SUBJECT NO.
1 (CS-101)
PPSC COMPUTER SCIENCE
TOPICS:
1. Types of Computer
2. Generations of Computer
Hafiz Tanveer Ahmed Ghazi
Tehsildar - UT
Today’s Topics of Discussion:
1. Types of Computer
2. Digital Computer
3. Analogue Computer
4. Hybride Computer
5. Generations of Computer
6. Important Mcqs Based Questions
1. Types of computer
1) Analogue Computer
Analogue computers are designed to process analogue data. Analogue
data is continuous data that changes continuously and cannot have
discrete values. Speedometer and mercury thermometer are examples of
analogue computers.
2) Digital Computer
Digital computer is designed to perform calculations and logical operations
at high speed. It accepts the raw data as input in the form of digits or
binary numbers (0 and 1) and processes it with programs stored in its
memory to produce the output. All modern computers like laptops,
desktops including smartphones that we use at home or office are digital
computers.
3) Hybrid Computer
Hybrid computer has features of both analogue and digital computer.
Generations of computer
Generations of Computers
A generation of computers refers to the specific improvements in
computer technology with time. In 1946, electronic pathways called
circuits were developed to perform the counting. It replaced the gears and
other mechanical parts used for counting in previous computing
machines.
In each new generation, the circuits became smaller and more
advanced than the previous generation circuits. The miniaturization
helped increase the speed, memory and power of computers. There are five
generations of computers which are described below;
1. First Generation Computers
The first generation (1946-1959) computers were slow, huge and
expensive. In these computers, vacuum tubes were used as the basic
components of CPU and memory. These computers were mainly depended
on batch operating system and punch cards. Magnetic tape and paper
tape were used as output and input devices in this generation;
Some of the popular first generation computers are;
o ENIAC ( Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)
o EDVAC ( Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer)
o UNIVAC( Universal Automatic Computer)
2. Second Generation Computers
The second generation (1959-1965) was the era of the transistor
computers. These computers used transistors which were cheap, compact
and consuming less power; it made transistor computers faster than the
first generation computers.
In this generation, magnetic cores were used as the primary memory
and magnetic disc and tapes were used as the secondary storage.
Assembly language and programming languages like COBOL and
FORTRAN, and Batch processing and multiprogramming operating
systems were used in these computers.
Some of the popular second generation computers are;
o IBM 1620
3. Third Generation Computers
Generation period : _________?
The third generation computers used integrated circuits (ICs) instead of
transistors. A single IC can pack huge number of transistors which
increased the power of a computer and reduced the cost. The computers
also became more reliable, efficient and smaller in size. These generation
computers used remote processing, time-sharing, multi programming as
operating system. Also, the high-level programming languages like
FORTRON-II TO IV, COBOL, PASCAL PL/1, ALGOL-68 were used in this
generation.
Some of the popular third generation computers are;
o IBM-360 series
4. Fourth Generation Computers
The fourth generation (1971-1980) computers used Very Large Scale
Integrated (VLSI) Circuits; a chip containing millions of transistors and
other circuit elements. These chips made this generation computers more
compact, powerful, fast and affordable. These generation computers used
real time, time sharing and distributed operating system. The
programming languages like C, C++, DBASE were also used in this
generation.
Some of the popular fourth generation computers are;
o CRAY-1(Super Computer)
o CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer)
5. Fifth Generation Computers
In fifth generation (1980-till date) computers, the VLSI technology was
replaced with ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration). It made possible the
production of microprocessor chips with ten million electronic
components. This generation computers used parallel processing
hardware and AI (Artificial Intelligence) software. The programming
languages used in this generation were C, C++, Java, .Net, etc.
