QUANTITATIVE ABILITY HANDOUT

(Geometry – I)

Directions for questions 1 to 20: Solve the following questions.

1. (i) Find the supplement of an angle whose 5. (i) In isosceles triangle ABC, the external angle at
complement is three and half times of its measure. C measures 130°. The largest possible
(ii) The complementary and the supplementary measure of any of the angles of the triangle
angles of an angle are in the ratio 1 : 3. is ______.
Find the angle.
(ii)
2. Lines L1 and L2 meet at point P. The four angles that D
are formed, in an order, are A, B, C and D. What will A
be the measure and the type of the angles
A, B, and C if angle D is
(i) 85°? (ii) 105°? (iii) acute?
3. (i)

B C
1 2
m E F
3 4
In the figure, DAB + EBC = 250° and
5 6
n EBC + BCF = 230°. Find the measure of ABC.
7 8
6. In a triangle, the measures of all the angles
(in degrees) are integers. One of the angles of the
triangle is 50°. How many combinations of the
angles of the triangle are possible if the triangle is
In the figure, lines m and n are parallel. Seven
(i) acute?
times the measure of angle 2 is equal to eleven
(ii) scalene?
times the measure of angle 4. What is the
measure of angle 7?
7.
P
(ii) a b

(x + 48)°
c

(3x + 36)° (3y + 24)° Q R S

d
In the figure, PSQ = 75° and triangle PQR is
isosceles. If PQR = 30°, find the measure of
RPS.
In the figure, lines a and b are parallel. Lines c
and d are also parallel. What is the value of y? 8. The lengths of the sides of four triangles are given
below. Identify the type of triangle in each case.
4. In the figure, PQ || RS || TU. AB and CD are the
(i) 7, 24, 25
transversals cutting these parallel lines as shown.
(ii) 9, 10, 18
A C (iii) 8, 8, 8√2
(iv) 8, 10, 18
E H
P Q
F I 9. A scalene triangle has integral sides and a perimeter
R S of 30. How many such triangles are possible?

10. (i) G is the centroid of triangle ABC. AB = 48 m,

G BC = 14 m and AC = 50 m. BD is the median
J drawn to AC. Find the measure of GD.
T U
(ii) G is the centroid of triangle PQR. If the area of
B D
PQR is 30 sq units, the area of triangle GQR
If EF = 1.65 cm, EG = 6.6 cm and HJ = 6.4 cm, find IJ. is ______.
11. (i) The base of an isosceles triangle is 28 m long. In the figure, PQU = TUQ = RSU = 90°.
The altitude drawn to the base is 2√15 m long. If PQ = 36, TU = 45 and SU = 29.7, find RS.
Find the perimeter of the triangle.
14. (i) In PQR, points A and B lie on the sides
(ii) In triangle XYZ, XY = 10 m, YZ = 24 m and
PQ and PR respectively, such that 3PA = 4AQ
XZ = 26 m. The length of the altitude to XZ
is ______. and 3PB = 4BR. If QR = 70 cm, find AB.

(ii) In the figure, ABC and DEF are triangles such

12. (i) The bisectors of B and C in triangle ABC that AC = 32 cm, BC = 40 cm and DE = 60 cm.
meet at I. If BAC = 48°, find BIC. Find the perimeter of triangle ABC, if the
(ii) In triangle PQR, the internal angle bisector of perimeter of triangle DEF is 186 cm.
angle P meets QR at S. If PQ = 15 m, PR = 25 m D
and QR = 32 m, find QS.

13. T A
P 
P
   
B C E F
R
15. In quadrilateral ABCD, ABD = DBC and ADB
= BDC. Find the ratio of the areas of triangles ABD
and BCD.

Q S U

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE

Directions for questions 1 to 5: Solve the following questions.

1. Two sides of a triangle are 8 cm and 15 cm. 4.

The measure of the third side (in cm) is an integer. B
If the triangle is acute, how many possible values D
are there for the measure of the third side?

2. A F
P C E

In the figure (not to scale), AB = BC = CD = DE = EF.

If ABC = DFE, find DFE.

