Web URL
• Web Uniform Resource Location (URL): Used to uniquely identify the
specific web resourceinside the web application
• Every web application should have its unique address in the form of URL
• URL is the one & only way to access web application via browser
• Max number of characters in the URL is 200
Syntax:
protocol://<domainName>:port/resourcePath?queryString#fragement
Id
EG: http://localhost:8888/index.php
http://google.com/search?q=ipho
ne11
http://172.217.160.142/search?q=
iphone11
Protocol:
• When one application wants to communicate with another application (in
our case browser & server), there needs to be a common language which
both applications understand each other. Hence, we use protocol.
• Protocol is a common language where two application exchange
information each other
• It is a set of rules & instructions.
• Browser always sends request & receives response via http protocol
hence it is called http request / http response.
• It’s an optional information & case insensitive.
• Types of Protocol
http
https
ftp
smtp etc.
Domain:
• Used to uniquely identify the specific computer/server in the network in
which web application in present.
• Domain name might be computer name or IP address
• It’s a mandatory information.
Example:
www.amazon.com (commercial)
.org (organization)
.edu (education)
.gov.in (government)
Port number:
• Used to uniquely identify the specific software/application inside the
computer
• In the URL this is an optional information
• Below table specify the default port number
Tomcat JBoss WebLogic
http 8080 80 123
https 8443 443 456
Resource Path:
• Used to uniquely identify the specific web resource inside the application
Server (web application)
• We know that web application is a collection of web resources, so it’s a
full path of web resource at web application side
Example:
http://localhost:8080/index.html
http://localhost:8080/login
Query String:
• It is one of the components of the URL which is used to pass a value to a
specific parameter
• Query String always begins with “?”
• The query string is always written in name=value pairs
• We can have any number of name-value pairs separated by &
Fragment ID:
• Used to uniquely identify the specific fragment/section in the webpage.
• It’s an optional information in the URL.
