replacement of worn or failed components,
reassembly and reinstallation according to workplace
requirements.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to undertake 1.1. Workplace instructions that are used to determine job
minor service to under requirements related to under chassis systems are sourced
chassis systems 1.2. Service options appropriate to work circumstances are
identified
1.3. Appropriate tools and equipment are selected and prepared
1.4. WHS requirements throughout the work including personal
safety are observed
2. Conduct basic 2.1 Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements are
inspection/test applied throughout the work
2.2 Particular procedures are identified to inspect/test under
chassis assemblies based on manufacturer/ component
supplier specifications
2.3 The suspension, brake and steering system assemblies are
checked thoroughly
2.4 Results are documented with evidence and supporting
information
3. Carry out minor repair 3.1 Repair works are implemented in accordance with
workplace procedures and manufacturer/component
supplier specifications
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 66 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 3.2 Removal, disassembly, check/inspection, reassembly and
reinstallation are performed (if required)
3.3 Adjustments are made during the repair in accordance with
manufacturer/component supplier specifications
4. Clean up work area 4.1 Material that can be reused is collected and stored (if any)
and maintain the 4.2 Waste and scrap are removed following WHS rule
equipment 4.3 Tools, equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected
for serviceable condition
4.5. Causes of fault on non-serviceable equipment are
identified and tagged
4.4 Tooling and equipment are maintained in accordance with
workplace procedures

Variables Range
Suspension systems May include:
 Rigid axle
 Twist beam axle
 Single wheel suspension
 Suspension springs
 Leaf spring
 coil spring
 torsion bar spring
 air spring
 stabilizer bar, shock absorber, bushings
 Independent:
 Double wishbones
 Macpherson
 multi-link axle

Brake systems May include:

 Hand brake
 Hydraulic service brake
 Pneumatic service brake
 Combined service brake
 Auxiliary brake
Steering system May include:
 Steering wheel, column and shaft
 Steering linkages
 Steering gear:
 Mechanical
 Hydraulic
Service options Service may include:
 Suspension system service:
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 67 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Measure Front and Rear Curb Riding Height
 Remove and replace a coil springs and spring
insulators (silencers), torsion bar, ball Joints and
mounts
 Check and/or replace leaf spring(s), spring insulators
(silencers), shackles, brackets, bushings, centre
pins/bolts, and mounts
 Check and/or replace upper and lower control arms,
bushings, shafts, rebound and jounce bumpers
 Check, remove and/or replace shock absorbers,
mounts and bushings
 Check track bar, strut rods/radius arms, and related
mounts and bushings
 Remove and Replace a MacPherson Strut
 Dry Park Check
 Steering system service:
 Test steering wheel rotational torque
 Remove, check and Replace Steering wheels and
Columns
 Check power steering fluid level, condition and
leakage
 Check rack and pinion steering, inner tie rod ends
(sockets) and bellows boots
 Flush, fill, and bleed power steering system; use
proper fluid type per manufacturer specification
 Remove, check, replace, and/or adjust power steering
pump belt
 Check and replace power steering Pump, flow control
valves, fluid hoses and fittings
 Checks Power-Steering Pressure
 Check steering gear box, pitman arm, relay (centre-
link/intermediate) rod, idler arm and mountings, and
steering linkage damper
 Adjust Steering Gear
 Brake system service: (Hydraulic system)
 Check hydraulic brake lines, flexible hoses, and
fittings for leaks, dents, kinks, rust, cracks, bulging,
wear, and loose fittings and supports
 Select, handle, store, and fill brake fluids to proper
level, use proper fluid type per manufacturer
specification
 Check brake fluid for contamination
 Identify components of hydraulic brake warning light
system

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 68 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Check master cylinder for internal/external leaks and
proper operation
 Perform on bench Bleeding of a Master Cylinder
 Remove and/or replace brake hydraulic Cylinder
 Check and adjust brake pedal Inspection
 Perform basic repairs on Vacuum-Assist Booster
Units
 Adjustment Pushrod of Vacuum-Assist Booster
Units
 Perform Hydraulic Brake Boosters tests
 Brake system service: (Drum brake)
 Remove, clean, check, and/or replace brake shoes,
springs, pins, clips, levers, adjusters/self-adjusters,
other related brake hardware, and backing support
plates; lubricate and reassemble
 Install wheel and torque lug nuts to manufacturer
specification
 Check wheel cylinders for leaks and proper
operation; remove and replace as needed
 Pre-adjust brake shoes and parking brake; install
brake drums or drum/hub assemblies, wheel bearings;
make final checks and adjustments
 Brake system service: (Disc brake)
 Remove and clean calliper assembly; check for leaks
and damage/wear to calliper housing
 Clean and check calliper mounting and slides/pins for
proper operation, wear, and damage
 Remove, check, and/or replace brake pads and
retaining hardware
 Lubricate slides/pins and reinstall calliper, brake
pads, and related hardware
 Remove and reinstall/replace rotor
 Retract and re-adjust calliper piston on an integral
parking brake system
 Check brake pad wear indicator; determine necessary
action
 Brake system service: ( miscellaneous service)
 Check operation of brake stop light system
 Remove, clean, inspect, repack, and install wheel
bearings/race; replace seals; install hub and adjust
bearings
 Check parking brake system components for wear,
binding, and corrosion; clean, lubricate, adjust and/or
replace as needed

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 69 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Check parking brake operation and parking brake
indicator light system operation; determine necessary
action
 Check and replace wheel studs
Methods to repair Are include:
 Operational testing,
 Visual and functional checks (including: damage, corrosion,
wear)principles, adjustment, replacement
Quality standards  Company used documentation procedure
 Maintenance of tools and devices

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  Observing safety procedures and requirements
 Communicating effectively with others involved in or
affected by the work
 Selecting techniques appropriate to the circumstances
 Completing preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 Conducting repair in a range of systems in accordance with
manufacturer/component supplier and workplace
requirements
 Completing repairs within workplace timeframes
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  WHS and environmental regulations/requirements,
equipment, material and personal safety requirements
 the types, characteristics, uses and limitations of commonly
encountered suspension and steering systems
 Principle of steering:
 Turntable steering.
 Ackermann steering
 Operation and construction of different type suspension
systems
 Principles of hydraulics and pneumatics including Pascal’s
law and kinetic energy
 Characteristics of friction materials including coefficient of
friction, temperature range, harmfulness of asbestos
 enterprise quality procedures
 work organization and systematizing processes
 cleaning procedures of vehicle
 garage Internal operating procedures
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
 Quality standards for protective guard and safety features
 Dangers of working with equipment on chassis
 Types and layout of service/repair manuals (hard copy and
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 70 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 electronic)
 Different service techniques of mechanical and power
assisted steering systems and their relationship to each other
 Different service techniques of suspension systems
 Different service techniques of brake systems
 Removal, disassembly, check, reassembly, reinstallation/
replacement and adjustment procedures
 Cleaning, tools and/or equipment maintenance procedures
Resource Implications The required real or appropriately simulated situations accessed
including work area, materials and equipment.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 71 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II
Unit Title Carry out Wheel Alignment
Unit Code EIS AUM2 07 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required to
carry out wheel alignment operations. The unit involves basic
check/test, alignment equipment installation, measurement and
adjustment according to workplace requirements.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Carry out wheel 1.1 Nature and scope of work requirements are identified and
alignment pre-checks confirmed
1.2 Procedures and information such as workshop manuals and
specifications, and tooling required, are sourced
1.3 Vehicle tests are performed to confirm need for alignment
using test equipment
1.4 Pre-checks are carried out in accordance with manufacturer/
component supplier procedures and workplace requirements
2. Perform wheel 2.1 Correct information is accessed and interpreted from
alignment manufacturer/component supplier specifications
2.2 Wheel alignment measuring equipment is connected to
vehicle in accordance with manufacturer/component
supplier specifications
2.3 Wheel alignment angles are measured and recorded properly
2.4 Wheel alignment adjustment is carried out according to
industry regulations/guidelines, WHS legislation and
enterprise procedures/policies
2.5 Workplace documentation is completed and dealt with
relevant alignment outcomes

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 72 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 3. Clean up work area 3.1 Material that can be reused is collected and stored (if any)
and maintain
equipment 3.2 Waste and scrap are removed following WHS rule
3.3 Tools, equipment and work area are cleaned and checked for
serviceable condition
3.4 Causes of fault on non-serviceable equipment are identified
and tagged
3.5 Tooling and equipment are maintained in accordance with
workplace procedures

Variables Range
Vehicle/equipment tests May include:
 Check condition of suspension
 Damage,
 Corrosion and ageing;
 Excessive slackness and excessive wear
 Excessive clearance,
 Proper fitting
Wheel alignment pre- May include:
checks  Vehicle horizontal position on Rotary and sliding plates
 Checking tire pressure and loading condition
 Correct tire and rim size
 Measure suspension height
Wheel alignment may include:
measuring equipment  2D-Wheel alignment
 3D-Wheel alignment
 Structure of device
 Computer and reading recorder
 Tensioning device
 Rotary and sliding plates
 Brake lightener
 Steering wheel locker
Quality standards  Company used documentation procedure
 Maintenance of tools and devices

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge to:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Communicate effectively with others involved in or affected
by the work
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 73 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 circumstances
 Complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 Accurately interpret wheel alignment measurements
 Conduct wheel alignments in accordance with workplace and
manufacturer/component supplier requirements
 Complete wheel alignment within workplace timeframes
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  WHS regulations, equipment, material and personal safety
requirements
 Relationships between fault symptoms and component defects
 Types of wheel alignment angles
 Caster
 Camber
 Toe-in and toe-out
 Turning radius
 Steering axis/king-pin inclination
 Included angle
 Operating principles of steering geometry and wheel alignment
 Wheel alignment system types and their construction
 Enterprise quality procedures
Required Skills Skills may include:
 Identify adjustment nut, bolt and shims location
 Apply Wheel alignment techniques
 Tear and wear identification of suspension
 Use of measuring tools and testing equipment
Resource Implications The required real or appropriately simulated situations accessed
including work area, materials and equipment.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be accessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 74 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level II
Unit Title Prevent and Eliminate MUDA
Unit Code EIS AUM2 08 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitude required by a
worker to prevent and eliminate MUDA/wastes in his/her workplace
by applying scientific problem-solving techniques and tools to
enhance quality, productivity and other kaizen elements on continual
basis. It covers responsibility for the day-to-day operation of the work
and ensures Kaizen Elements are continuously improved and
institutionalized.

Element Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for work. 1.1. Work instructions are used to determine job requirements,
including method, material and equipment.
1.2. Job specifications are read and interpreted following working
manual.
1.3. OHS requirements, including dust and fume collection,
breathing apparatus and eye and ear personal protection needs
are observed throughout the work.
1.4. Appropriate material is selected for work.
1.5. Safety equipment and tools are identified and checked for safe
and effective operation.
2. Identify MUDA 2.1 Plan of MUDA and problem identification is prepared and
and problem implemented.
2.2 Causes and effects of MUDA are discussed.
2.3 All possible problems related to the process /Kaizen elements
are listed using statistical tools and techniques.
2.4 All possible problems related to kaizen elements are identified
2.5 are used to draw and analyze current and listed on Visual
Management Board/Kaizen Board.
2.6 Tools and techniques situation of the work place.
2.7 Wastes/MUDA are identified and measured based on relevant
procedures.
2.8 Identified and measured wastes are reported to relevant
personnel.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 75 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
3. Analyze causes of a 3.1 All possible causes of a problem are listed.
problem. 3.2 Cause relationships are analyzed using4M1E.
3.3 Causes of the problems are identified.
3.4 The root cause which is most directly related to the problem is
selected.
3.5 All possible ways are listed using creative idea generation to
eliminate the most critical root cause.
3.6 The suggested solutions are carefully tested and evaluated for
potential complications.
3.7 Detailed summaries of the action plan are prepared to
implement the suggested solution.
4. Eliminate MUDA 4.1. Plan of MUDA elimination is prepared and implemented by
and Assess medium KPT members.
effectiveness of the 4.2. Necessary attitude and the ten basic principles for improvement
solution. are adopted to eliminate waste/MUDA.
4.3. Tools and techniques are used to eliminate wastes/MUDA based
on the procedures and OHS.
4.4. Wastes/MUDA are reduced and eliminated in accordance with
OHS and organizational requirements.
4.5. Tangible and intangible results are identified.
4.6. Tangible results are compared with targets using various types
of diagrams.
4.7. Improvements gained by elimination of waste/MUDA are
reported to relevant bodies.
5. Prevent occurrence 5.1. Plan of MUDA prevention is prepared and implemented.
of wastes and 5.2. Standards required for machines, operations, defining normal
sustain operation. and abnormal conditions, clerical procedures and procurement
are discussed and prepared.
5.3. Occurrences of wastes/MUDA are prevented by using visual
and auditory control methods.
5.4. Waste-free workplace is created using 5W and 1Hsheet.
5.5. The completion of required operation is done in accordance
with standard procedures and practices.
5.6. The updating of standard procedures and practices is facilitated.
5.7. The capability of the work team that aligns with the
requirements of the procedure is ensured and trained on the new
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).