T 5. A

Q F E
U
S
R
I
In the figure, PQR is a triangle and S is a point on
QR such that QS : SR = 2 : 1. The bisectors of B C
angles PSQ and PSR meet PQ and PR at T and U D
respectively. If PU = 128 cm, UR = 16 cm and
PQ = 100 cm, find PT. In the figure, AD, BE and CF are the bisectors of
BAC, ABC and ACB respectively. If AC = BC
3. E and AB = 2BD, find BIC.
F

A D
B C

In the figure, BF || CE and CF || DE. If BC = 2 cm

and CD = 3 cm, find AB.
 QUANTITATIVE ABILITY HANDOUT
(Geometry – II)

Directions for questions 1 to 15: Solve the following questions.

1. In trapezium PQRS, PQ ∥ RS. If PQ = 10, QR = 17, 11. In the figure, AT is a tangent to the circle centered at O.
RS = 31 and PS = 10, find the height of the trapezium. The radius of the circle is 10 cm. If TOY = 60°,
find the length of AX.
2. ABCD is a parallelogram. If AB = 6 cm and BC = AC
= 8 cm, find BD.

O Y A
3. The greatest distance between any two points on
a rhombus is √3 times the length of the shorter
X •
diagonal, which is 2 cm. Find the side of the rhombus.

4. Find the number of diagonals in a polygon with T

20 sides.

5. The number of diagonals in a regular polygon is 35. 12. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle and XY is
Find the measure of each exterior angle of the a tangent to the circle at C. If BCY = 70°, find BOC.
polygon.
A B
6. The measure of each interior angle of a regular
pentagon is thrice the measure of each exterior angle O
of another regular polygon (P). Find the measure of •
each interior angle of P.

7. ABCDEF is a regular hexagon with side 10 cm. X Y

C
Find the length of the diagonal BD.
13. In the figure, PC is a secant and PAE = 80°.
8. In the given circle, O is the centre and AOB = BOC
Find CBE.
= 50°. Find ABC.
D
E

O
80°
C P
A
B
A C
B
14. Find the length of a direct common tangent drawn to
9. The distance between two equal and parallel chords two circles whose centres are 20 cm apart and whose
in a circle is 32 cm. If the radius of the circle is 20 cm, diameters are 30 cm and 6 cm.
find the length of each chord.
15. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. If AOB = 30°
10. In the figure, PT is a tangent to the circle and PAB is and CAB = 40°, find ABC.
a secant. If PA = 8 cm and PT = 12 cm, find AB.
B
A
O
30°
40°
A

B
P C
T
 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE
Directions for questions 1 to 5: Solve the following questions.

1. In the figure, O is the point of intersection of the 3. In cyclic quadrilateral PQRS, the ratio of the
chords AC and BD. Find the minimum length of BD. measures of the external angles at P and R is 2 : 3.
A Find QRS.
9 4. The number of diagonals of a polygon is numerically
O•
D B equal to 3 percent of the sum of the measures of all
the internal angles (in degrees) of the polygon.
16 Find the number of sides of the polygon.

5. Two parallel chords are drawn on the opposite sides

C
of the centre of the circle. The radius of the circle is
30 cm and the lengths of the chords are 48 cm and
2. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and PAT is a tangent. 36 cm. Find the distance between the two chords.
If PAC = 70°, find ABC.
A
T P

D B

C
 QUANTITATIVE ABILITY TEST Time: 30 min.
(Geometry)
Directions for questions 1 to 25: For the Multiple Choice Questions, select the correct alternative from the given choices.
For the Non-Multiple Choice Questions, write your answer in the box provided.