Some of the popular fifth generation computers are;
o Desktop
o Laptop
o NoteBook
o UltraBook
o ChromeBook
SOME IMPORTANT MCQS BASED QUESTIONS
Select the name of generation in which operating systems were built;
A. First
B. Third
C. Second
D. Fourth
Answer: Third
The processed form of data is called;
A. Field
B. Information
C. Words
D. File
Answer: Information
Machine language is
A. Difficult to program
[Link] dependent
C. Error-prone
D. All of the above
Answer: All of the above
Fifth-generation computers are built on
A. System Knowledge
B. Programming Intelligence
C. Artificial Intelligence
[Link]
E. None of these
Answer: Artificial Intelligence
Select the technology that is used in the First generation of
computer;
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] Tube
D. VLSI
[Link] of these
Answer: Vaccum Tube
Select the name of generation in which introduced Microprocessor;
A. Fourth Generation
B. Second Generation
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. Third Generation
E. All of these
Answer: Fourth Generation
Second-generation computers are manufactured of
A. Vaccum Tubes
B. LSI
C. Transistors
D. VLSI
E. None of these
Answer: Transistors
A computer contains
A. A central processing unit
B. A memory
C. Input and output unit
D. All of the above
Answer: All of the above
An integrated circuit is
A. A complicated circuit
B. Fabricated on a tiny silicon chip
C. Much costlier than a single transistor
D. An integrating device
Answer: Fabricated on a tiny silicon chip
Select the three decisions making actions performed by the ALU of a
computer;
A. Less than
B. Grater than
C. Equal to
D. All of the above
Answer: All of the above
Select the year when Pascaline was originated;
A. 1617
B. 1642
C. 1620
D. 1837
Answer: 1642
Select Which one is the first computer to use Stored Program
Concept;
A. UNIVAC
B. EDSAC
C. ENIAC
D. None of the above
Answer: EDSAC
Once the user loads the acceptable program and provides need data,
the computer does not need human intervention. This feature is
known as
A. Accuracy
B. Reliability
C. Automatic
D. Versatility
Answer: Automatic
The interval of ________ generation was 1952-1964.
a) 1st
b) 2nd
c) 5th
d) 4th
Answer: 2nd
Select the number of major companies all over the world build
microprocessors;
Only one company
B Three companies
C Tow companies
D Many companies
Answer: Two companies (Intel and Motorola)
Select the circuit that is used as a ‘Memory device’ in computers;
[Link]
B. Attenuator
C. Comparator
D. Flip Flop
E. None of these
Answer: Flip Flop
The fourth-generation was built on integrated circuits.
a) True
b) False
Answer True
The generation constructs on VLSI microprocessor.
a) 1st
b) 4th
c) 3rd
d) 2nd
Answer: 4th
Select the generation of computers started with using vacuum tubes
as the primary components.
a) 3rd
b) 2nd
c) 1st
d) 4th
Answer: 1st
Select the generation in which Batch processing was mainly used;
a) 1st
b) 2nd
c) 3rd
d) 4th
Answer: 1st
Select the name of the generation in which Time sharing, Real-time,
Networks, Distributed Operating System was used.
a) 1st
b) 4th
c) 5th
d) 2nd
Answer: 4th
HLL abbreviation of;
a) High Layman’s Language
b) High-Level Language
c) High-Level Lesson
d) High Layman’s Lesson
Answer: High-Level Language
Select the example of a first-generation computer;
A ENIAC
B EDSAC
C EDVAC
D UNIVAC
Answer: ENIAC
Select the name of generation in which the Operating system is used
the first time;
A First Generation
B Third Generation
C Second Generation
D Fourth Generation
Answer: Third Generation
Select the emerging branch in computer science, which explains the
way and procedure of making computers think like human beings.
a) Blockchain
b) AI
c) VR
d) Cloud computing
Answer: AI
ULSI abbreviation of;
a) Ultra Lower Scale Integration
b) Under Lower Scale Integration
c) Ultra Large Scale Integration
d) Under Large Scale Integration
Answer: Ultra Large Scale Integration
Select the name of the generation that used CD ROM for the first
time;
A First Generation
B Second Generation
C Third Generation
D Fourth Generation
E Fifth Generation computer
Answer: Fifth Generation computer
ASCII stands for ___________________________
American Standard Code for Information Integration
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
American Source Code for Information Interchange
None of the above
Who invented Internet?
Steve Jobs
Jaap haartsen
Jan Kourn
Vint Cerf
IT stands for ________________
Integrated Technology
Intelligent Technology
Information Technology
Interesting Technology
GUI stands for _______________
General Utility Interface
Graphical User Interface
General User Interface
None of the above
Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT are known as –
Processors
Domain names
Operating System
None of the above
CAD stands for_______________
Character Aided Design
Computer Aided Design
Computer Advanced Design
None of the above
BIT stands for _______________
Big Digit
Binary Digit
Binary Technology
None of the above
MS DOS stands for ______________
Microsoft Digital Operating System
Microsoft Dynamic Operating System
Microsoft Disk Operating System
Which of the following was the first calculating device ?
Slide Rule
Pascaline
Abacus
Napier’s Bones
PROM stands for
Program Read Only Memory
Progress Read Only Memory
Programmable Read Only Memory
None of the above
Blaise Pascal was a _________________
Russian mathematician
German mathematician
French mathematician
British mathematician
Punched cards were first invented by
Blaise Pascal
Herman Hollerith
William Oughtred
John Napier
In which generation of computers Operating system was developed ?