Variable Range
OHS requirements May include, but not limited to:
 Are to be in accordance with legislation/ regulations/codes of
practice and enterprise safety policies and procedures. This may
include protective clothing and equipment, use of tooling and
equipment, workplace environment and safety, handling of
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 76 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 material, use of firefighting equipment, enterprise first aid, hazard
control and hazardous materials and substances.
 PPE are to include that prescribed under
legislation/regulations/codes of practice and workplace policies
and practices.
 Safe operating procedures are to include, but are not limited to the
conduct of operational risk assessment and treatments associated
with workplace organization.
 Emergency procedures related to this unit are to include but may
not be limited to emergency shutdown and stopping of equipment,
extinguishing fires, enterprise first aid requirements and site
evacuation.
Safety equipment and May include, but not limited to:
tools  Dust masks/goggles
 Glove
 Working cloth
 First aid and
 Safety shoes
Statistical tools and May include, but not limited to:
techniques  7 QC tools May include, but not limited to:
 Stratification
 Pareto Diagram
 Cause and Effect Diagram
 Check Sheet
 Control Chart/Graph
 Histogram and Scatter Diagram
 QC techniques May include, but not limited to:
 Brain storming
 Why analysis
 What if analysis
 5W1H
Tools and techniques May include, but not limited to:
 Plant Layout
 Process flow
 Other Analysis tools
 Do time study by work element
 Measure Travel distance
 Take a photo of workplace
 Measure Total steps
 Make list of items/products, who produces them and who uses
them & those in warehouses, storages etc.
 Focal points to Check and find out existing problems
 5S
 Layout improvement
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 77 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Brainstorming
 And on
 U-line
 In-lining
 Unification
 Multi-process handling &multi-skilled operators
 A.B. control (Two-point control)
 Cell production line
 TPM (Total Productive Maintenance)
Relevant procedures May include, but not limited to:
 Make waste visible
 Be conscious of the waste
 Be accountable for the waste and measure the waste.
4M1E May include, but not limited to:
 Man
 Machine
 Method
Material and Environment
Creative idea May include, but not limited to:
generation  Brainstorming
 Exploring and examining ideas in varied ways
 Elaborating and extrapolating
 Conceptualizing
Medium KPT May include, but not limited to:
 5S
 4M (Machine, Method, Material and Man)
 4p (Policy, Procedures, People and Plant)
 PDCA cycle
Basics of IE tools and techniques
The ten basic principles May include, but not limited to:
for improvement  Throw out all of your fixed ideas about how to do things.
 Think of how the new method will work- not how it won.
 Don’t accept excuses. Totally deny the status quo.
 Don’t seek perfection. A 5o percent implementation rate is fine as
long as it’s done on the spot.
 Correct mistakes the moment they are found.
 Don’t spend a lot of money on improvements.
 Problems give you a chance to use your brain.
 Ask “why?” At least five times until you find the ultimate cause.
 Ten people’s ideas are better than one person’s.
 Improvement knows no limits.
Tangible and intangible May include, but not limited to:
results  Tangible result may include quantifiable data
 Intangible result may include qualitative data
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 78 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
various types of May include, but not limited to:
diagrams.  Line graph
 Bar graph
 Pie-chart
 Scatter diagrams
 Affinity diagrams
Visual and auditory May include, but not limited to:
control methods  Red Tagging
 Sign boards
 Outlining
 And ones
 Kanban, etc.
5W and 1H May include, but not limited to:
 Who
 What
 Where
 When
 Why and
 How
Standard Operating May include, but not limited to:
Procedures (SOPs).  The customer demands
 The most efficient work routine (steps)
 The cycle times required to complete work elements
 All process quality checks required to minimize defects/errors
 The exact amount of work in process required

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrate knowledge and skills to:
Competence  Discuss why wastes occur in the workplace
 Discuss causes and effects of wastes/MUDA in the workplace
 Analyze the current situation of the workplace by using
appropriate tools and techniques
 Identify, measure, eliminate and prevent occurrence of wastes by
using appropriate tools and techniques
 Use 5W and 1H sheet to prevent
 Detect non-conforming products/services in the work area
 Apply effective problem-solving approaches/strategies.
 Implement and monitor improved practices and procedures
 Apply statistical quality control tools and techniques.
Required Knowledge Demonstrate knowledge of:
and Attitude  Targets of customers and manufacturer/service provider
 Traditional and kaizen thinking of price setting
 Kaizen thinking in relation to targets of manufacturer/service

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 79 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 provider and customer
 value
 The three categories of operations
 the 3“MU”
 wastes occur in the workplace
 The 7 types of MUDA
 QC story/PDCA cycle/
 QC story/ Problem solving steps
 QCC techniques
 7 QC tools
 The Benefits of identifying and eliminating waste
 Causes and effects of 7 MUDA
 Procedures to identify MUDA
 Necessary attitude and the ten basic principles for improvement
 Procedures to eliminate MUDA
 Prevention of wastes
 Methods of waste prevention
 Definition and purpose of standardization
 Standards required for machines, operations, defining normal
and abnormal conditions, clerical procedures and procurement
 Methods of visual and auditory control
 TPM concept and its pillars.
 Relevant OHS and environment requirements
 Method and Lines of communication
 Methods of making/recommending improvements.
 Reporting procedures
 Workplace procedures associated with the candidate's regular
technical duties
 organizational structure of the enterprise
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Draw & analyze current situation of the work place
 Use measurement apparatus (stop watch, tape, etc.)
 Calculate volume and area
 Apply statistical analysis tools
 Use and follow checklists to identify, measure and eliminate
wastes/MUDA
 Identify and measure wastes/MUDA in accordance with OHS
and procedures
 Use tools and techniques to eliminate wastes/MUDA in
accordance with OHS procedure.
 Apply 5W and 1H sheet
 Update and use standard procedures for completion of required
operation
 Apply Visual Management Board/Kaizen Board.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 80 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Detect non-conforming products or services in the work area
 Work with others
 Read and interpret documents
 Observe situations
 Solve problems
 Communicate information
 Gather evidence by using different means
 Report activities and results using report formats
 Implement and monitor improved practices and procedures
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to information on
workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Competence may be assessed through:
Assessment  Interview/Written Test
 Observation/Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 81 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 NTQF LIII

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 82 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level III
Overhaul Conventional and Electronic Fuel System
Unit Title
Components
Unit Code EIS AUM3 01 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, attitudes and skills required to
overhaul conventional and electronically controlled fuel injection
system components. The unit includes preparation for work, test and
overhauling of conventional and EFI system components and
completion of work processes.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for work
1.1 Nature and scope of the work requirements are identified and
confirmed.
1.2 Procedures and information such as workshop manuals,
specifications and tooling and equipments are acquired.
1.3 Methods in identifying conventional engine and electronic fuel
injection components are applied in accordance with engine
working principles and workplace procedures.
1.4 Technical and/or calibration requirements for the testing and
overhaul of fuel system are sourced and support equipment is
identified and prepared.
1.5 OHS, personal protection needs and warnings in relation to
working with fuel system are observed throughout the work.
1.6 Applicable national environmental protection measure/
guidelines for fuel system is sourced and observed throughout
the work.
2. Test conventional fuel 2.1 Methods for conducting tests on conventional engine fuel
system and system and electronic fuel injection components are
electronic fuel implemented in accordance with workplace procedures and
injection manufacturer specifications.
components 2.2 Test is performed on fuel system components in accordance to
manufacture specification
2.3 Test results are compared with manufacturer specifications and
indicated compliance or non-compliance in order to verify
overhaul.
2.4 Results are documented with evidence and supporting
information and recommendations.
2.5 Report is forwarded to appropriate persons for action in
accordance with workplace procedures.
3. Overhaul 3.1 Information is accessed and interpreted from manufacturer
conventional fuel specifications.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 83 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 system and 3.2 Overhauling of conventional and electronic fuel system
electronic fuel components are carried out in accordance with manufacturer
injection specifications.
components
3.3 Fuel system component overhaul is completed without causing
damage to the components or system.
4. Prepare vehicle/ 4.1 Final inspection is made to ensure protective guards, safety
system for customer features and cowlings are in place.
hand-over or storage
4.2 Final inspection is made to ensure conformance to workplace
expectations and standards.
4.3 Vehicle fuel system and/or components are cleaned and made
ready for turn-over or storage
4.4 Job card is processed in accordance with workplace procedures.

Variable Range
Tooling and equipment May include but not limited to:
 Hand tooling, specialist tooling for disassembly/assembly and
adjustment, and testing equipment, including scan tools
testers, fuel pump testers and pressure testers, multi-meter, ,
injector nozzle testers, injection pump taster and pressure
testers.
Overhaul Includes dismantling of component parts, measuring and evaluation
of wear; replacement, repair and adjustment of parts comparable to
original, assembly of parts, conducting functional testing and
completion of records.
Engine fuel system May Include:
 Conventional diesel fuel system engine
 Electronically controlled diesel fuel system engine
 Conventional gasoline fuel system engine
 Electronically controlled gasoline fuel system engine
System components May include but not limited:
 Engine with complete fuel and ignition system
 To carburettors (all position, electronic, fixed venture,
variable venture)
 Engine shutdown systems
 Fuel lines
 Fuel tank
 Fuel filters
 Fuel pump mechanical and electrical
 Fuel gauges, sending units
 Injection pump
 Unit injector (mechanical and electrical)

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 84 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Feed pump
 Sensors, common rail, etc
Occupational Health and  OHS requirements are to be in accordance with
Safety requirements legislation/regulations/codes of practice and enterprise safety
policies and procedures. This may include protective clothing and
equipment, use of tooling and equipment, workplace environment
and safety, handling of materials, use of firefighting equipment,
enterprise first aid, hazard control and hazardous materials and
substances.
 Personal protective equipment is to include that prescribed under
legislation/regulations/codes of practice and workplace policies
and practices.
 Safe operating procedures are to include, but are not limited to
the conduct of operational risk assessment and treatments
associated with vehicular movement, toxic substances, electrical
safety, machinery movement and operation, manual and
mechanical lifting and shifting, working in proximity to others
and site visitors.
 Emergency procedures related to this unit are to include, but are
not limited to emergency shutdown and stopping of equipment,
extinguishing fires, enterprise first aid requirements and site
evacuation.

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must Demonstrate knowledge and skills of:
Competence  prepare for work
 Test conventional and Electronic fuel injection system and its
components
 Maintain conventional and Electronic fuel injection system and its
components
 Prepare vehicle/system for storage and/or customer hand-over
Required Knowledge Must Demonstrate knowledge of:
and Attitudes  OHS and environmental regulations/requirements, equipment,
material and personal safety requirements
 National environment protection measure for diesel/ fuel system
vehicles
 Dangers of working with fuel system testing equipment
 Operating principles of fuel system fuel systems and their
relationship to each other
 Types and layout of service/repair manuals
 Testing of Conventional and electronically controlled fuel system
fuel injection system
 Diagnostic/Test procedures
 Adjustment procedures
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 85 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Operating principles of machines and equipment and their
relationship to each other
 Enterprise quality procedures
 Work organisation and planning processes
Required Skills Must demonstrate skills of:
 Communication skill with customer in questioning problem and
gathering information
 Troubleshoot techniques and procedures
 Fault correction
 Overhaul procedures and techniques
 Hand -over and storage procedures and techniques
 Test and analyze results
 Write Report
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to information on
workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated work
place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 86 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level III
Unit Title Perform Engine Tune up
Unit Code EIS AUM3 02 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, attitudes and skills required to
carry out engine troubleshoot, adjustment of system components
in order to keep the engine performance in good running
condition, it includes preparation for work fine tune engine to
maintain optimum engine performance and make ready for use,
in both diesel and gasoline fuel system engines.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for work 1.1 Workstation is made ready for tune up activities
1.2 Necessary tools, equipment and materials are identified and
made ready for use
1.3 Engine system are checked and made ready for tune up
1.4 Engine systems, injection, ignition, mechanical system
required in setting is positioned as per manufacturer’s manual
1.5 Accuracy in detecting/reading injection timing setting is in
accordance to manufacture specification.
1.6 Injection timing setting is re-checked following instructional
manuals
2. Inspect engine system 2.1 Inspect engine system components are re-checked before
and its components installation,
2.2 Inspect mechanical system requirement as per manual
instruction set-up
2.3 Interpreter inspection result compare with manufacture
specification
3. Test and the engine 3.1 Test of engine system component is performed in accordance
system and its to manufacture specification
components 3.2 Mechanical component adjustment is made as per the
manufacture specification for fuel and ignition system
3.3 Tightened parts following torque sequence, pattern and
specification in the manual
3.4 Adjustment is made as per the manufacture specification for
engine systems
4 Fine tune engine system 4.1 Fine tuning is made for perfect maximum engine
and Prepare for final performance on engine mechanical system
use/hand 4.2 On-the-road test of vehicle is done by a certified driver.
4.3 Make the engine ready for use and handover

Variable Range
Tools and equipment May include but not limited to:
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 87 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Mechanic and special service hand tools
 Scanning and measuring equipment,
 lifting equipment and testing equipment,
 Chemical cleaning equipment,
 crack testing equipment,
 Filler gage
 Nozzle tester
 Millimeters
 Compression tester
 Stroboscope (timing light)
Inspection Include but not limited to
 Fuel system
(leak age test injection pump ,bleeding fuel system, idling
engine speed, Actuators and sensors...)
 Ignition system
(Injection timing, timing marks, ignition timing
device and spark plug Dwell angle Actuators
and sensors...)
 Mechanical system (Valve tappet clearance, torque moving
compression pressure test)
System components May include but not limited to:
 Governor and Delivery valve
 Fuel system (diesel and fuel system)
 Mechanical system
 Cooling system
 Exhaust system
 Ignition system
Manuals May include not limited to:
 Manufacturer specification manual
 Maintenance manual
 Service manual
 Parts catalogue

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills of:
Competence  Perform Diesel and fuel system engine tune up is
 Install Injection pump is to engine
 Test injection pump and injector
 Maintain Injection pump and injector
 Use and locate Engine fuel injection marks,
 Replace/clean Actuators and sensors are
 Interpret Timing mark, meaning
Required Knowledge and Must demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  Automotive systems and engine operating principles
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 88 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Compression test procedure and precaution
 Engine parts failure
 Effects of low compression pressure reading
 Cleaning parts, methods, procedures and materials
 Types/classification of gasket and sealant application
 Engine fuel injection/spark ignition marks, use and location
 Type of lubricants and fluids
 Procedure in setting fuel injection timing
 Apply Special tools for setting injection timing care, maintenance
 Procedure in installing injection pump to engine
 Servicing inspection checklist
 Manual handling techniques
 Occupational health and safety measures and procedures
 Positive Work values ( Perseverance, Honesty, Attention to details)
Required Skills Must demonstrate skills of:
 Communication skill with customer in questioning problem and
gathering information
 Install injection pump to engine
 Interpret results from compression testing
 Handle of parts, cleaning tools and chemicals, sealant and gaskets
 Handle equipment such as tester and pressurized gases
 Use of engine diagnosing equipment
 Adjustment made on diesel and fuel system fuel injection system
 Use relevant tools and equipment safely
 Apply maintenance procedures
 Write reports
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to information on
workplace practices and OHS practices.
Assessment Methods Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level III

Unit Title Overhaul Engine
Unit Code EIS AUM3 03 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge; attitudes and skills required to
overhaul engines and its components on an engine removed
from chassis. The unit includes preparation for work; cleaning,
inspecting, remove from vehicle and dismantling of parts;
measure engine components, recondition/replace, assemble,

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 89 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 adjustment and final testing.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to carry out 1.1 Nature and scope of work requirements are identified and
engine overhaul confirmed.
1.2 OHS requirements and personal protection needs are
observed throughout the work.
1.3 Applicable national environmental protection measures
are observed throughout the work.
1.4 Technical and tooling requirements for overhaul are
identified and support equipment is identified and
prepared.
2 Remove ,Disassemble 2.1 Removed Engine from vehicle is cleaned and dismantling
and inspect engine of relevant components completed without causing
components damage to any component or system.
2.2 Engine component is inspected for troubles visually
2.3 (use inspection technique )
2.4 Components are cleaned for inspection and inspection
results are compare against specification
2.5 Engine components failure is analysed using appropriate
tools and equipment
2.6 Decisions are made as to serviceability and repair method
of each component
3. Overhaul and 3.1 Measured components checked against specifications and
Reassemble engine tolerances for reusability or replacement.
3.2 Information is accessed and interpreted from
manufacturer specifications and repair methods.
3.3 Replacement parts are ordered /sourced and reusable parts
for reconditioning are isolated.
3.4 Carry out Overhaul activities Rebuild, recondition or
replacement of engine components in accordance with
manufacturer specifications.
3.5 Engine is assembled following manufacturer procedures
3.6 Replaced parts ( actuator, sensors ) may integrate with
systems
4 Test engine operation 4.1 Engine is securely mounted on the vehicle in preparation
and Prepare for delivery for starting.
to customer/use 4.2 Engine fluid levels, including lubrication and coolant and
Gauges and warning devices are checked.
4.3 Engine Control units fault memory restored and ECU will
be integrated with system.
4.4 Engine is started and run for a specified period.
4.5 Adjustments is made while engine is running
4.6 On-the-road test of engine is done by a certified driver.
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 90 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 4.7 Job card is processed in accordance with workplace
procedures.
4.8 Technical assurance will be granted for engine
functionality
4.9 The engine is ready for handover/ use

Variable Range
Tooling requirements May include but not limited to :
 Mechanic tooling, power tooling, lifting and jacking
equipment, special tooling, measuring, diagnostic
equipment and testing equipment.
Engine Include ;
 4-stroke spark ignition engines for light vehicles
 4-stroke compression ignition engines for light
vehicles, heavy vehicles and mobile plant.
Engine components Measurable engine component May include but not limited to:
 Cylinder head
 Cylinder
 Cylinder block
 Crankshaft,
 Camshaft
 Piston ring
 Piston
 Connecting rod
 Connecting rod
 Journals (main and crank pin)
 Pins
 Valves
 Gear backlash
Overhaul activities  Complete dismantling of component parts, measuring and
evaluation of wear, the replacement, repair, rebuilding or
reconditioning of parts comparable to original parts, the
assembly of parts, performance of functional testing and the
completion of records
Occupational Health and  OHS requirements are to be in accordance with
Safety legislation/regulations/codes of practice and enterprise
safety policies and procedures. This may include protective
clothing and equipment, use of tooling and equipment,
workplace environment and safety, handling of materials,
use of fire fighting equipment, enterprise first aid, hazard
control and hazardous materials and substances.
 Safe operating procedures are to include, but are not limited
to operational risk assessment and treatments associated
with vehicular movement, toxic substances, electrical
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 91 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 safety, machinery movement and operation manual and
mechanical lifting and shifting, working in proximity to
others and site visitors.
 Emergency procedures related to this unit are to include, but
are not limited to emergency shutdown and stopping of
equipment, extinguishing fires, enterprise first aid
requirements and site evacuation.