1. In PQR,  P = 120° and PQ = PR. If the perimeter of Directions for questions 7 and 8: Answer these
questions based on the information given below.
PQR is 32 + 16 3 , the area of PQR is 3.
In the figure (not drawn to scale), A and B are the centres
2. B
A of the circles.
F
C
D
E
• •
A C G B
In the figure, CD is the diameter of the circle.
D
If ACD = 40, find BCA +BAC (in degrees).
DF is a common tangent to the two circles, at D and F.
AF : DB = 5 : 4 and AB = 18 cm.
3. The number of diagonals of a regular polygon is three
times the number of sides of the polygon. 7. Find CG : EG.
Find the measure of each interior angle of the (A) 4 : 5
polygon. (B) 5 : 4
(A) 100 (B) 110 (C) 120 (D) 140 (C) 4 : 3
(D) Cannot be determined
4. In isosceles trapezium ABCD, AB is parallel to CD.
AD = 5 cm and the difference of the lengths of the 8. Find GF, if AC = 1.5 CG.
parallel sides is 8 cm. Find the height of the cm
trapezium.
cm 9. A circle of radius 4 cm is inscribed in a right triangle.
Another smaller circle is drawn, touching the bigger
5. In the figure, DB and DC are tangents to the circle circle and the triangle as shown in the figure. Find its
radius (in cm).
with centre O. If BDC = , find BAC.
A

B C

D
 
(A)  (B) 90°–  (C) (D) 90°–
2 2
6. (A) 4(5 – 2 2 ) (B) 4(7 – 2 2 )
A
(C) 4(9 – 2 2 ) (D) 4(3 – 2 2 )

D 10. PQRS is a cyclic trapezium and P = R. The area

P of PQRS and the area of the circumcircle of PQRS
are in the ratio 240 : 169. The ratio of the perimeter
Q of PQRS to the sum of the diagonals of PQRS is
B C ______.
In the figure, A, B, C and D are points on a circle. (A) 19 : 15 (B) 23 : 17
AC and BD intersect at P, while AD and BC when (C) 17 : 13 (D) cannot be determined
extended, intersect at Q. If triangle APB is equilateral,
11. An equilateral triangle TPS is drawn inside square
Q = 20o and BD = 7 cm, find DQ.
PQRS. Find QTR (in degrees).
(A) 6 cm (B) 3 3 cm
(C) 5 cm (D) None of these
12. 18. F
Q R
E
50°
A
B

P T U S 70°
D C
In the figure, PQ = RS = 5 cm, PS = 12 cm and
QR is parallel to PS, the diameter of the semicircle.
T and U are the feet of the perpendiculars drawn from In the figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and
Q and R respectively to PS. Find TU (in cm). AB is parallel to CD. BCD = 70 and FBE = 50°.
43 15 Find ADB (in degrees).
(A) (B)
6 2
47 49
(C) (D)
6 6 19. P is a point on side AB of rectangle ABCD such that
APD : DPC : CPB = 2 : 5 : 5. Find AB : BC.
13.
A (A) 3 (B) 2 3 − 2
(C) 2 (D) Cannot be determined

20. Find the length of the common chord of

E two circles, each of radius 10 cm, given that
each circle passes through the centre of the other.
(A) 10 cm (B) 10 3 cm
B C D (C) 5 3 cm (D) 5 cm

In the figure, AC and DE are angle bisectors of 21. In a circle of radius 30 cm, find the distance
BAD and ADB respectively. If AB = 2BC and (in cm) between two parallel chords of lengths
AD = BD, find AE : CD. 36 cm and 48 cm.
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (A) 3 or 21 (B) 6 or 42
(C) 2 : 1 (D) 2 : 3 (C) 9 or 63 (D) 12 or 84

14. In  PQR, PS and QT are perpendicular medians. 7 sinQ + 4 sinR 13

22. In triangle PQR, = and PQ = 18 cm.
If PQ = 4 5 and QR = 16, PR = . 6 sinQ − 2 sinR 6

15. The lengths of the perpendicular sides of a The length of PR is cm.

right-angled triangle are integers. If the length of its
hypotenuse is 34, the perimeter of the triangle 23. The lengths of the sides AB and AC of triangle ABC
is ______. are 22.5 cm and 8 cm respectively. AD, the altitude
(A) 70 (B) 90 to BC is 6 cm long. The circumradius (in cm) of
(C) 80 (D) 100 ABC is