First
Second
Third
Fourth
In which generation of computers CD-ROM was first used ?
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
EDSAC stands for ________________________
Electronic Delay Systematic Automatic Calculator
Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator
Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer
Electronic Delay Systematic Automatic Computer
Who invented Integrated Circuit (IC) ?
Herman Hollerith
Jack Kilby
Semen Korsakov
Napier Bones
How many computers did Charles Babbage design ?
1
2
3
4
Mark I was a _______________machine.
Binary
Decimal
Octal
Hexadecimal
The first microprocessor was_______________
Intel 4004
Intel 8080
Intel 8086
Intel 80486
The first General purpose microprocessor was _______________
4004
8080
8086
80486
The processed form of data is called;
A. Field
B. Information
C. Words
D. File
Machine language is
A. Difficult to program
B. Machine dependent
C. Error-prone
D. All of the above
Fifth-generation computers are built on
[Link] Knowledge
[Link] Intelligence
[Link] Intelligence
[Link]
Select the technology that is used in the First generation of
computer:
[Link]
[Link]
[Link] Tube
D. VLSI
[Link] of these
Select the name of generation in which introduced Microprocessor;
A. Fourth Generation
B. Second Generation
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. Third Generation
E. All of these
Second-generation computers are manufacture of
A. Vaccum Tubes
B. LSI
C. Transistors
D. VLSI
E. None of these
A computer contains
A. A central processing unit
B. A memory
C. Input and output unit
D. All of the above
Answer: All of the above
An integrated circuit is
A. A complicated circuit
B. Fabricated on a tiny silicon chip
C. Much costlier than a single transistor
D. An integrating device
Select the three decisions making actions performed by the ALU of a
computer;
A. Less than
B. Grater than
C. Equal to
D. All of the above
Select Which one is the first computer to use Stored Program
Concept;
A. UNIVAC
B. EDSAC
C. ENIAC
D. None of the above
Select the non-volatile memory;
A. SRAM
B. ROM
C. DRAM
D. All of the above
E. None of these
Any data or instruction entered into the memory of a computer is
called
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
E. None of these
The time during which a job is prepared by the computer is:
[Link] Time
[Link] Time
[Link] Time
[Link] Time
[Link] of these
HLL abbreviation of;
a) High Layman’s Language
b) High-Level Language
c) High-Level Lesson
d) High Layman’s Lesson
Who is the founder of the computer?
A Charles Newman
B Henry Babbage
C Charles Babbage
D Henry luce
Select the emerging branch in computer science, which explains the
way and procedure of making computers think like human beings.
a) Blockchain
b) AI
c) VR
d) Cloud computing
ULSI abbreviation of;
a) Ultra Lower Scale Integration
b) Under Lower Scale Integration
c) Ultra Large Scale Integration
d) Under Large Scale Integration
When was Pascaline invented?
A 1617
B 1620
C.1642
D 1837
Which of the following is the first computer to use Stored Program
Concept?
A UNIVAC
B ENIAC
C EDSAC
D None of above
What is the date when Babbage conceived Analytical engine
A 1642
B 1837
C 1880
D 1850
UNIVAC is
A Universal Automatic Computer
B Universal Array Computer
C Unique Automatic Computer
D Unvalued Automatic Computer
ASCII and EBCDIC are the popular character coding systems. What does
EBCDIC stand for?
A Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
B Extended Bit Code Decimal Interchange Code
C Extended Bit Case Decimal Interchange Code
D Extended Binary Case Decimal Interchange Code
Which of the following was a special purpose computer?
A ABC
B ENIAC
C EDVAC
D All of the above
When was vacuum tube invented?
A 1900
B 1906
C 1910
D 1880
Which of the following is a mid range computer?
A Mainframe
B Mini computer
C micro computer
D Supercomputer
Which electronic components are used in First Generation
Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
VLSI Microprocessor
ULSI Microprocessor
Which electronic components are used in Second Generation
Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
VLSI Microprocessor
ULSI Microprocessor
Which electronic components are used in Third Generation
Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
VLSI Microprocessor
ULSI Microprocessor
Which electronic components are used in Fourth Generation
Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
VLSI Microprocessor
ULSI Microprocessor
Which electronic components are used in Fifth Generation
Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
VLSI Microprocessor
ULSI Microprocessor
VLSI Stands for __________.
Very Large Storage Integration
Very Large Storage Integrator
Very Large Scale Integration
Very Large Scale Integrator
__________ is used as a programming language in first generation
computers?
FORTRAN
COBOL
BASIC
Machine Language
FORTRAN stands for __________.
For Translation
Format Transformation
Fork Transformation
Formula Translation