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must Demonstrate knowledge and skills to:
Competence  Identify Fault
 Dismantle engine and components
 Identify Wear and damaged engine components are.
 Measure engine components and checked against
specification
 Replace, repairer, rebuild or reconditioned components
 Engine overhaul is carried out.
 Assemble Engine and components
 Integrate Electronics actuators and sensor
Required Knowledge and Must Demonstrate knowledge of:
Attitudes  OHS and environmental regulations/requirements,
equipment, material and personal safety requirements
 Types, characteristics and operating processes of engines
 Types and layout of service/repair manuals
 Engine-overhaul principles and procedures
 Dismantling, assembling and adjustment methods
 Procedures of engine assembling
 Methods of integrating replaced parts
 Measuring and testing procedures and techniques
 Relevant technical information
 Usage of measuring, diagnostic and power tools
 Environmental protection laws and guidelines
Required Skills Must Demonstrate skills of:
 Communication skill with customer in questioning
problem and gathering information
 Identify wear and damaged engine components
 Carryout engine overhaul
 Dismantle and assemble engine and components
 Identify smooth engine run
 Identify location of multi-can and actuators, sensors
Resource Implications  Access is required to real or appropriately simulated
Situations, including work areas, materials and
equipment, and to information on workplace practices
and OHS practices.
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 92 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment  Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a
simulated work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level III

Unit Title Overhaul Clutch and Transmissions
Unit Code EIS AUM3 04 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
diagnose deviations from correct operation, repair of
transmission and clutch system components. It covers
Preparation to troubleshoot system, on both manual and
automatic transmission and clutch system, repair, analyse results
check system functionality and prepare vehicle/ equipment for
use or storage.

Elements Performance Criteria

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 93 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
1. Prepare to 1.1. Workplace instructions are used to determine job
troubleshoot requirements
transmission and 1.2. OHS requirements are observed and applied throughout the
clutch system work
1.3. Procedures and information are sourced and interpreted
1.4. Troubleshoot options are analysed and those most
appropriate to the circumstances are selected
1.5. Appropriate tools and equipment are selected and prepared
1.6 Technical and/or calibration requirements for testing of
transmission are sourced and support equipment is identified
and prepared
1.7 Warnings in relation to working with transmission are
observed
2. Troubleshoot 2.1 Type of transmission and clutch system are identified
transmission and 2.2 Troubleshoot are performed according to workplace
clutch system procedures and without causing damage to components or
systems
2.3 Faults are identified from troubleshoot results and causes of
faults are determined
2.4 Troubleshoot are reported according to workplace
procedures, including recommendations for necessary
repairs or adjustments
3. Repair transmission 3.1 Repair options are analysed and those most appropriate to
and clutch system the circumstances are selected
3.2 Appropriate tooling, techniques and materials are selected
and prepared
3.3 Repairs and component replacements and adjustments are
carried out without causing damage to components or
systems and according to workplace procedures and
manufacturer and component supplier specifications
3.4 Test results are compared with manufacturer/component
supplier specifications to indicate compliance or non-
compliance
4. Test transmission and 4.1 Post-repair testing is carried out according to workplace
clutch system procedures and relevant legislation
functionality and 4.2 Methods for tests are implemented in accordance with
Prepare vehicle/ workplace procedures and manufacturer/component supplier
equipment for use or specifications
storage 4.3 Fault are identified and adjusted
4.4 Results are documented with evidence and supporting
information and recommendation(s) made
4.5 Final inspection is made to ensure protective guards, safety
features and cowlings are in place
4.6 Report is processed in accordance with workplace
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 94 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 procedures work order
4.7 Road/site test is conducted for functionality equipment is
ready for use/ hand-over

Variables Range
Job requirements May include and not limited to:
 Vehicle transmission and clutch systems troubleshoot
methods, and equipment for both manual and automatic
transmission
Tools and Equipment May include but not limited to:
 Fleer gauge
 Puller( gear extractor)
 Guiding shaft
 Snap ring extractor,
 Mechanic tools
 Jack
 Safety belt while removing transmission from vehicle
OHS requirements May include and not limited to:
 Protective clothing and equipment
 Use of tools and equipment
 Handling of material
 First aid equipment
 Hazard control, including control of hazardous materials
and toxic substances.
Type of transmission May include but not limited to:
 Manual transmission
 Automatic transmission
 Single-disc and double clutch assemblies
 Coil spring and Diaphragm clutches
 Trans axle transmission
 Transverse/front engine rear wheel drive Transmission
Diagnosis tests May include but not limited to:
 Component inspection and evaluation.
 Hydraulic and mechanical systems testing and evaluation
of result
Faults May include but not limited to:
 Clutch slippage
 Clutch drag and binding
 Clutch chatter
 Clutch pedal pulsation
 Clutch master cylinder and clutch sleeve cylinder wear
 Clutch vibration
 Clutch system noise
 Transmission noise
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 95 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Gear jump out
 Transmission vibration
 Hard gear shifting
 No gear engagement
Components May include but not limited to:
 Clutch (Disc ,pressure pale ,throughout bearing, friction
disc)
 Gear selector shaft/ lever
 Selector fork
 Bearing
 Gears
 Dents
 Synchronizers
 Housing
 Shaft (Input ,output, counter, idler rear) shaft
 Parts of transfer gear
 Torque convertor ( impeller, stator, rotor)
 Oil pump
 Valve body
 Clutch packs
 Spool and Solenoid
 Piston servo, and oil galleries
 planetary gear sets
 Brake bands
 Seal
 Oil pan
Repair options Include but not limited to:
 removal, replacement and adjustment procedures
 dismantle, repair, re-assembly and adjustment procedures
Functionality May include but not limited to :
 Smooth run
 Noise free run
 Odorless
 Leak free
 Easy shift of gears
 Mobile or stationary tests to evaluate transmission and
clutch performance
Repair methods and May include:
sequence  Inspection, identification of fault(s); dismantling,
inspection and evaluation; replacement of component
parts; assembly and completion of operational tests and
records

Evidence Guide
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 96 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills to:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 Diagnose and repair of vehicle transmission and clutch
systems relative to the qualification being sought
 Diagnose and repair vehicle transmission clutch systems
according to workplace, manufacturer and component
supplier requirements
 Interpret diagnosis results
 Conduct repair and/or replacement of transmissions and
clutch in accordance with workplace and manufacturer/
component supplier requirements
 Complete work within workplace timeframes
 Provide vehicle/transmissions and clutch presentation to
customer in compliance with workplace requirements
Required Knowledge Must demonstrate knowledge of:
and Attitudes  WHS requirements, equipment, material and personal
safety requirements, relating to repairing vehicle
transmission and clutch systems
 Application, purpose and operating principles of vehicle
transmission and clutch systems,
 Dangers of working on vehicle transmission and clutch
systems
 Enterprise quality procedures
 Work organization and planning processes
 repair procedures
 options of testing transmission and clutch system
Required Skills Must demonstrate skills to:
 Communication skill with customer in questioning problem
and gathering information
 Use workplace tools relating to the repair vehicle
transmission and clutch systems
 Repair procedures of vehicle transmission and clutch
systems
 Apply post-repair testing procedures of vehicle
transmission and clutch systems
 Maintain procedures of vehicle transmission and clutch
systems
 Test procedures of vehicle transmission and clutch systems
 Identify faults by visual, aural and functional assessment
 Identify the application, purpose and operation of
transmission
 Apply diagnostic procedures
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 97 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 
Identify types and layout of service/repair manuals (hard
copy and electronic)
 Connect PTO
 Record the documentation of testing analysing
Resource Implications Access is required to real or appropriately simulated
situations, including work areas, materials and equipment,
workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 98 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level III
Unit Title Maintain Final Drive and Drive Lines
Unit Code EIS AUM3 05 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
preparation to inspect, measure, identify faults, restore faults,
and assemble parts in final drive and drivelines in an automotive
retail, service and/or repair context and make ready for
handover.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to Maintain 1.1 Nature and scope of the work requirements are identified and
Final Drive and Drive confirmed
Lines assemblies 1.2 WHS requirements, including individual State/Territory
regulatory requirements and personal protection needs are
observed throughout the work
1.3 Procedures and information such as workshop manuals,
specifications and tooling, are sourced
1.4 Method options are analysed and those most appropriate to
the circumstances are selected and prepared
1.5 Technical and/or calibration requirements for the testing and
Maintenance of final drive and drive line assemblies are
sourced and support equipment is identified and prepared
1.6 Warnings in relation to working with gear, chain and tracked
type assemblies are observed
2. Inspect final drive and 2.1 Methods for the conduct of the system measurement and
drive line assemblies tests are implemented in accordance with workplace
and analyse result procedures and manufacturer/component supplier
specifications
2.2 Results are compared with manufacturer/component supplier
specifications to indicate compliance or non-compliance
2.3 Results are documented with evidence and supporting
information and recommendation(s) made
2.4 Report is processed in accordance with workplace
procedures
3. Maintain final drive 3.1 Methods and sequence for the conduct of the Maintenance
and drive line are implemented in accordance with workplace procedures
assemblies and manufacturer/component supplier specifications
3.2 All adjustments are made during the Maintenance in
accordance with manufacturer/component supplier
specifications
3.3 Fill appropriate type of oil is topped up and level is checked
4. Prepare 4.1 Maintenance schedule documentation is completed
vehicle/machine for 4.2 Final inspection is made to ensure protective guards, safety
use or storage
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 99 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 features and cowlings are in place
4.3 Final inspection is made to ensure work is to workplace
expectations
4.4 Vehicle/machine is cleaned for use or stored to workplace
expectations
4.5 Job card is processed in accordance with workplace
procedures

Variable Range
WHS requirements May include:
 protective clothing and equipment, use of tooling and
equipment, workplace environment and safety, handling of
materials, use of fire fighting equipment, enterprise first aid,
hazard control and hazardous materials and substances
Measurement may include but not limited to:
 Differential case bearing preload
 Pinion bearing depth
 Pinion bearing preload ( with shims and collapsible shims)
 Ring gear and pinion gear tooth pattern
 Pinion and ring gear backlash
 Side bearing preload
Information May include:
 Verbal or written and graphical instructions, signage, work
schedules/plans/specifications, work bulletins, memos, material
safety data sheets, diagrams or sketches
 Safe work procedures related to the overhaul of final drive
assemblies
 Regulatory/legislative requirements pertaining to the automotive
industry, including Ethiopian Design Rules
 Engineer's design specifications and instructions
 Organisation work specifications and requirements
 Instructions issued by authorised enterprise or external persons
Methods and sequence  Are to include the complete dismantling of component parts,
measuring and evaluation of wear, the replacement, repair, of
parts comparable to original parts, the assembly of parts,
performance of functional testing and the completion of records
Safe operating procedures  Are to include, but are not limited to the conduct of operational
risk assessment and treatments associated with vehicular
movement, machinery movement and operation, manual and
mechanical lifting and shifting, working in proximity to others
and site visitors
Emergency procedures  Are to include, but are not limited to emergency shutdown and
stopping of equipment, enterprise first aid requirements and site
evacuation
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 100 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Environmental  Are to include but are not limited to waste management, noise,
requirements dust and clean-up management
Quality requirements  Are to include, but are not limited to regulations, including
Ethiopian Standards, internal company quality policy and
standards and enterprise operations and procedures
Statutory/regulatory  May include Federal, State/Territory and local authorities
authorities administering acts, regulations and codes of practice
Tooling and equipment  May include hand tooling, meters, gauges and load testing
devices, differential test stand,
Materials  May include lubricants, spare parts and cleaning materials
Communications  Are to include, but are not limited to verbal and visual
instructions and fault reporting and may include site specific
instructions, written instructions, plans or instructions related to
job/task, telephones and pagers
Personal protective  Is to include that prescribed under legislation/ regulations / codes
equipment of practice and workplace policies and practices

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills on:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Communicate effectively with others involved in or affected
by the work
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 Prepare activity in a systematic manner
 Identification of the application, purpose and operation
 Overhaul sequence as per the Range Statement relative to
the qualification being sought
 Interpreter the test results and maintenance in accordance
with workplace and manufacturer/component supplier
requirements
 Maintenance of the final drive assembly and associated
components within workplace frames
 Presentation of vehicle/machine to customer in compliance
with workplace requirements.
Required Knowledge and Must demonstrate knowledge on:
Attitudes  WHS and environmental regulations/requirements,
equipment, material and personal safety requirements
 Dangers of working with wheeled and tracked type vehicles
and equipment
 Identification of the application, purpose and operation
 Identification of component parts to include physical, fluid,
gases and heat generation
 Identification of wear evaluation methods
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 101 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  types and layout of service/repair manuals (hard copy and
electronic)
 Final drive assembly test procedures
 Final drive assembly maintenance procedures
 Enterprise quality procedures
 Work organisation and planning processes
Required Skills Must demonstrate skills to:
 Measure and adjust final drive assembly parts
 Work organisation and planning processes apply analytical
skills required for identification and analysis of technical
information
 Questioning and information gathering and active listening
skills
 Communication skill with customer in questioning problem
and gathering information
 Apply planning and organising skills to own work activities,
including making good use of time and resources, sorting out
priorities and monitoring own performance
 Apply problem-solving strategies in purposeful ways, both in
situations where the problem and desired solution are clearly
evident and in situations requiring critical thinking and a
creative approach to achieve an outcome
 Use workplace technology related to the maintenance of final
drive assemblies, including the use of measuring equipment,
computerised technology and communication devices and
reporting/documenting of results
Resource Implications May include but not limited to:
 workplace or fully equipped assessment location with
necessary tools and equipment as well as consumable
materials
Method of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Oral questioning / Written Test
 Observation/Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics level III

Unit Title Maintain Steering and Suspension System
Unit Code EIS AUM3 06 1221

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 102 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to carry
out Maintenance of Steering and Suspension systems components,
this include preparing for work, disassemble, inspection, maintain
parts on mechanical and power assisted steering and different
types of suspension system components