16. The inradius and the circumradius of a right-angled

24. PQR is a triangle. S, T, U are points on PQ, QR, PR
triangle are 9 and 37.5 respectively. Find the
respectively such that TU || PQ and ST || PR.
perimeter of the triangle.
The areas of triangles QST and TUR are 25 and
(A) 144
36 respectively. Find the area of quadrilateral PSTU.
(B) 168
(A) 60 (B) 50 (C) 70 (D) 80
(C) 192
(D) Cannot be determined
25. Consider the following statements:
I. The altitudes of a triangle can be 9, 12, 16.
17. A triangle has sides of lengths a, b, c where
II. The altitudes of a triangle can be 8, 12, 15.
a  b  c and a, b, c are integers. The perimeter of the
How many of the statements are true?
triangle is 30. How many such triangles are possible?
 Solutions for Geometry I
Solutions for questions 1 to 15: 2 11
3. (i) 72 = 114 i.e., =
4 7
1. (i) Let the angle be  Also 2 + 4 = 180°
7  2 = 110° and 4 = 70°
Complement of the angle is ( ) th of its measure.
2 7 = 2 (∵ Alternate exterior angles are equal)
7 7 = 110° Ans: (110°)
90° –  = 
2
 = 20° (ii) a
Supplementary angle of the angle = 180° –  = 160° b
Ans: (160°)
(x + 48)°
(ii) Let the angle be  c
90° –  and 180° –  are in the ratio 1 : 3
90° –  1
= (3x + 36)° z° (3y + 24)°
180° – θ 3
270° – 3 = 180° –  d
90° = 2
 = 45° Ans: (45°)