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Plan and prepare for 1.1 Work instructions, including repair order forms, specifications
work and operational
1.2 Details are obtained, confirmed and applied.
1.3 Safety requirements are followed in accordance with safety
plans and policies.
1.4 Tools and equipment selected to carry out tasks are consistent
with the requirements of the job are checked for serviceability
and any faults rectified or reported prior to commencement.
1.5 Material requirements are identified and obtained in
accordance with repair order form and/or specifications.
1.6 Materials are safely handled and located ready for use in line
with workplace procedures.
1.7 Technical and/or calibration requirements for tools and
equipment are sourced and implemented in line with
workplace procedures.
1.8 Environmental protection requirements are identified and
applied in line with environmental plans and regulatory
obligations.
2. Disassemble and 2.1 Disassembled parts cleaned and ready for inspection in line
Inspect steering and with manufactures instruction and procedures
suspension systems 2.2 Procedures and information required for inspecting and power
components assisted steering component and different types of suspension
system components are identified and sourced in line with
workplace requirements.
2.3 Inspection methods are implemented according to workplace
procedures and manufacturers’ specifications.
2.4 Inspection results are compared with manufacturers’
specifications and results are documented
2.5 Report is forwarded to appropriate personnel according to
workplace procedures.
3. Maintain and 3.1 Information required maintaining steering and suspension
reassemble system components are accessed and interpreted from
components manufacturers’ specifications.
3.2 Steering and suspension system components are maintained
using approved methods, equipment and materials, according
to manufacturers’ specifications.
3.3 All adjustments made during the Maintenance are
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 103 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 implemented in line with manufacturers’ specifications.
3.4 Unexpected or unplanned contingencies that are encountered
in maintain steering and suspension system components are
addressed through applying workplace procedures, previous
experience and manufacturers’ technical information.
3.5 Maintenance, assembly and final performance test is
conducted and results compared with manufacturers’
specifications.
4. Reinstall ,test and 4.1 Reinstallations of different type of steering and suspension
clean up complete system parts are completed in accordance with workplace
work area procedures.
4.2 Test for functionality of component and system is performed
in accordance to manufacture specifications.
4.3 Work area is cleared of waste, restored and secured in
accordance with workplace procedures.
4.4 Equipment used is cleaned, checked, maintained and stored in
accordance with workplace procedures.
4.5 Work completion details are finalised in accordance with
workplace procedures.
4.6 Parts/ vehicle is prepared for use and hand over

Variable Range
Types Steering system May include but not limited to:
 Light and heavy duty vehicles steering system
 mechanical,
 power -assisted and
 electronically controlled steering system
Suspension systems type May include but not limited to:
and components Type
 Mechanical, (Ridged axle leaf spring, Macpherson strut, Double
wishbone , Independent and dependent)
 pneumatic, rubber, air bag hydraulic, electrical electronic
suspension
system components
 Springs, rods, joints, bearings, Bushings, farm, shock absorber
Steering system May include but not limited to:
components  Steering wheel
 steering wheel column
 Steering gear
 pitman arm
 ball joints
 steering arm
 stub axle
 electric drive motor
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 104 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Power steering pump
 Pump pulley,
 rotary valve,
 belt
 valves and actuators
 Rack and pinion
 Power steering servos
 Power steering tanks
 Steering boxes
 Hose and fittings
 Steering universal joints and wheels
Maintenance Are to include but not limit the complete dismantling of
component parts, measuring and evaluation of wear, repair or
replacement parts comparable to original parts, the assembly of
parts, performance of functional testing and the completion of
records
WHS requirements  Are to be in accordance with legislation /regulations/ codes of
practice and enterprise safety policies and procedures. This may
include but not limited to : protective clothing and equipment,
use of tooling and equipment, workplace environment and
safety, handling of materials, use of fire fighting equipment,
enterprise first aid, hazard control and hazardous materials and
substances
Testing Is to confirm but not limited to:
 safety and efficiency
 stable handling, turning and steering
 no failure in the hydraulic steering system
 hydraulic fluid leakage
 Power steering pressure test
 Steering free play test
Safe operating procedures Are to include, but are not limited to:
 the conduct of operational risk assessment and treatments
associated with vehicular movement, electrical safety,
machinery movement and operation, manual and mechanical
lifting and shifting, working in proximity to others and site
visitors
Emergency procedures  Are to include, but are not limited to: emergency shutdown and
stopping of equipment, extinguishing fires, enterprise first aid
requirements and site evacuation
Environmental  Include but are not limited: to waste management, noise, dust
requirements and clean-up management
Quality requirements  Include, but are not limited to: regulations, including Ethiopian
Standards, internal company quality policy and standards and
enterprise operations and procedures
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 105 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Statutory/regulatory  May include Federal, State/Territory and local authorities
authorities administering acts, regulations and codes of practice
Tooling and equipment  May include but not limited to: hand tooling, power tooling,
specialist tooling for dismantling /assembling/ adjustment,
testing equipment, hydraulic pressure testers, multi-meters, test
lights and precision measurement tooling
Materials May include but not limited to:
 steering components, spare parts, lubricants and cleaning
materials
Communications include, but are not limited to:
 verbal and visual instructions and fault reporting and may
include site specific instructions, written instructions, plans or
instructions related to job/task, telephones and pagers
Information/documents May include but not limited to:
 verbal or written and graphical instructions, signage, work
schedules/plans/specifications, work bulletins, memos, material
safety data sheets, diagrams or sketches
 safe work procedures related to the overhaul of steering system
components
 regulatory/legislative requirements pertaining to the automotive
industry, including Ethiopian Design Rules
 engineer's design specifications and instructions
 organisation work specifications and requirements
 instructions issued by authorised enterprise or external persons

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills on:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Communicate effectively with others involved in or affected by
the work
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the circumstances
 Complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 Interpret test results
 Conduct the Maintenances in accordance with workplace and
manufacturer/component supplier requirements
 Complete overhaul of a range of significant steering and
suspension system components within workplace timeframes
Required knowledge and Must demonstrate knowledge on:
attitude  WHS regulations/requirements, equipment, material and
personal safety requirements
 Principles of gearing as applied to the steering and suspension
systems
 Apply principles of hydraulics systems as applied to steering
and suspension system
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 106 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Types and layout of service/repair manuals (hard copy and
electronic)
 Apply Steering and suspension systems Component
Maintenances procedures
 Use and handle Manual
 Enterprise quality procedures
 Work organisation and planning processes
Required skills Must demonstrate skills to:
 Interpretive skills sufficient to locate, interpret and apply
manufacturer/component supplier procedures, workplace
policies and procedures
 Analytical skills required for identification and analysis of
technical information
 Question and information gathering skills form customer to
solve the problem
 Communication skills sufficient to convey information and
concepts to customers
 Strategies solve Problem and Mathematical ideas and
techniques
 Use workplace technology related to the maintenances of
steering and suspension system components.
Resource Implication The following resources must be provided:
 workplace: real or simulated work area
 appropriate tools & equipment
 materials relevant to the activity
 manufacturer’s repair manual or related reference materials
Method of assessment Competence in this unit must be assessed through:
 Observation/demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Assessment may be conducted in the workplace or in a simulated
work environment.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 107 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level III
Unit Title Maintain Brake Systems
Unit Code EIS AUM3 07 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
carry out Maintenances of break system and components, on
mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, vacuum and power assisted,
and electric braking system components. The unit include
Prepare to Maintain, disassemble ,inspect, repair/replace and
Prepare vehicle for use or storage and handover

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare to Maintain 1.1 Nature and scope of the work requirements are identified
braking system and confirmed
1.2 WHS requirements, including individual State/Territory
regulatory requirements and personal protection needs are
observed throughout the work
1.3 Procedures and information such as workshop manuals,
specifications and tooling and equipment, are sourced
1.4 Method options are analyzed and those most appropriate to
the circumstances are selected and prepared
1.5 Technical and/or calibration requirements for Maintenances
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 108 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 are sourced and support equipment is identified and
prepared
1.6 Warnings in relation to working with stored energy as in
emergency braking actuators are observed
1.7 Dangers working with brake dust and preventative
measures are observed
2. Remove , disassemble 2.1 Information is accessed and interpreted from manufacturer/
and inspect component supplier specifications for different types of
components braking system
2.2 Braking system components are removed from vehicle,
disassembled and inspected using approved methods,
equipment and materials, in accordance with manufacturer/
component supplier specifications
2.3 2.3 Methods for inspection is implemented in accordance
with workplace procedures and manufacturer/component
supplier specifications
3. Maintain braking 3.1 Determination is made as to the serviceability of the
system components component
3.2 Failed pneumatic and hydraulic components are tagged
for rework
3.3 Maintenances of braking system components/ sub
assemblies is completed without causing damage to any
component or system
3.4 Observations on the performance of the component is
noted during maintenance
3.5 All braking systems component Maintenances activities are
carried out according to industry regulations/guidelines,
WHS legislation, legislation and enterprise
procedures/policies.
3.6 Documentation of observations are completed
4. Prepare brake 4.1 Inspection is made to ensure safety features are in place
components for use or 4.2 Final inspection is made to ensure work is to workplace
storage /handover expectations
4.3 Brake component is presented for use or stored to
workplace expectations
4.4 Job card is processed in accordance with workplace
procedures

Variable Range
Hydraulic system May include but not limited to brake system components it
components involves (dump truck damper , cranes, forklifts and other heavy
machinery components listed below)
 Reservoir ( hydraulic oil tank)
 Pump
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 109 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Hydraulic motor
 Hydraulic cylinder
 Pressure control valve
 Hoses
 Flow control valve
 Proportionate valve
 Accumulator
 piston
 Seal
Pneumatic system May include but not limited to:
components  Compressor
 Air reservoir
 Drive belt and pulley
 Control valves
 Distributer valve
 Hose
 Coupler
 Diaphragm and return spring
 Cam/lob
Tooling and equipment May include but not limited to:
 Mechanic tooling
 Hand-held power tooling
 Floor stands, workbench and air tooling
Type of Brake system Include but not limited to:
 Service brake ( hydraulic, pneumatic)
 Parking brake ( mechanical) pneumatic assisted) centre
brake
 Electric brake ( centre brake)
 Engine brake
 Multiple disc brake ( wait brake)
 Regenerative brake
Brake Components Are to include but not limited to:
 Master and Wheel cylinder
 Hydraulic lines and mechanical linkages
 Composite material brake pads
 Integrated brake and gear levers
 Brake Callipers
 Brake piston
 Power booster
 Brake reservoir
 Brake drums
 Brake shoes
 Brake pads
 Multiple disc
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 110 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Seals
 Control Valves in air
 Diaphragms and springs
 Brake speed/ Sensors,
 Couplers
 Brake modulator
Materials May include but not limited to:
 Consumables (rivet, fluid and friction materials)
 Cleaning materials
Testing Is to confirm:
 safety and efficiency
 stable braking
 check for functionality in the hydraulic braking system
 hydraulic brake fluid leakage
Information/documents  May include but not limited:
 verbal or written and graphical instructions, signage, work
schedules/plans/specifications, work bulletins, memos,
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), diagrams or sketches
 safe work procedures related to bicycle hydraulic braking
systems
 regulatory/legislative requirements pertaining to bicycle
safety
 engineer's design specifications and instructions
 organisation work specifications and requirements
 instructions issued by authorised enterprise or external
persons
WHS requirements May include but not limited:
 personal protective equipment and clothing
 safety equipment
 first aid equipment
 hazard and risk control
 elimination of hazardous materials and substances
 manual handling, including shifting, lifting and carrying
 emergency procedures
Legislative requirements May include but not limited:
 Industrial relations
 Standards
 Design rules
 Confidentiality and privacy
 WHS
 Environment
 Relevant industry codes of practice
Environmental May include but not limited:
requirements  Waste management
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 111 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Noise
 Dust
Quality requirements May include:
 Regulations, including Ethiopian standards
 Internal organisational quality policies and procedures
 Enterprise operations and procedures
Organisational policies and May include:
procedures  Quality policies and procedures, including Ethiopian
standards
 WHS, sustainability, environment, equal opportunity and
anti-discrimination
 Manufacturer specifications and industry codes of practice
 Safe work procedures
 Reporting and recording procedures

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills on:
Competence  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Communicate effectively with others involved in or
affected by the work
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 Complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 Conduct the maintenances of a range of braking system
components in accordance with workplace and
manufacturer/component supplier requirements
 Interpret test results
 Complete the work within workplace timeframes
 Presentation/storage of brake components in compliance
with workplace requirements
Required knowledge Must demonstrate knowledge on:
 WHS regulations/requirements, equipment, material and
personal safety requirements
 health hazards working with brake dust
 hydraulic and pneumatic principles
 operating principles of braking systems and their
components, including air compressors
 Maintenances procedures
 Test procedures
 Enterprise quality procedures
 Work organization and planning processes
Required skills Must demonstrate skills to:
 interpret and apply manufacturer procedures, workplace
policies and procedures
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 112 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  identify and analysis of brake failure
 restore brake failure in various type of brake
 Use mathematical ideas and techniques to calculate
time, braking distance , accurate measurements
 Apply problem-solving strategies
 Communication skill with customer in questioning
problem and gathering information
 Plan and organise skills to own work activities,
including making good use of time and resources,
sorting out priorities and monitoring own performance
 Use workplace technology related to the overhaul of
vehicle braking systems, including the use of specialist
tooling and equipment, measuring equipment,
computerized technology and communication devices
and reporting/documenting of results
Resource Implication The following resources must be provided:
 workplace: real or simulated work area
 appropriate tools & equipment including automotive
vehicle
 materials relevant to the activity
 manufacturer’s repair manual or related reference
materials
Method of assessment Competence in this unit must be assessed through:
 Observation
 Demonstration with Oral Questioning
 Oral questioning
Context of Assessment Assessment may be conducted in the workplace or in a
simulated work environment.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 113 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level III

Unit Title Maintain Two and Three Wheeler Vehicle Assemblies

Unit Code EIS AUM3 08 1221

Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to carry
out removing, dismantle, repair, adjust and replace engine and
power train system components of two and three wheeler vehicle.
This includes preparation for work, inspection and diagnosing,
overhauling and testing of functionalities of engine and power
train assemblies of two and three wheeler vehicle and preparation
for use / storage.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare for work 1.1 Work instructions are used to determine job requirements,
1.2 Including quality, material, equipment quantities and service
manuals based on working guideline.
1.3 Job specifications are read and interpreted following work
procedure.
1.4 OH&S requirements, including personal protection needs
are observed throughout the work according to Safety
procedures.
1.5 Electronic system protection devices, processes and
precautions are identified appropriate to the application.
1.6 Equipment and tools are identified and checked for safety
and correct operation based on work requirement.
1.7 Procedures are identified to minimise task time in line with
work place guideline.
2. Remove disassemble 2.1 Correct information is accessed and interpreted from
inspect two and three manufacturer’s specifications.
wheel vehicle system 2.2 Remove, disassembly and inspection procedures of two and
three wheeler vehicle systems are carried out according to
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 114 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 components manufacturer recommended procedures using tools and,
equipment and techniques.
2.3 Inspections are completed without causing damage to
component or system based on working manual.
2.4 Inspections results are used to diagnose system/component
faults in line with working manual.
2.5 Inspections are carried out according to industry
regulations/guidelines OH&S and enterprise/procedures
policies.
3. Overhauling of two 3.1 Service/repair requirements are determined according to
and three wheeler engine work requirement.
and power train assembly 3.2 Findings are restored in accordance with company
specification manual
3.3 Adjustment is mad in accordance to manufacture
specification
3.4 Correct information is accessed and interpreted from
Manufacturer specifications.
3.5 Overhauling requirements of engine and power train two
and three wheeler vehicle are carried out according to
manufacturer recommended specifications and procedures.
3.6 Overhauling /repair is completed without causing damage to
component or system following service manual.
3.7 Mechanical and Electric systems are tested and results are
documented in accordance with workplace policies and
procedures.
3.8 Maintained system functionality retest are carried out
according to industry regulations/guidelines, OH&S and
enterprise/ procedures policies.
3.9 Workplace and equipment documents are completed in
accordance with site requirements.
4. Make equipment ready 4.1 Material that can be reused is collected and stored based on
for use handover storage procedures.
4.2 Waste and scrap is removed according to workplace and
OH&S procedures..
4.3 Serviceable equipment is tagged and faults identified in
accordance with workplace procedures.
4.4 Operator maintenance is completed in accordance with
manufacturer specifications and site procedures.
4.5 Tools are stored in accordance with workplace procedures.