2. (i)
L2
(x + 48)° = (3y + 24)° (∵ c || d. So, corresponding
L1 angles are equal).
B = 85° z° = (3y + 24)° (∵ a || b. So, corresponding angles are
equal)
C = 95° (3x + 36)° + z° = 180°
A = 95° P (3x + 36)° + (3y + 24)° = 180°
x + y = 40° – (i)
D = 85° Also, we got (x + 48)° = (3y + 24)°
x + 48° = 3y + 24°
40° – y + 48° = 3y + 24° (∵ From (1))
y = 16° Ans: (16°)
A + D = 180°
A+ 85° = 180° 4. PQ, RS and TU are parallel lines.
A = 95° AB and CD are the transversals cutting these parallel lines.
B = D = 85° ( Vertically opposite angles equal) The intercepts formed by the parallel lines are proportional
C = A = 95° ( Vertically opposite angles are equal) EF HI
A and C are obtuse angles. B and D are acute .i.e., =
FG IJ
angles. Ans: (95°,85°,95°)
1.65 HI
(ii) L2 =
EG – EF HJ – HI
L1 1.65 HI
B = 105° =
6.6 – 1.65 6.4 – HI
P C = 75°
A = 75° 1 HI
=
3 6.4 – HI
D = 105°
HI = 1.6
IJ = 6.4 – HI = 4.8 cm Ans: (4.8)
A + D = 180°
A + 105° = 180° 5. (i) C = 180° – (External angle at C) = 180° – 130° = 50°
A = 75° The triangle is isosceles. Either C = (A or B) OR
B = D = 105° (∵ Vertically opposite angles are equal) A = B
C = A = 75° (∵ Vertically opposite angles are equal) If C = (A or B), (B or A) will be 180° – 2(50°)
A and C are acute angles. B and D are obtuse i.e., 80°
angles Ans: (75°,105°,75°) 180° – C
If A = B, each of them will be i.e., 65°
2
(iii) A + D = 180° The angles of ABC are 50°, 50°, 80 or 65°, 65°, 50°
A + an acute angle = 180° The largest possible measure of any of the angles of
A = 180° – (an acute angle) = an obtuse angle the triangle is 80° Ans: (80°)
Vertically opposite angles are equal
 B = D and C = A (ii) DAB + EBC = 250°
A and C are obtuse angles. B and D are acute 180° – A + 180° – B = 250°
angles. The measures of A, B and C are obtuse, acute A + B = 110° ––– (1)
and obtuse respectively. Ans: (obtuse, acute, obtuse) EBC + BCF = 230°
 180° – B + 180° – C = 230° a < 15
B + C = 130° –––––(2)
(1) + (2): B + A + B + C = 240° 10 < a < 15
B + 180° = 240°  a = 11 or 12 or 13 or 14
B = 60° If a = 11, b + c = 19, then (b, c) = (10, 9) only
ABC = 60° Ans: (60°) If a = 12, b + c = 18, then (b, c) = (11, 7), (10, 8) but not
(9, 9)
6. One of the angles of the triangle is 50°. The sum of its other If a = 13, b + c = 17, then (b, c) = (12, 5), (11, 6), (10, 7),
two angles is 130°. (9, 8)
(i) The triangle is acute angled i.e., all the angles of the If a = 14, b + c = 16, then (b, c) = (13, 3) (12, 4), (11, 5),
triangles are acute. (10, 6), (9, 7) but not (8, 8)
All the angles of the triangle (in degrees) are integers
Let the other two angles of the triangle be a and b Number of values of (a, b, c) = 12 Ans: (12)
a + b = 130°
(a, b) can be (89, 41), (88, 42), (87, 43),..........(65, 65) 10. (i) AB2 + BC2 = 2304 + 196 = 2500 = 502 = AC2
(a, b) has 25 possible values The triangle ABC is right angled at B.
Number of combinations of the angles of the triangle is BD is the median drawn to AC.
25. D is the midpoint of AC.
(∵ Here (a, b) is same as (b, a). Ans: (25) As the triangle is right angled at B, D is the
circumcenter of triangle ABC.
50
(ii) Let the other two angles of the triangle be a and b BD = AD = CD = = 25
a + b = 130° 2
All the angles of the triangle (in degrees) are integers. G is the centroid of triangle ABC
The triangle is scalene i.e., no two angles of the  G lies on the median BD
triangle are equal. G divides BD in the ratio 2 : 1 such that BG : GD = 2 : 1
1 1 25 25
GD = (BD) = (25) = m Ans: ( )m
(a, b) cannot be (50, 80), or (65, 65) 3 3 3 3
Here (a, b) is same as (b, a)
(a, b) can be (1, 129), (2, 128), (3, 127), .............. (49, (ii) The medians of a triangle T divide the triangle into six
81), (51, 79), .............. (64, 66). parts of equal area. Hence the area of the triangle
(a, b) has 63 possible values. formed by the centroid of T and any of the sides of T
Number of combinations of the angles of the triangle is 63. will be one-third of the area of T.
Area of PQR 30
Ans: (63) Area of triangle GQR = =
3 3
7. Triangle PQR is isosceles. = 10 sq units Ans: (10 sq. Units)
If PQ = PR, PQR = PRQ i.e., PRQ = 30°. But PRQ
11. (i) Let the length of each equal side be x m
= RPS + PSQ = RPS + 75°
The altitude drawn to the base of the isosceles triangle
 PRQ > 75°. This is not possible
180° – PQR
is also a median of the triangle.
If PQ = QR, QPR = PRQ = = 75°. But 28 2
2 x2 = ( ) + (2√15)2 = 196 + 6 = 256
PRQ = RPS + PSQ 2
= RPS + 75°. x = √256 = 16
 PRQ > 75°. Perimeter of the triangle = 2x + 28 = 60 m
This is not possible Ans: (60)
Only possibility is PR = QR
 QPR = PQR = 30° (ii) XY2 + YZ2 = 100 + 576 = 676 = 262 = XZ2
QPS = 180° – (PQS + PSQ) = 180° – (30° + 75°) The triangle XYZ is right angled at Y.
= 75° Let the length of the attitude to XZ be h.
1 1
RPS = QPS – QPR = 75° – 30° = 45° Ans: (45°) Area of XYZ = (XY)(YZ) = (XZ)(h)
2 2
1 1
8. (i) 72 + 242 = 252 ( 72 = 49, 242 = 576, 252 = 625) = (10)(24) = (26)(h)
2 2
The triangle is right angled. Ans: (right angled) (10)(24) 120
h= = m Ans (120
13
)m
(ii) 92 = 81, 102 = 100, 182 = 324 26 13
92 + 102 = 181, 92 + 102 < 182 12. (i) The bisectors of angle B and angle C in triangle ABC
The triangle is obtuse angled. meet at I.
Ans: (obtuse angled) BAC 48°
 BIC = 90° + = 90° + = 114°
2 2
(iii) 82+ =82 82(2) = (8√2)2 Ans: (114°)
The triangle is right angled and isosceles.
Ans: (right angled and isosceles.) (ii) The angle bisector of angle P meets QR at S.
PQ QS
(iv) 8 + 10 = 18  =
PR SR
The sum of two sides of a triangle must be greater
than the third side. QS PQ 15 3
8, 10 and 18 cannot be the sides of a triangle. = = =
SR PR 25 5
Ans: (triangle cannot be formed.)
3 3
9. Let the sides of the triangle be a, b and c. Let a > b > c QS = QR = (32) = 12 m Ans: (12 m)
8 8
a + b + c = 30
As a > b > c, a + b + c < 3a 13. In triangles RSU and PQU, RSU = PQU = 90°
30 < 3a RUS = PUQ
a > 10 The third pair of angles of the two triangles must also be
b+c>a equal
 a + b + c > 2a Triangles RSU and PQU are similar
30 > 2a
 