Variable Range
Occupational Health &  OH&S requirements are to be in accordance with Legislation/
Safety (OH&S): regulations/ codes of practice and enterprise safety policies and

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 115 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 procedures. This may include protective clothing and
equipment, use of tooling and equipment, workplace
environment and safety, handling of material, use of fire
fighting equipment, enterprise first aid, hazard control and
hazardous materials and substances
 Safe operating procedures are to include, but are not limited to
the conduct of operational risk assessment and treatments
associated with vehicular movement, toxic substances,
electrical safety, machinery movement and operation, manual
and mechanical lifting and shifting, working in proximity to
others and site visitors.
 Emergency procedures related to this unit are to include but
may not be limited to emergency shutdown and stopping of
equipment, extinguishing fires, enterprise first aid
requirements and site evacuation.
Tools and Equipment Tools and equipment may include but not limited to:
 Mechanic tools
 Measuring tools (filler gauge, micrometres , callipers)
 vice
 compressor
 Specialist tooling for removal/adjustments.
Engine May include but not limited to:
 Two stroke fuel system and diesel
 Four stroke fuel system and diesel
 Single cylinder fuel system and diesel
 Double cylinder fuel system and diesel
Two and three wheeler Include single/double cylinder
vehicle  Motor cycles
 Three wheeler passenger vehicle
 Three wheeler fright transport vehicle
 Three wheeler garbage truck
Components May include but not limited to:
 Cylinder head
 Valve train
 Connecting rod
 Crankshaft
 Carburettor ,fuel filter, fuel line ,air cleaner
 Mounting flange
 Camshaft
 Bearing
 Power transfer chain and sprocket
 Belt and pulley
 Piston and cylinder
 Multiple disc clutch …etc
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 116 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Evidence Guide Description
Critical aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
competency  Observe safety procedures and requirements
 Communicate effectively with others involved in or affected
by the work
 Select methods and techniques appropriate to the
circumstances
 Complete preparatory activity in a systematic manner
 interpret test results
 Conduct the Maintenances of a range of Two and three
wheeler in accordance with workplace and
manufacturer/component supplier requirements
 Complete the work within workplace timeframes
 Presentation/storage of brake components in compliance with
workplace requirements
 Service/repair two and three wheelers engine and power train
assembly and its components
 Cleaned up work area and maintain equipment
Required knowledge  OH&S regulations/requirement, equipment, material and
personal safety requirements.
 Operating principles of two and three wheelers engine and
power train assembly.
 Construction and operation of two and three wheelers engine
and power train assembly.
 Relationship to other vehicle system(s), including shared
components (e.g. piston crankshaft, clutch and transmission
components,).
 Testing, diagnosis and fault determination procedures.
 Servicing/ repairing, removal, replacement and adjustment
procedures relevant to application.
 Work organisation and planning processes
 Enterprise quality processes.
Required skills  Skill to restore brake failure in various type of brake
 Use mathematical ideas and techniques to calculate time,
braking distance , accurate measurements
 Apply problem-solving strategies
 Communication skill with customer in questioning problem
and gathering information
 Test system, diagnose faults and determine service/repair
requirement
 Clean up work area and maintain equipment
 Communication skill with customer in questioning problem
and gathering information
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 117 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Planning and organising skills to own work activities,
including making good use of time and resources, sorting out
priorities and monitoring own performance
Resource Implications Access to appropriate workplace where assessment can take place
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through
 Direct observation / Demonstration
 Oral Interview
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in a simulated work place setting or
in the work place (on the job through simulation).

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 118 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 NTQF LIV

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 119 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level IV
Unit Title Diagnose engine management systems
Unit Code EIS AUM4 01 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
perform fault diagnosis in automotive gasoline and diesel engines
management in order to initiate action to service, repair, replace
or improve performance. Faults may be mechanical, electrical,
and electronic or fuel related by nature that require the
application of complex diagnostic processes.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify and confirm 1.1 Workplace instructions and compliant reports are used to
the work requirement determine the nature and scope of system diagnosis
1.2 Specifications for correct operation of petrol and diesel
engines’ management systems are accessed and interpreted
1.3 Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements,
including equipment, system isolation and personal
protection needs, are observed throughout the work
1.4 systemic deficiencies, discrepancies or faults on engine
management operation performance are identified and
confirmed from indirect or direct evidence
1.5 Possible safety impacts of the work are considered and
responded according to regulatory and workplace
procedures
2. Prepare to perform 2.1 Criteria for diagnosis are developed and adopted to meet the
diagnosis objective of the work
2.2 System performance achievements or discrepancies are
identified from analysis of technical support information and
available on-board diagnostic systems
2.3 Diagnostic test methods and sequences are selected from
the range of available options
2.4 Testing equipment is prepared for application according to
manufacturer, component supplier and workplace
requirements
2.5 Tools and materials required to support the diagnostic
process are identified and prepared for use
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 120 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 3. Apply complex 3.1 Selected diagnostic processes are followed according to
diagnostic process specifications and workplace procedures
3.2 Testing is carried out according to workplace procedures
and manufacturer and component supplier specifications
3.3 Findings are verified by using reliable alternative or optional
processes
3.4 Conclusions are drawn from findings and documented
according to workplace requirements
3.5 Detailed information of diagnostic findings is provided to
the responsible person in charge of repairing

Variable Range
Workplace Health and It may include:
Safety (WHS)  prescribed under legislation, regulations, codes of practice,
and workplace policies and procedures such as
 protective clothing and equipment
 use of tools and equipment
 handling of material
 use of fire-fighting equipment
 first aid equipment
 Hazard control including hazardous materials and toxic
substances.
Faults The symptoms indicating faults may include:
 Hard start/long crank (due to failure in starting, fuel, Ignition,
intake air, exhaust , PCV (Positive crankcase ventilation) ,
EVAP (Evaporative emissions purge actuator) systems; MAF
(Mass air flow) Sensor and computer; fuel contamination,
flow restriction, low pressure, leakage)
 No Crank : (due to failure in anti-theft devices, base engine
components and starting system)
 No Start (Engine cranks): (due to failure in anti-theft devices,
fuel, ignition, intake air, exhaust system, computer and base
engine)
 Slow Return to Idle: (due to failure in vacuum leaks, throttle
Body and intake air system Leaks)
 Fast Idle or runs on: (due to failure in base engine, fuel,
ignition, intake air and electronic control systems)
 Low/slow idle or stalls/quits during deceleration: (due to
failure in base engine, , fuel, ignition, intake air, electronic
control and automatic transmission systems)

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 121 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Backfires : (due to failure in base engine, secondary ignition,
fuel delivery and exhaust systems)
 Lack or Loss of power: (due to failure in base engine, , fuel,
ignition, intake air, exhaust , brake electronic control and
automatic transmission, supercharger/ turbo charger System)
 Spark knock : (due to failure in base engine, , fuel, ignition,
intake air, electronic control System)
 Poor Fuel Economy: (due to failure in base engine, , fuel,
ignition, intake air, exhaust , brake electronic control and
automatic transmission, steering and suspension System)
Tests/inspection May include:
 Component wear analysis, compression testing, cylinder
leakage, engine performance analysis, exhaust gas sampling,
oil consumption analysis, oil pressure testing, temperature and
engine vacuum measurement.
 Analysis of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and system live
data
 Wiring and connector integrity, operation and specification of
input and output devices, controlling electronic components
and computers, data interpretation and readings related to
direct, indirect and intermittent causes
 Digital multi-meter checks of sensors and output devices
 Lab Scope checks to monitor sensor and actuator action by
using lab scope or a graphing multi-meter.
 Engine mechanical systems testing
 Road test
Testing equipment May include:
 Compression testers, Cylinder leakage tester, scan tools,
cooling system analyser, exhaust gas analysers, oscilloscope,
fuel pressure gauges, stethoscope, temperature gauges,
tachometer, timing lights, vacuum gauges and leak detectors,
barometers, Computer memory saver, Multi-meters, graphing
multi-meter, injector balance tester, spark tester, Engine
analyser
 Manufacturer/component supplier testing equipment
Diagnostic processes May include:
 Analysing manufacturer/component supplier specifications,
schematics and operational procedures related to gasoline and
diesel engine management systems
 Six-step troubleshooting plan
 Discover-investigate-fix methodology
 Diagnostic flow chart
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 122 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Black box diagnosis

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills required to:
Competence  Interpret workplace instructions and locate and apply
information
 Apply safety requirements, including the use of personal
protective equipment
 Identify and select appropriate diagnosis processes to be
performed
 Complete diagnosis of faults on a minimum of two (i.e.
gasoline and diesel ) engine management systems with real or
simulated faults
 Document and report outcomes and required actions against
diagnosed faults
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Attitudes  Concepts and principles of gasoline and diesel engine
management systems
 Gasoline EFI, Electronic spark advance
 Operational Modes of gasoline fuel injection and fuel trim
 Types of gasoline injection systems
 Gasoline Direct-Injection Systems
 Diesel Engine Control Systems, common rail injection,
 Evaporative Emission Control Systems
 Electronically controlled PCV Systems
 EGR Systems
 Air and/or ammonia Injection Systems
 Diagnostic theory, including concept, design and planning
 Operations and limitations of diagnostic testing equipment
related engine management systems
 Testing procedures of engine management systems including
accessing and interpreting scan tool system data
 Methods and processes for documenting and reporting
diagnostic findings and recommendations.
Required Skills Demonstrates skill to:
 Communication skills:- to communicate ideas and
information to enable confirmation of work requirements and
specifications, coordination of work with site supervisor,
other workers and customers, reporting of work outcomes and
completion of regulatory, commercial and vehicle information
systems inputs
 Numeracy skills:- to use mathematical ideas and techniques to
complete measurements, calculate requirements, and present
results of diagnosis

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 123 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Planning and organising skills:- to conclude diagnostic
processes which anticipate and allow for risks, cater for both
direct and indirect evidence and avoid or minimise reworking
and avoid wastage
 Problem-solving skills:- to use available information to
contribute to decision making strategies for solving complex
problems as they relate to engine management systems
 Self-management skills:- to plan and organise activities,
including the planning of analytical processes, preparation of
the worksite and the obtaining of testing equipment and
materials to avoid backtracking, workflow interruptions or
wastage
 Technical skills:- to use workplace tools relating to engine
management systems including the use of:
 Specialised tools and equipment
 Measuring equipment
 Use workplace technology related to systems diagnosis,
information survey and management systems.
Resources Implication  Workplace or fully equipped location with necessary tools
and equipment as well as consumable materials
Assessment Methods Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written exam
 Observation / Demonstration
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the workplace or in simulated
work.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level IV

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 124 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Unit Title Diagnose Power train Management System
Unit Code EIS AUM4 02 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
diagnose faults in power train management systems in order to
initiate action to service, repair, replace or improve performance.
Faults may be mechanical, electrical, and electronic or fuel
related by nature that require the application of diagnostic
processes.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify and confirm 1.1 Workplace instructions and compliant reports are used to
the work requirement determine the nature and scope of system diagnosis
1.2 Specifications for correctly functioning power train
management system are accessed and interpreted
1.3 Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements,
including equipment, system isolation and personal
protection needs, are observed throughout the work
1.4 systemic deficiencies, discrepancies or faults on engine
management operation performance are identified and
confirmed from indirect or direct evidence
1.5 Possible safety impacts of the work are considered and
responded according to OHS procedures
2. Prepare to diagnose 2.1 Criteria for diagnosis are developed and adopted to meet the
faults objective of the work
2.2 System performance achievements or discrepancies are
identified from analysis of technical support information
and available on-board diagnostic systems
2.3 Correct information is accessed and interpreted from
appropriate manufacturer specifications and manual
2.4 Diagnostic test methods and sequences are selected from
the range of available options
2.5 Testing equipment is prepared for application according to
manufacturer, component supplier and workplace
requirements
2.6 Tools and materials required to support the diagnostic
process are identified and prepared for use
3. Apply diagnostic 3.1 Selected diagnostic processes are followed according to
process specifications and workplace procedures
3.2 Testing is carried out according to workplace procedures
and manufacturer and component supplier specifications
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 125 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 3.3 Findings are verified by using reliable alternative or optional
processes
3.4 Conclusions are drawn from findings and documented
according to workplace requirements
3.5 Detailed information of diagnostic findings is provided to
the responsible person in charge of repairing
3.6 Company standard operating procedures are observed
throughout the work
3.7 Tools and equipment are cleaned and stored following
safety and standard procedures

Variable Range
Power train management May include:
systems  Electronically controlled automatic transmissions
 Transmission Control Module,
 Inputs and outputs
 Limp-In Mode and Operational Modes,
 Manual Shifting and Continuously Variable
Transmission (CVT) Controls
 Adaptive Controls,
 Hybrid Transmissions,
 Two-Mode Transmissions,
 Converter Clutch Control,
 Hydraulic and Vacuum Control Systems
 Electronically controlled driveline systems
 Automatic all-wheel drive (AWD), AWD Hybrids
 Control braking Systems,
 Power Transfer (Take-off) Units,
 automatic freewheeling hubs,
 differential and axle Locking Hubs,
 Torque Vectoring,
 Active Differential Systems,
 Inter-axle (Centre) differential
Company standard Include but not limited to:
operating procedures  Job order
 Requisition slip
 Organization protocols
OHS procedures May include:
 Industry Safety and Health in handling electronic devices
including their disposal
 Proper handling of consumable materials
 Proper use of tools and equipment
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 126 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Proper handling of vehicle
 Environmental protection
 Use of proper working attire / wearing of personal protective
equipment such as: apron, safety shoes, gloves, goggles
Tools and equipment May include:
 Hand tools, vehicle lifting equipment, testing equipment
including multimeter
 Power tools, air tools, special tools for removal/adjustment
 Specialized system testers
 May include:
 scan tools, oscilloscope, pressure gauges, temperature
gauges, tachometer, vacuum gauges and leak detectors,
barometers, Computer memory saver, Multi-meters,
graphing multi-meter,
 Manufacturer/component supplier testing equipment