RS
=
SU
–––– (1)
PA PB AB
PQ QU = =
AQ PR QR
Triangles RSQ and TUQ are similar
RS QS PA 4
 = –––– (2) From (1), =
TU QU PQ 7
RS RS SU + QS QU
Adding (1) and (2), + = = =1 AB PA 4
PQ TU QU QU  = =
QR PQ 7
1 1
RS( + )=1 AB 4
PQ TU
=
70 7
TU + PQ
RS( )=1 4
(PQ) (TU) AB = (70) = 40 cm Ans: (40 cm)
7
(PQ) (TU) (36) (45) (36) (45) 4
RS = = = (45) = 20 (ii) Triangles ABC and DEF are similar
TU + PQ 45 + 36 81 9 BC AC AB
Ans: (20) = =
DF EF DE
14. (i) Basic proportionality theorem: Let each of these equal to k
Whenever we have points on each of two of the sides DF BC 40 5
of a triangle such that the line joining the two points is = = = ––––– (1)
EF AC 32 4
parallel to the third side, then the points divide the Perimeter of DEF is 186 cm
sides they lie on in the same ratio. DE + EF + DF = 186
60 + EF + DF = 186
Converse of the basic proportionality theorem: EF + DF = 126 –––––- (2)
Whenever we have a point on each of two of the sides From (1) and (2), EF = 56 cm and DF = 70 cm
of a triangle such that they divide the sides they lie on Perimeter of ABC = AB + BC + AC = k (DE + DF + EF)
in the same ratio, then the line joining the points is = k (186)
parallel to the third side. AC 32 4 744
= (186) = (186) = (186) = cm
EF 56 7 7
PA PB 4 744
= = ––––– (1) Ans: (
7
) cm
AQ BR 3

By converse of basic proportionality theorem, AB || 15. In triangle ABD and BCD, ABD = DBC
QR. BD is common
In triangles PAB and PQR, P is common  ADB =  BDC
PAB = PQR (∵ corresponding angles are equal) ABD is congruent to CBD
PBA = PRQ (∵ corresponding angles are equal) Ratio of the areas of ABD and CBD i.e BCD = 1 : 1
Triangle PAB and PQR are similar Ans: (1 : 1)

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE

Solutions for questions 1 to5:

1. Let the third side be x cm. Given PQ = 100 cm

82 + 152 > x2, 82 + x2 > 152 and 152 + x2 > 82
289 > x2, x2 > 161 and 152 + x2 > 82 4
 PT = (100) = 80 cm Ans: (80 cm)
152 + x2 > 82 is anyway true 5
 289 > x2 and x2 > 161
x is an integer. 3. BF || CE
 x < 17 and x  13 ––––– (1)
Triangle inequality : 15 – 8 < x < 15 + 8 AB AF
 = –––– (1)
7 < x < 23 –––––– (2) BC FE
From (1) and (2), 13  x < 17
x = 13, 14 15 or 16 Ans: (4) CF || DE
AC AF
 = –––––– (2)
2. SU bisects PSR CD FE
PS PU 128
 = = =8 From (1) and (2),
SR UR 16
AB AC
QS : SR = 2 : 1 i.e., QS = 2SR =
BC CD
PS PS 8
 = = =4 AB AB + BC
QS 2SR 2 =
2 3
ST bisects PSQ
AB AB + 2
PT PS =
 = =4 2 3
TQ QS
AB = 4 cm
4 Ans: (4 cm)
PT = PQ
5
4. Let DFE be x° 5. AD is the angular bisector of BAC
ABC = x°
DE = EF AB BD
 DEC = EDF + DFE = x° + x° = 2x°
 =
AC DC
CD = DE
 DCE = DEC = 2x° 2BD BD
=
CDE = 180° – (DCE + DEC) = 180° – (2x° + 2x°) AC DC
= (180 – 4x)°
CDB = 180° – (CDE + EDF) = 180° – ((180 – 4x)° AC = 2DC
+ x°) = 3x° AC = BC
BC = CD 2DC = BD + DC
 CBD = CDB = 3x° DC = BD
2DC = 2BD
BCD = 180° – (CBD + CDB) = 180° – (3x° + 3x°)
AC = AB
= (180 – 6x)°
AC = AB = BC i.e. triangle ABC is equilateral ––––– (1)
ACB = 180° – (BCD + DCE) = 180° – ((180 – 6x°)
The angular bisectors of the angles of ABC meet at I.
+ 2x°) = 4x°
 I is the incentre of ABC
BAC = 180° – (ABC + ACB) = 180° – (x° + 4x°) BAC 60°
= (180 – 5x°)  BIC = 90° + = 90° + =120° ( From (1))
2 2
AB = BC Ans: (120°)
 BAC = BCA
(180 – 5x)° = 4x°
180° – 5x° = 4x°
9x = 180°
x = 20
DFE = x° = 20° Ans: (20°)
 Solutions for Geometry II
Solutions for questions 1 to 15: 8. OA = OB = OC = radius. Hence, triangles AOB and BOC are
isosceles.
1. Drop perpendiculars PA and QB onto RS. 180° − 50°
Let PA = QB = h. OAB = OBA = = 65°
2
 AB = 10. Similarly, OBC = OCB =
180° − 50°
= 65°
Let AS = x  BR = 21 – x. 2
In triangle PAS, h2 = 102 − x2 ABC = OBA + OBC = 130°.
In triangle QBR, h2 = (172 − (21 − x)2 ) Alternatively, we can also apply the central angle theorem.
100 − x2 = 289 − ( 21 − x)2 Ans : (130°)
100 − x2 = 289 − 212 − x2 + 42x
x = 6. 9. Equal chords that are parallel to each other are equidistant
h2 = 100 − 62 = 64 from the centre.
h = 8.
Alternatively, since 17 and 10 are both part of Pythagorean
triples, by trial and error, we can arrive at h = 8. A Q
P
Ans : (8)
16 20
2. Let E be the point of intersection of the diagonals.
O
AE = EC = 4 cm. (Since the diagonals in a parallelogram
16 20
bisect each other)
In triangle ABC, E is the midpoint of AC.
By Apollonius theorem, AB 2 + BC2 = 2(AE2 + BE2 ) S B R
36 + 64 = 2(16 + BE2)
BE = √34
BD = 2BE = 2√34 cm. OA = OB = 16 cm.
OR = 20 cm
Note: In any parallelogram, d12 + d22 = 2(a2 + b2) where d1,
d2 are the lengths of the diagonals and a, b are the lengths OBR = 90° (Radius bisects the chord perpendicularly)
of the sides of the parallelogram. RB 2 = OR2 − OB 2 = 202 − 162 = 122
RB = 12.
Ans : (2√34 cm)
The length of each chord = RS = 2(RB) = 24.
Ans : (24 cm)
3. The greatest distance between any two points on the
rhombus is equal to the length of the longer diagonal. It is
10. We know that, PA × PB = PT2 (Power of a point)