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills required to:
Competence  Test electronic power train management systems and
identified faults
 Inspect electronic power train management systems
 Complete diagnosis of faults on Electronically controlled
transmission and drive line management systems with real or
simulated faults
Required Knowledge and Demonstrate knowledge and attitude of:
Attitudes  OHS legislation
 Construction and operation of power train management
systems/components relevant to application
 Personal safety requirements
 Vehicle/equipment safety requirements
 Positive Work Values (Patience, Perseverance, Honesty, etc)
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
 Diagnosis procedures
 Read/Interpret schematic diagram
 Use mathematical ideas and techniques
 Solve problems
Resource implications The following resources must be provided:
 Workplace and simulator
 Appropriate tools and equipment
 Materials relevant to the proposed activity and tasks
Assessment Methods Competency must be assessed through:
 Written examination
 Observation/Demonstration with Questioning
Context of Assessment Competency must be assessed on the job or simulated
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 127 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 environment.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level IV

Unit Title Diagnose Under Chassis Management Systems
Unit Code EIS AUM4 03 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
diagnose faults in automotive braking, traction, integrated
stability control, steering and suspension systems in order to
initiate action to service, repair, replace or improve performance.
Faults may be mechanical, electrical, and electronic or fuel
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 128 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 related by nature that require the application of diagnostic
processes.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify and confirm 1.1 Workplace instructions and compliant reports are used to
the work requirement determine the nature and scope of system diagnosis
1.2 Specifications for correctly functioning under chassis
management system are accessed and interpreted
1.3 Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements,
including equipment, system isolation and personal
protection needs, are observed throughout the work
1.4 systemic deficiencies, discrepancies or faults on under
chassis management operation performance are identified
and confirmed from indirect or direct evidence
1.5 Possible safety impacts of the work are considered and
responded according to OHS procedures
2. Prepare to perform 2.1 Criteria for diagnosis are developed and adopted to meet the
diagnosis objective of the work
2.2 System performance achievements or discrepancies are
identified from analysis of technical support information and
available on-board diagnostic systems
2.3 Correct information is accessed and interpreted from
appropriate manufacturer specifications and manual
2.4 Diagnostic test methods and sequences are selected from
the range of available options
2.5 Testing equipment is prepared for application according to
manufacturer, component supplier and workplace
requirements
2.6 Tools and materials required to support the diagnostic
process are identified and prepared for use
[Link] complex 3.1 Selected diagnostic processes are followed according to
diagnostic process specifications and workplace procedures
3.2 Testing is carried out according to workplace procedures
and manufacturer and component supplier specifications
3.3 Findings are verified by using reliable alternative or optional
processes
3.4 Conclusions are drawn from findings and documented
according to workplace requirements

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 129 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 3.5 Detailed information of diagnostic findings is provided to
the responsible person in charge of repairing
3.6 Company standard operating procedures are observed
throughout the work
3.7 Tools and equipment are cleaned and stored following
safety and standard procedures

Variable Range
WHS May include:
 protective clothing and equipment
 use of tools and equipment
 handling of material
 use of fire-fighting equipment
 first aid equipment
 Hazard control, including hazardous materials and toxic
substances.
under chassis management May include
system  Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) control module, electro-
hydraulic modulator, two and three- position solenoid
actuator , brake pressure sensor, Wheel Speed Sensor (WSS)
 ABS Types:-
 One channel
 Two channel
 Three channel
 Four channel
 Stability Control System inputs and out puts including wheel
speed sensors, steering angle sensor, lateral acceleration
sensor and yaw sensors
 Traction control system inputs and outputs including, throttle
position sensor, brake pressure sensor, throttle position (TP)
sensor, wheel speed sensor (WSS), engine speed (RPM) and
transmission range switch
 Active air suspension system including air compressor and
Control relay, exhaust valve and solenoid, Brake pressure
switches , manual control switches, suspension service
switches, door switches, air drier, Air lines and fittings, air
springs and Air shock absorbers
 Electronically controlled Suspension Types
 Adaptive Suspensions
 Active Suspensions
 Electronically controlled Steering Type
 A rotary valve electronic power-steering
 Magna Steer:
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 130 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Electric/Electronic Rack and Pinion System
 Column Mounted Power Assist
 Steer-by-Wire System
Faults May include:
 Indirect faults caused by the influence of external systems
(electrical and electronic) which may or may not be faulty in
their primary operations
 Direct faults in input sensors, output actuators, wiring
harness, computer systems, calibration/adjustment
specifications
 Mechanical and hydraulic system faults.
 Electrical and electronic failures in
stability/steering/suspension/braking systems
 Indirect faults caused by the influence of external systems
(electrical and electronic) which may or may not be faulty in
their primary operations
 Adjustment/calibration deviation from manufacturer’s
specifications
Tests may include:
 Wiring and connector integrity, operation and specification of
input and output devices, controlling electronic components
and computers
 Data interpretation and readings related to direct, indirect and
intermittent causes
 ABS control module, sensors and actuators
 Stability Control System inputs and out puts
 Traction control system inputs and outputs
 Active air suspension system including
 Electronically controlled steering system
On-road braking efficiency testing
Testing equipment May include:
 Decelerometer or brake test meter
 Brake fluid tester
 ABS sensor tester
 Analogue and digital multi-meters, lab oscilloscopes, scan
tools, test lights and test LEDs
 Pulse generators
 Manufacturer/component supplier testing equipment.
 Shock absorber dynamometer
Diagnostic processes May include:
 Analysing manufacturer/component supplier specifications,
schematics and operational procedures related to braking
systems, integrated stability control systems, steering and
suspension systems
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 131 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Six-step troubleshooting plan
 Discover-investigate-fix methodology.
 Diagnostic flow chart
 Black box diagnosis

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Must demonstrate knowledge and skills required to:
Competence  Interpret workplace instructions and locate and apply
information
 Apply safety requirements, including the use of personal
protective equipment
 Identify and select appropriate diagnosis processes to be
performed
 Complete diagnosis of faults on ABS, traction, suspension ,
steering and integrated stability systems with real or
simulated faults
 Document and report outcomes and required actions of
diagnosis of complex faults in under chassis management
system.
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Attitudes  Concepts and principles of mechanical, hydraulic, electrical
and electronic systems related to automotive electronically
controlled brake, integrated stability, traction, steering and
suspension systems
 Types, functions, and operations of ABS, traction, integrated
stability, steering and suspension systems and components,
 Diagnostic theory, including concept, design and planning
 Types, functions, operations and limitations of diagnostic
testing equipment related to under chassis management
systems
 Testing procedures for braking systems, integrated stability
system, steering and suspension systems including accessing
and interpreting scan tool system data
 Methods and processes for documenting and reporting
diagnostic findings and recommendations.
Required Skills Demonstrates skill to:
 Communication skills: to communicate ideas and information
to enable confirmation of work requirements and
specifications, coordination of work with site supervisor,
other workers and customers, reporting of work outcomes and
completion of regulatory, commercial and vehicle information
systems inputs
 Numeracy skills :to use mathematical ideas and techniques to
complete measurements, calculate requirements, and present

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 132 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 results of diagnosis
 Planning and organising skills to conclude complex
diagnostic processes which anticipate and allow for risks,
cater for both direct and indirect evidence and avoid or
minimise reworking and avoid wastage
 Problem-solving skills :to use available information to
contribute to decision making strategies for solving complex
problems as they relate to light -heavy vehicle braking
systems, integrated stability control systems, steering and
suspension systems
 Self-management skills: to plan and organise activities,
including the planning of analytical processes, preparation of
the worksite and the obtaining of testing equipment and
materials to avoid backtracking, workflow interruptions or
wastage
 Technical skills :to use workplace tools relating to the
complex diagnosis of braking systems, integrated stability
control systems, steering and suspension systems including
specialized tools and measuring equipment
Resources Implication Workplace or fully equipped location with necessary tools and
equipment as well as consumable materials
Assessment Methods Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written exam
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the workplace or in simulated
work.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 133 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level IV
Unit Title Manage Automotive Workshop and servicing Operations
Unit Code EIS AUM4 04 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
develop and monitor the implementation of the operational plan
to provide efficient and effective workplace practices within the
organization’s productivity and profitability plans. Management
at a strategic level requires systems and procedures to be
developed and implemented to facilitate the organization’s
operational plan.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Develop operational 1.1 Resource requirements are researched, analyzed and
plan documented and an operational plan is developed and/or
implemented in consultation with relevant personnel,
colleagues and specialist resource managers
1.2 Consultation processes are developed and/or implemented
as an integral part of the operational planning process
1.3 Operational plans are developed to contribute to the
achievement of the organization’s performance/business
plan
1.4 Details of the operational plan include the development of
key performance indicators to measure organizational
performance
1.5 Contingency plans are developed and implemented at
appropriate stages of operational planning
1.6 The development and presentation of proposals for resource
requirements are assisted by a variety of information
sources, and specialist advice is sought as required
2. Plan and manage 2.1 Strategies are developed and implemented to ensure that
resource acquisition employees are recruited and/or inducted within the
organization’s human resource management policies and
practices
2.2 Strategies are developed and implemented to ensure that
physical resources and services are acquired in accordance
with the organization’s policies, practices and procedures
3. Monitor and review 3.1 Performance systems and processes are developed,
operations monitored and reviewed to assess progress in achieving
profit and productivity plans and targets
3.2 Budget and actual financial information is analyzed and
interpreted to monitor and review profit and productivity
performance

Ministry of Labour3.3
and Areas of underperformance are identified,
Automotive Mechanics solutionsVersion 3
Page 134 of 41
Skill Copyright recommended, andOccupational
Ethiopian prompt action is taken
Standard to rectify the 2021
December
situation
3.4 Systems are planned and implemented to ensure that
mentoring and coaching are provided to support individuals
 Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level V
Unit Title Develop and apply vehicle Mechanical System Modifications
Unit Code EIS AUM5 01 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
analyze, develop, apply and validate significant modifications to
existing mechanical systems in order to vary or enhance
performance. This includes the preparation and application of
specifications and processes complying with safety, legal and
commercial obligations.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify and confirm 1.1 OHS requirements, including regulatory requirements,
modification equipment and system isolation requirements and personal
requirements protection needs are observed throughout the work based on
guidelines.
1.2 Purpose and objectives of the modification are identified
from an analysis of inputs and confirmed with the customer
according to pre-set requirement.
1.3 Outline options for achieving the required purpose and
objectives are identified, framed and presented to the
customer prior to proceeding following needs of enterprise.
1.4 Possible legal and safety impacts of the modification are
considered and responded to in accordance with regulatory
and enterprise obligations and practices.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 135 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 2. Develop and validate 2.1 Benchmark specifications for the existing mechanical system
modification are accessed and interpreted according to guideline.
specifications
2.2 Criteria to be used in the selection of the modification
method and in the evaluation of the outcomes are identified
and documented based on manuals/specification.
2.3 Proposed modification method is selected following the
identification, consideration and evaluation of the full range
of available and options.
2.4 Selected option including material choices and processes is
developed in detail and progressively validated against the
established criteria.
2.5 Modification specification is documented to industry and
enterprise standards according to workplace guideline.
3. Apply and test 3.1 Selected modification method and process is followed in
modification accordance with the established specifications
3.2 Modification is completed using equipment, tooling and
materials in accordance with accepted industry standards and
practices
3.3 Tests and testing equipment are applied in accordance with
regulatory requirements, manufacturer/component supplier
specifications and modification specification.
3.4 Test results and other diagnostic findings are verified, if
necessary, by using reliable alternate or optional processes
based on criteria.
3.5 Variations necessitated during the modification process or as
a result of testing are incorporated into the modification
specification following working formats.
3.6 Information and detail related to the modification is
documented and provided to the appropriate parties in
accordance with regulatory and commercial obligations.
4. Clean up work area 4.1 Materials that can be reused is collected and stored based on
and maintain guideline.
equipment
4.2 Testing equipment and other support materials are cleaned,
maintained and prepared ready for further use or stored in
accordance with manufacturer/component supplier
specifications and enterprise requirements.
4.3 Waste and scrap is removed following workplace procedures.
4.4 Unserviceable equipment is tagged and faults identified in

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 136 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 accordance with workplace procedures.
4.5 Equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected for
serviceable condition in accordance with workplace
procedures.

Variables Range
Mechanical modifications Significant and non-routine mechanical modifications :
covered  adapt or modify the mechanical system(s) of vehicles/plant to
a significantly changed capability
 adapt vehicles/plant mechanical systems for different working
conditions, for example high altitude or underground mine
 modify or install a significant mechanical system(s) for a
special purpose vehicle in preparation for vehicle registration
 Inputs to the modification method and processes may be
obtained from customer requirements, manufacturer/
component supplier specifications, outcomes of diagnostic
processes or from regulatory, licensing and intellectual
property legislation, safety requirements and available
Ethiopian design rules
Occupational health and include that prescribed under legislation, regulations and
safety enterprise policies and practices
Tools and Equipment include that appropriate to the modification being carried out but
it should include computer-based diagnostic systems

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge competencies to:
Competence  Interpret work order and locate and apply information
 Apply safety requirements, including the isolation of
equipment and use of personal protective equipment
 Follow work instructions, operating procedures and inspection
processes to:
 Modify a significant mechanical system or sub-system.
 selection, development and documenting of success factors
and evaluation criteria before undertaking the modification
 develop and validation of the modification methodology,
processes and specifications
 the application of the modification specification (methodology
and process) and the documenting and reporting of the
outcomes
 work effectively with others
 modify activities to cater for variations in workplace context
and environment
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 137 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Attitudes  Electrical theory covering voltage, current, resistance, power,
magnetism and inductance (including semi-conductors and
electronic system applications)
 Mechanical theory covering the concepts and principles of
mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic systems
 The types, functions, operations and limitations of the main
automotive industry mechanical system
 Automotive digital computing systems
 The types, functions, operations and limitations of diagnostic
testing equipment
 The methods and processes for documenting and reporting
modification specifications and outcomes
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
 Identifying and clarifying modification requirements and
specifications
 Developing and validating modification specifications
 Applying and testing modification specifications
 Maintaining tools and equipment
 Performing housekeeping
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 138 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Occupational Standard Automotive Mechanics Level V
Unit Title Develop and apply Vehicle Hydraulic System Modifications
Unit Code EIS AUM5 02 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
analyze, develop, apply and validate significant modifications to
existing hydraulic systems in order to vary or enhance
performance. It involves identifying the modification
requirement, developing the modification specifications, applying
and testing the modification, and completing workplace processes
and documentation.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Identify and confirm 1.1 OHS requirements, including regulatory requirements,
modification equipment and system isolation requirements and personal
requirements protection needs are observed throughout the work
1.2 Purpose and objectives of the modification are identified
from an analysis of inputs and confirmed with the customer
according to pre-set requirements.
1.3 Outline options for achieving the required purpose and
objectives are identified, framed and presented to the
customer prior to proceeding in line with needs of
enterprise.
1.4 Hazards associated with the work are identified and risks are
managed
1.5 Possible legal and safety impacts of the modification are
considered and responded to in accordance with regulatory
and enterprise obligations and practices.
2. Develop and validate 2.1 Benchmark specifications for the existing hydraulic system
modification are accessed and interpreted based on guideline.
specifications
2.2 Criteria to be used in the selection of the modification
document
method and in the evaluation of the outcomes are identified
and documented
2.3 Proposed modification method is selected following the
identification, consideration and evaluation of the full range
of available and relevant options
2.4 Selected option, including material choices and processes, is
developed in detail and progressively validated against the
established criteria.
2.5 Modification specification is documented to industry and
enterprise standards.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 139 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 3. Apply and test 3.1 Selected modification method and Tools, test equipment and
modification materials required to support the modification procedure are
specifications identified, selected and prepared for use
3.2 Modification is completed using equipment, tooling and
materials in accordance with accepted industry standards
and practices
3.3 Tests and testing equipment are applied
3.4 Post-modification testing is carried out according to
workplace procedures to confirm modification outcomes are
as intended, and any problems detected as having been
introduced during the modification process are rectified
3.5 Test results and other diagnostic findings are verified, as
required, by using reliable alternative or optional processes
3.6 Variations needed during the modification process or as a
result of testing are incorporated into the modification
specification
3.7 Information and detail relating to the modification are
documented and provided to the appropriate parties
according to regulatory and commercial obligations
4. Clean up work area 4.1 Materials that can be reused is collected and stored
and maintain following guide line.
equipment
4.2 Testing equipment and other support materials are cleaned,
maintained and prepared ready for further use or stored in
accordance with manufacturer/component supplier
specifications and enterprise requirements.
4.3 Waste and scrap is removed following workplace
procedures
4.4 Unserviceable equipment is tagged and faults identified in
accordance with workplace procedures.
4.5 Equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected for
serviceable condition in accordance with workplace
procedures.
4.1 Final inspection is made to ensure work is to workplace
expectations
4.2 Work area is cleaned, waste and non-recyclable materials are
disposed of, and recyclable material is collected
4.3 Tools and equipment are checked and stored according to
workplace procedures

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 140 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Variables Range
Hydraulic modifications May include:
 Significant and non-routine hydraulic modifications which
may include:
 adapt or modify the hydraulic system(s) of vehicles/plant to a
significantly changed capability
 adapt vehicles/plant hydraulic systems for different working
conditions, for example high altitude or underground mine
 modify or install a significant hydraulic system(s) for a
special purpose vehicle in preparation for vehicle registration
 Inputs to the modification method and processes may be
obtained from customer requirements, manufacturer/
component supplier specifications, outcomes of diagnostic
processes, or from regulatory, licensing and intellectual
property legislation, safety requirements and available
Ethiopian design rules
Tools and equipment Tests and testing equipment is to include that appropriate
to the modification being carried out but it should include
computer-based diagnostic systems

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge competencies to:
Competence  Interpret work order and locate and apply information
 Apply safety requirements, including the isolation of
equipment and use of personal protective equipment
 Follow work instructions, operating procedures and inspection
processes to:
 maintain required production output and product quality
 Modify a significant hydraulic system or sub-system,
including:
 the selection, development and documenting of success
factors and evaluation criteria before undertaking the
modification
 selection, development and validation of the modification
methodology, processes and specification.
 application of the modification specification (methodology
and process), and documenting and reporting of outcomes
 work effectively with others
 modify activities to cater for variations in workplace context
and environment
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Attitudes  work health and safety (WHS) and occupational health and
safety (OHS) requirements relating to developing and
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 141 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 applying hydraulic system modifications, including
procedures for dealing with high pressure fluid systems
 environmental requirements, including procedures for
trapping, storing and disposing of fluids released from
hydraulic systems
 principles and processes involved in planning and
implementing modifications to hydraulic systems
 types, functions, operation and limitations of diagnostic
testing equipment required for hydraulic system
modifications, including flow and pressure gauges
system modifications
 The methods and processes for documenting and reporting
modification specifications and outcomes
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Identify and clarify modification requirements and
specifications
 Develop and validate modification specifications
 Apply and test modification specifications
 Maintain tools and equipment
 Perform housekeeping
 Locate and evaluate appropriate sources of information.
 Research, organize and interpret technical information from
manufacturer and workshop literature when seeking hydraulic
system specifications and procedures.
 measure hydraulic system components to calculate tolerances
and deviations from manufacturer specifications
 interpret precision measuring equipment and test equipment
units and scales
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level V

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 142 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Unit Title Develop and Apply Vehicle Pneumatic System Modifications
Unit Code EIS AUM5 03 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
analyze, develop, apply and validate significant modifications to
existing pneumatic systems in order to vary or enhance
performance. This includes the preparation and application of
specifications and processes complying with safety, legal and
commercial obligations.

Element Performance Criteria

1. Identify and confirm 1.1 OHS requirements, including regulatory requirements,
modification equipment and system isolation requirements and personal
requirement protection needs are observed throughout the work based on
work place procedures.
1.2 Purpose and objectives of the modification are identified
from an analysis of inputs and confirmed with the customer
in line with requirements.
1.3 Outline options for achieving the required purpose and
objectives are identified, framed and presented to the
customer prior to proceeding according to needs of
enterprise.
1.4 Possible legal and safety impacts of the modification are
considered and responded to in accordance with regulatory
and enterprise obligations and practices.
2. Develop and validate 2.1 Benchmark specifications for the existing pneumatic system
modification are accessed and interpreted based on guideline.
specification
2.2 Criteria to be used in the selection of the modification
method and in the evaluation of the outcomes are identified
and documented following manuals/specifications.
2.3 Proposed modification method is selected following the
identification, consideration and evaluation of the full range
of available and relevant options
2.4 Selected option including material choices and processes is
developed in detail and progressively validated against the
established criteria
2.5 Modification specification is documented to industry and
enterprise standards based on guideline.
3. Apply and test 3.1 Selected modification method and process is followed in
modification accordance with the established specifications
specification
3.2 Modification is completed using equipment, tooling and
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 143 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 materials in accordance with accepted industry standards and
practices
3.3 Tests and testing equipment are applied in accordance with
regulatory requirements, manufacturer/component supplier
specifications and modification specification
3.4 Test results and other diagnostic findings are verified, if
necessary, by using reliable alternate or optional processes
based on criteria.
3.5 Variations necessitated during the modification process or as
a result of testing are incorporated into the modification
specification following working format.
3.6 Information and detail related to the modification is
documented and provided to the appropriate parties in
accordance with regulatory and commercial obligations.
4. Clean up work area 4.1 Materials that can be reused are collected and stored based
and maintain on working procedures.
equipment
4.2 Testing equipment and other support materials are cleaned,
maintained and prepared ready for further use or stored in
accordance with manufacturer/component supplier
specifications and enterprise requirements.
4.3 Waste and scrap is removed following workplace procedures
4.4 Unserviceable equipment is tagged and faults identified in
accordance with workplace procedure.
4.5 Equipment and work area are cleaned and inspected for
serviceable condition in accordance with workplace
procedures

Variables Range
Occupational health May include:
 Legislation
 vehicle industry regulations
 safety management systems
 hazardous substances and dangerous goods code and safe
operating procedures
 Personal protective equipment is to include as prescribed under
legislation, regulations and enterprise policies and practices
Tools and equipment  Tests and testing equipment is to include that appropriate to the
modification being carried out but it should include computer-
based diagnostic systems
 PPE include that prescribed under legislation, regulations and

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 144 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 enterprise policies and practices

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge competencies to:
Assessment  Interpret work order and locate and apply information
 Apply safety requirements, including the isolation of equipment
and use of personal protective equipment
 Follow work instructions, operating procedures and inspection
processes to:
 Modify a significant pneumatic system or sub-system
including:
 selection, development and documenting of success factors
and evaluation criteria before undertaking the modification
 selection, development and validation of the modification
methodology, processes and specification
 the application of the modification specification
(methodology and process)
 documenting and reporting of the outcomes
 work effectively with others
 modify activities to cater for variations in workplace context
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Attitudes  Electrical theory covering voltage, current, resistance, power,
magnetism and inductance (including semi-conductors and
electronic system applications)
 Pneumatic theory covering the concepts and principles of
pneumatic, pneumatic and pneumatic systems
 Detailed knowledge of the types, functions, operations and
limitations of the main automotive industry pneumatic systems
 General knowledge of automotive digital computing systems
 Detailed knowledge of the types, functions, operations and
limitations of diagnostic testing equipment
 General knowledge of the methods and processes for
documenting and reporting modification specs and outcomes
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Identify and clarify modification specifications
 Develop and validate modification specifications
 Apply and test modification specifications
 Maintain tools and equipment and performing housekeeping
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 145 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level V

Perform Accident Analysis and Implement Restoring
Unit Title
Options
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 146 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Unit Code EIS AUM5 04 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
Perform accident analysis & Implement Restoring options
practices and processes as part of the organization’s overall
management system.

Element Performance Criteria

1. Identify and confirm 1.1 Workplace instructions and reports are used to determine
the work requirement the nature and objective of accident analysis requirements
1.2 Specifications and procedures for accident analysis are
accessed and interpreted
1.3 Workplace Health and Safety (WHS) requirements,
including equipment and system isolation and personal
protection needs, are observed and addressed throughout
the work
1.4 Effects of impacts or expected damages on accidents are
identified and confirmed from indirect or direct evidence
1.5 Possible safety impacts of the work are considered and
responded to according to regulatory and workplace
procedures
2. Prepare to perform 2.1 Criteria for accident analysis are developed and adopted to
analysis meet the objective of the work
2.2 System performance achievements or discrepancies are
identified from scrutiny of technical support information
and available on-board diagnostic systems
2.3 Accident analysis methods, including complexity of
diagnostic process, sequence, tests and testing process are
identified and selected from the range of available options
2.4 Tools and materials required to support the analysis
process are identified, selected and prepared for use
3. Apply complex 3.1 Selected analysis procedures are followed according to
analysis procedures specifications and workplace procedures
3.2 Analysis is carried out according to workplace procedures
and manufacturer and component supplier specifications
3.3 Findings are verified, if necessary, by using reliable
alternative or optional processes
3.4 Conclusions are drawn from findings and documented
according to workplace requirements
3.5 Information and detail related to the evaluation of
diagnosis is provided to the appropriate person or customer
to confirm further action to be taken

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 147 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Variables Range
WHS requirements May include:
 Legislation
 Vehicle industry regulations
 Safety management systems
 Hazardous substances
 Dangerous goods code
 Safe operating procedures
 Personal protective equipment is to include as prescribed under
legislation, regulations and enterprise policies and practices
Accident analysis May include:
 Type of accident
 Direct and indirect impact
 Determining extent of damage
 Determining restoring options
 Determining restoring cost
 Proposing decision
Diagnostic process May include:
 analysing manufacturer/component supplier specifications,
schematics and operational procedures, component
substitution
 six-step troubleshooting plan
 discover-investigate-fix methodology
Testing May include:
 Visual inspection
 Performance test
 scan tools
 manufacturer/component supplier testing equipment

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate to:
Competence  interpret workplace instructions and locate and apply
information
 apply safety requirements, including the use of personal
protective equipment
 identify and select appropriate accident analysis procedures
to be performed
 complete analysis of complex accidents on a minimum of
three different vehicles
 Document and report outcomes and required actions of
diagnosis of complex accidents in with real or simulated
damages.
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 148 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Attitudes  concepts and principles of accident analysis procedures
 analysis theory, including concept, design and planning
 types, functions, operations and limitations of analysis
procedures
 Methods and processes for documenting and reporting
diagnostic findings and recommendations.
Required Skills Demonstrates skills of:
 communication skills to communicate ideas and information
to enable confirmation of work requirements and
specifications, coordination of work with site supervisor,
other workers and customers, reporting of work outcomes
and completion of regulatory, commercial and vehicle
information systems inputs
 numeracy skills to use mathematical ideas and techniques to
complete measurements, calculate requirements, and present
results of diagnosis
 planning and organising skills to conclude complex
diagnostic processes which anticipate and allow for risks,
cater for both direct and indirect evidence and avoid or
minimise reworking and avoid wastage
 problem-solving skills to use available information to
contribute to decision making strategies for solving complex
problems as they relate to light vehicle petrol engine light-
medium vehicle petrol engine management systems and
light - heavy vehicle diesel engine management systems
 self-management skills to plan and organise activities,
including the planning of analytical processes, preparation of
the worksite and the obtaining of testing equipment and
materials to avoid backtracking, workflow interruptions or
wastage
 technical skills to use workplace tools relating to the
complex diagnosis of light-medium vehicle petrol engine
management systems and light - heavy vehicle diesel engine
management systems including the use of:
 specialized tools and equipment
 measuring equipment
 technology skills to use workplace technology related to
systems diagnosis, information research and management
systems
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 149 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level V

Unit Title Manage Environmental Protection Process
Unit Code EIS AUM5 05 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
manage environmental management practices and processes as

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 150 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 part of the organization’s overall management system.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Prepare environmental 1.1 Current shifts in environmental legislation or regulation are
management plan for analyzed in relation to their potential impact on the
the organization organization.
1.2 Best practice and benchmarking methods are used to
determine current environmental management performance.
1.3 Project environmental obligations and management
requirements are analyzed.
1.4 Practical problems encountered on site are gathered and
analyzed
1.5 An environmental management plan is prepared on the
basis of the available information.
1.6 Senior management advice is sought, as required,
concerning the implementation of the plan.
2. Organize 2.1 Staff and contractors are informed of their obligations in
implementation of implementing the environmental planning process and
environmental plan monitored for compliance.
2.2 Environmental data gathering systems are evaluated,
changes are made as necessary and the system is managed
for maximum efficiency and accuracy.
2.3 New projects are evaluated to determine their impact on
existing environmental planning obligations.
2.4 Local authorities and/or regulatory bodies are contacted
concerning those areas of the plan where there is on-going
monitoring or external overseeing.
2.5 Information concerning updates to the environmental
management plan is communicated to staff and
stakeholders.
2.6 An environmental management plan evaluation strategy is
developed and managed to ensure that the organization
remains on track in the event of changing circumstances.
3. Monitor 3.1 Organizational feedback systems are implemented and
implementation managed to assist the conformance and management of the
plan.
3.2 Regular feedback is obtained concerning the operations of
the environmental management plan to assist the

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 151 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 organization to meet its legal obligations.
3.3 Where necessary, legally required auditing practices to
ensure probity and accountability to legislative requirements
are managed and maintained.
3.4 Contractor contact is maintained and their conformance with
environmental management requirements is monitored.
3.5 Emergency and remediation response strategies are
implemented as necessary to assist conformance with the
environmental management plan.
4. Review and enhance 4.1 The environmental management plan is reviewed to identify
environmental areas which need improvements and action is taken.
management plan
4.2 Measures are introduced to assist staff to suggest more
efficient procedures and innovations to improve the
performance of the environmental management plan.
4.3 Plans are redrafted to include improvements or address
deficiencies which are found during the monitoring.
4.4 Revised plans are submitted for endorsement by senior
management and procedures are changed accordingly.

Variables Range
Best practice and May include:
benchmarking methods  formally or informally prepared performance indicators
against environmental management objectives
 specific environmental targets, including emissions, noise,
dust, waste disposal, storm and ground water disposal, waste
segregation and hazardous materials
 performance measurements against industry, local authority,
regulatory or world standards
 statistical record-keeping, using 'at start', ongoing and 'at
conclusion' measurements
 strategic comparisons of 'resources in' and ' residuals out'
 costs associated with environmental conformance
 comparisons of current, previously established and external
environmental management plans
Environmental May include:
management plan  formally or informally gathered information concerning
environmental issues and requirements
 timeframes and key environmental benchmarks to be achieved
 environmental prohibitions or restrictions to be applied within
specific projects
 key people to be consulted or included in decision making
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 152 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  specific forms of activity to be pursued or which are subject to
monitoring or evaluation
Environmental data May include:
gathering systems  formal and informal reports from employees and staff
 scheduled environmental management meetings and briefings
 conformance reporting on achievement of milestones or
performance targets
 statistical and analytical data in support of environmental
management objectives
Feedback systems May include:
 specifically documented processes using formal reporting
arrangements
 spot checks on aspects of the environmental management
process
 formal and informal information gathering from employees
and contractors
 feedback from regulatory authorities

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of A person who demonstrates competency in this unit must be able
Competence to provide evidence of:
 successful development of effective environmental
management action plans and strategies
 the extent of effective environmental management advice
provided to the organization
 the effect and efficiency of the environmental management
recording and reporting systems and preparation of
documentation to organizational standards
 assessment of variations in environmental management
performance
 an effective process to manage improvements to organizational
environmental management practices and to reduce the risk of
non-conformance
 conformance with relevant legislative and regulatory
requirements
 research of relevant current trends in environmental
management and controls
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Attitudes  benchmarking and the establishment of environmental goals
 current trends in environmental management and controls
 environmental management practices and methodologies
 legal and regulatory obligations implicit in environmental
requirements
 penalties for various breaches of environmental obligations and
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 153 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 conformance requirements
 relevant licensing arrangements applicable
 statistical analysis methodologies
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Bursting and crushing reinforced concrete
 Apply OHS procedures during operation
 Perform clean-up activities
 Maintain bursting/crushing equipment
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 154 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level V
Unit Title Manage People Performance and Relationships
Unit Code EIS AUM5 06 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
manage the performance of the staff who report to them directly.
It includes people performance and relationship aspects of
implementing and operating competitive systems and practices,
development of key result areas and key performance indicators
and standards, coupled with regular and timely coaching and
feedback, and provide the basis for performance management.

Element Performance Criteria

1. Allocate and Confirm 1.1 number and status of competitive systems and practices
work performance techniques being used within the organizations are identified
1.2 Relevant groups and individuals are consulted on work to be
allocated and resources to be deployed
1.3 key performance indicators (KPIs) for each technique is
Identified
1.4 Performance standards, Code of Conduct and work outputs
and processes are confirmed prior to commencement
1.5 Performance indicators are developed for key result areas
and are agreed prior to commencement of work
1.6 Risk analyses are undertaken in accordance with the
organizational risk management plan and legal requirements

2. Develop an open 2.1 Performance management and review processes are designed
environment and to be consistent with organizational objectives and policies
Assess performance
2.2 Develop and maintain regular and frequent communication
with all key stakeholders
2.3 Participants in the performance management and review
process are trained
2.4 Performance management processes are implemented in
accordance with planning and timelines
2.5 Performance is monitored and evaluated on a continuous
basis.
3. Identify significant 3.1 Identify current and potential issues in liaison with team
issues and provide members and stakeholders
feedback
3.2 Assist team members and stakeholders to formulate issues
3.3 Identify and define boundary and non-negotiable issues for
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 155 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 all team members and stakeholders
3.4 Negotiate with team members and stakeholders over actual
and potential issues
3.5 Informal feedback is given in a regular, timely manner
3.6 Poor performance is identified promptly and brought to the
attention of the appropriate person
3.7 On-the-job coaching is provided when necessary, both to
improve performance and confirm excellence in performance
3.8 Documentation of performance is in accordance with the
performance management system
3.9 Formal structured feedback sessions occur as necessary and
in accordance with organizational policy
4. Proactively manage 4.1 Performance improvement and development plans are
and resolve issues developed in accordance with organizational policies
4.2 Check that implementation is proceeding to plan
4.3 Assistance is sought from human resource specialists where
appropriate
4.4 Excellence in performance is reinforced through recognition
and continuous feedback
4.5 Individuals not meeting expectations are provided with the
necessary coaching and re-training and monitored closely
4.6 Support services are provided to meet individual needs and
circumstances
4.7 Individuals who continue to perform below expectations are
counseled and, where necessary, placed within the
disciplinary process
4.8 Terminations occur where serious misconduct or on-going
under-performance occurs
4.9 Terminations are in accordance with organizational and legal
requirements
4.10 Performance feedback systems are evaluated regularly and
revised as necessary
4.11 Selection, induction and training systems are evaluated
regularly and improved
4.12 Take action to resolve any arising issues

Variables Range
Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 156 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Relevant groups and May include:
individuals  Employees
 employee representatives
 employer representatives
 line managers
 human resource personnel
Performance standards means the level of performance sought of an individual or group
which may be expressed either quantitatively or qualitatively
Code of Conduct means an agreed (or decreed) set or rules relating to employee
behavior/conduct with other employees or customers
Performance indicators those measures developed to gauge performance outcomes
against targets
Key result areas those areas of business performance which are critical to the
overall success of the business (or section of a business)
Risk analysis a determination of the likelihood of a negative event preventing
the organization meeting its objectives and the likely
consequences of such an event on organizational performance
Performance management a process or set of processes for establishing a shared
understanding of what an individual or group is to achieve, and
managing and developing individuals in a way which increases
the probability it will be achieved in both the short and longer
term in accordance with relevant industrial agreements
Excellence in performance regularly and consistently exceeding the performance targets
established whilst meeting the organization’s performance
standards
Coaching informal on-the-job and off-the-job advice and training to
improve performance
Terminations a cessation of the contract of employment between an
employer and an employee, at the initiative of the employer
within relevant industrial agreements

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge competencies to:
Competence  Direct evidence of the performance management processes
being undertaken is essential in the assessment of this unit,
including the linking of performance indictors to the allocation
of work and assessment of performance against performance
standards
 Workplace coaching (informal feedback) coupled with formal
performance feedback, resulting in performance improvement
Required Knowledge Demonstrates knowledge of:
 Relevant legislation from all levels of government that affects
business operation, especially in regard to OHS and

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 157 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 environmental issues, equal opportunity, industrial relations
and anti-discrimination
 Relevant awards and certified agreements
 Performance measurement systems utilized within the
organization
 Key result areas of the organization
 Human resource specialist assistance available
 Organizational plans and objectives (strategic, tactical and
operational)
 Human resource planning
 All legislation relevant to the organization which impacts on
people performance
 Organizational support services for employees (external and
internal)
 Unfair dismissal rules and due process
 Staff development strategies
Required Skills Demonstrate skills of:
 Communication/consultation skills to ensure all relevant
groups and individuals are advised of what is occurring and are
provided with an opportunity for input
 Performance measurement skills to develop and manage key
performance indicators
 Risk management skills to analyze, identify and develop
mitigation strategies for identified risks
 Coaching and training skills to remediate any under-
performance present in the work group or individuals
 Counseling/interviewing skills to conduct formal performance
feedback sessions including counseling and disciplinary
interviews where required
 Evaluative skills to review and improve performance
management systems
 Ability to relate to people from a range of social, cultural and
ethnic backgrounds and physical and mental abilities
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level V

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 158 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Unit Title Develop Specifications and Document
Unit Code EIS AUM5 07 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skill and attitude required to
identify and analyze work task requirements and activities, and
then develops and document technical specifications and
procedures providing concise and unambiguous direction and
guidance relating to them.

Element Performance Criteria

1. Identify requirements 1.1 Information required for technical specifications and
procedures is identified and assembled
1.2 Specifications and procedures requirements and formats are
established and confirmed, where necessary
1.3 Requirements for information entry, storage, output and
quality of document production are identified in accordance
with enterprise procedures
1.4 Specifications and procedures document design is
appropriate for efficient entry of information and satisfies
appearance and presentation requirements for the purpose of
the document
1.5 Range of functions incorporated in the document design
reflects the nominated requirements
2. Prepare and develop 2.1 Technical information for use in the specification is
specifications collected, tested and validated or confirmed before use
2.2 Authoritative sources and references are identified and used
in the preparation and presentation of the specification
2.3 Specifications are written in a format, to ensure
requirements can be met
2.4 Specifications are Develop in a manner that is clear and
understood in the workplace
2.5 Specification documentation satisfies enterprise and
industry standards
2.6 Specifications are developed that reflect document design
requirements and are written in a manner appropriate to
workplace
[Link] procedure 3.1 Technical activities and tasks requiring procedures to be
developed are analyzed, sequenced and logically grouped
3.2 tasks are sequenced and logically grouped

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 159 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 3.3 Procedures are documented to enterprise and industry
standards
4. Document 4.1 Developed material is documented according to workplace
specifications and procedures and document design requirements
procedures 4.2 Information management requirements, including document
storage, are followed according to workplace procedures
and document requirements
4.3 Document is presented ready for use as required

Variables Range
Specifications Technical criteria for an object, item, system or sub-system
describing the components, materials, construction, circuitry and
associated legal, regulatory or intellectual property issues.
Procedures Contain detailed descriptions of the tasks, activities, sequences,
materials, tooling, rules and safety requirements, leading or
guiding an individual through an authorized work practice.
Technical information Information associated with design, production, operation, use,
and/or maintenance of an equipment, machine, process or
system
OHS requirements May include legislation such as:
 vehicle industry
 regulations
 safety management systems
 hazardous substances
 dangerous goods code
 safe operating procedures
 Personal protective equipment is to include as prescribed
under legislation, regulations and enterprise policies and
practices

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Demonstrates skills and knowledge competencies to:
Competence  Locate, interpret and apply information
 Apply safety requirements throughout the work sequence,
including the use of personal protective clothing and
equipment
 Identify and itemize steps and stages in procedures
 Complete a significant operational procedure, incorporating
safety obligations, and covering:
 a full analysis of the topic area
 a step-by-step operational procedure
 supporting documents to the procedure
 complete or review and update a specification for a

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 160 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 significant system or sub-system covering:
 system/sub-system description
 components
 materials
 construction
 circuitry
 related information sources
 legal, regulatory or intellectual property law
requirements
 Modify products to cater for variations in workplace cultures
and environment
 Work effectively with others
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates knowledge of:
Attitudes  Technical writing and presentation techniques
 Enterprise (or equivalent) technical procedure formats,
 content rules, preparation and management techniques
Required Skills Demonstrate skills to:
 Plan and organize to avoid backtracking, workflow
interruptions or wastage
 Use mathematical ideas and techniques to incorporate
measurements, calibration and test requirements into
specifications and procedures
 Establish processes which anticipate and allow for risks,
cater for both direct and indirect causes, avoid or minimize
reworking and avoid wastage in the preparation and content
of procedures
 Use the workplace technology related to document
preparation, including calculators and measuring devices,
computing systems and information management systems
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to
information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Occupational Standard: Automotive Mechanics Level V

Unit Title Monitor Costing System of Project

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 161 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Unit Code EIS AUM5 08 1221
Unit Descriptor This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to
monitor project costing systems. This includes determine,
manage, prepare maintenance of cost control, the production of
expenditure and schedules. Project cost monitoring system is the
role of the supervisors and managers who establish and oversee
projects to the best financial advantage of the
enterprise/industry.

Elements Performance Criteria

1. Determine and 1.1 Determine resources required, factors affecting resource
supervise resources costs and interpret project works objectives.
required for the project
1.2 Staff members are supervised in their identification of
project costs and accurate estimates made from project
schedules.
1.3 Cost centers are correctly identified and incorporated into a
planned project cost network.
1.4 Risk assessment is undertaken and estimated cost is
compared with estimated risk.
1.5 All planning ensures there is compliance with relevant
codes of practice, standards and legislative requirements.
2. Manage the preparation 2.1 Draft schedules of project expenditure are prepared with
of schedule of project critical points identified.
expenditure
2.2 Expenditure schedules are prepared using organizational
processes and hardcopies produced.
2.3 Critical financial phases of the project are identified and
cash flows are matched to expenditure.
2.4 Make adjustments where required to reconcile resource
costs with project schedules
3. Prepare curves showing 3.1 Interim payment claims and rise and fall calculations are
projected cash flow and prepared for the contractor and subcontractors.
payments
3.2 Projected 'S' curve is prepared to show cash flow and
resource control.
3.3 Cash flows using 'time risk' and 'cost risk' are prepared and
compared.
3.4 Cash flows using 'early start' and 'late finish' for
pessimistic or optimistic outcomes are compared.
3.5 Pessimistic overdraft requirements are calculated

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 162 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 4. Maintain continuous 4.1 Cash flow and creditor payments are monitored daily.
checks on expenditure
and evaluate outcomes 4.2 Budget cost on the network is compared to actual costs in
the tender calculations.
4.3 Rise and fall clause calculations are undertaken and
variations are advised to the financial controller.
4.4 Reasons for any cost variations are analyzed and identified.
4.5 Remedial action is taken and recorded as necessary to
retain contract financial compliance.
5. Prepare final cost report 5.1 Collate Actual costs and compared with estimates at the
completion of the job and a report is compiled detailing
future actions.
5.2 Calculate and record total project costs
5.3 Organizational rates are adjusted as required, based on the
final cost report and current movements in prices and rates.
5.4 Document summary of costs and submit financial summary
for approval

Variables Range
Schedules of project May include:
expenditure  labor costs against estimated costs
 materials purchases
 consumables such as fuel and lubricants, electric power and
water
 supplies and materials
Final cost report May include:
 detailed summaries of actual costs against estimates
 details of cost over-runs and savings on labor and contracting
out
 cost/benefit analyses of overtime payments
 details of savings or under-expenditure on materials or
supplies
 equipment performance information and efficiencies
Identification and May include:
classification of project  all human resource costs, including direct employees' and
costs subcontractors' rates
 overhead costs, including administration support, power,
lighting, accommodation and rent
 plant and equipment purchase/lease and operating costs
 materials and supplies
 site services such as temporary power, lighting and water

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 163 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
  specialist services
 relevant codes, standards and legislation
Projected cash flow and May include:
payments  progress payments in for work completed
 progress payments out for work undertaken
 progress payments for supplies and materials
 penalties
 wages and salaries
 insurances, including workers' compensation premiums

Evidence Guide
Critical Aspects of Assessment requires evidence that the candidate:
Competence  monitor and supervise staff who develop and consolidate
costing data for projects
 extent and effectiveness of the comparison of actual versus
estimated costs and the production of schedules of
expenditure
 ensure efficient and punctual production of financial data in
the form required by the organization
 ensure planning and continuous revision of the schedules of
payments and cash flows to match contract performance and
efficiency
Required Knowledge and Demonstrates Knowledge of :
Attitudes  estimating and costing systems used in the industry
 expenditure evaluation methods
 financial principles and cash flows
 project financial processes and timelines
 relevant licensing arrangements applicable
 relevant standards, codes of practice and legislation
 variations in rates occurring through 'rise and fall' clauses and
their effects
Required Skills Demonstrates skills of:
 account keeping skills to identify cost centres and monitor
cash flows
 analysis and interpretation skills to undertake financial risk
assessments
 management skills, including the ability to supervise staff
 numerical skills, including the ability to perform complex
financial calculations
 preparation of schedules of expenditure and expenditure
projections
Resources Implication Access is required to real or appropriately simulated situations,
including work areas, materials and equipment, and to

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 164 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 information on workplace practices and OHS practices.
Methods of Assessment Competence may be assessed through:
 Interview / Written Test
 Observation / Demonstration with Oral Questioning
Context of Assessment Competence may be assessed in the work place or in a simulated
work place setting.

Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3

Page 165 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Ministry of Labour and Automotive Mechanics Version 3
Page 166 of 41
Skill Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard December 2021
 Ministry of Education Automotive Servicing Operations Management Version 2
Page 167 of 46
Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard November 2016
 Ministry of Education Automotive Servicing Operations Management Version 2
Page 168 of 46
Copyright Ethiopian Occupational Standard November 2016