√3 times the length of the shorter diagonal. 8 × PB = 12 × 12
Hence 2√3 cm is the length of the longer diagonal. PB = 18.
2
(d1 + d2 )
2
(2√3)
2
+ (2)2 AB = PB – PA = 18 – 8 = 10.
Side of the rhombus = √ = √ = 2 cm. Ans : (10 cm)
4 4
Ans : (2 cm)
11. OT = OX = OY = 10 = radius.
n(n − 3) TOA = TOY = 60°. TOA is a 30° – 60° – 90° triangle.
4. The number of diagonals in the polygon =
2 In any such triangle, the ratio of the lengths of the sides
20(17) opposite 30°, 60° and 90° is 1 : √3 : 2.
= = 170 Ans : (170).
2 AO = 2OT = 20
AX = AO + OX = 20 + 10 = 30.
n(n − 3)
5. = 35 Ans : (30 cm)
2
n2 − 3n − 70 = 0
12. BAC = BCY = 70° (Alternate segment theorem)
(n – 10) (n + 7) = 0.
Since ‘n’ is positive, n = 10. Using central angle theorem, BOC = 2(BAC)
Measure of each exterior angle of the regular polygon = 2(70°) = 140°. Ans : (140°)
360° 360°
= = = 36°. Ans : (36°) 13. EAC = 180° – 80° = 100°
n 10
EAC + CDE = 180° (Sum of the opposite angles in
3(360°) (180°) (3) a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°).
6. Given that, = CDE = 80°
n 5
 n = 10. CDE + CBE = 180° (Cyclic quadrilateral)
360° 360° CBE = 100°. Ans : (100°)
Each interior angle = 180° – ( ) = 180 – ( ) = 144°.
n 10
14. The length of each direct common tangent
Ans : (144°)
= √(Distance betwen the centres)2 − (R1 − R 2 )2 )
7. Let O be the centre of the regular hexagon. There are six = √202 − (15 − 3)2 = √256 = 16.
equilateral triangles AOB, BOC, COD, DOE, EOF and FOA. Ans : (16 cm)
OB = BC = 10 cm and OE = DE = 10 cm.
BOE = BOC + COD + DOE = 60° + 60° + 60° = 180°. 15. AOB = 2(ACB)
BOE is a straight line.
 ACB = 15°
 BE = BO + OE = 20 cm.
In triangle BDE, BD2 = BE 2 − ED2 = 202 −102 = 300 In triangle ABC, ABC = 180° – 40° – 15° = 125°.
Ans : (125°)
Hence, BD = 10√3 cm Ans : (10√3 cm)
 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE
Solutions for questions 1 to 5: 5. The perpendicular drawn from the centre of the circle to the
chord, bisects the chord.
1. BD = OB + OD Let A and C be the midpoints of the chords whose lengths
OA × OC = 9 × 16 = OB × OD (Power of a point) are 36 cm and 48 cm respectively. Let B and D be one of the
Product of OB and OD is constant. endpoints of the chords whose lengths are 36 cm and 48 cm
Their sum, i.e., BD is minimum when both are equal. respectively.
The minimum value of BD occurs when OB = OD
= √9 × 16 i.e., 12.
18 A 18
Hence, minimum value of BD = 24. Ans : (24) B

2. ADC = PAC = 70° (Alternate segment theorem) 30

ABC + ADC = 180° (Opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral O
are supplementary) 30
ABC = 180° – ADC = 180⁰ – 70° = 110°.
Ans : (110°)
C 24 D
24
3. An external angle of a cyclic quadrilateral equals the internal
angle of the quadrilateral opposite to it.
External angle at P = QRS and
External angle at R = QPS OA2 = OB2 − AB2 = 302 − 182 = 576
QRS : QPS = 2 : 3  OA = 24
QRS + QPS = 180° (Opposite angles in a cyclic OC2 = OD2 − CD2 = 302 − 242 = 324
quadrilateral are supplementary)  OC = 18
2x + 3x = 180  2x = 72°. Ans : (72°) AC = OA + OC = 24 + 18
= 42 cm. Ans : (42 cm)
n−3 3
4. n( ) = ( ) (180)(n − 2)
2 100
10n2 − 30n = 108n − 216
10n2 − 138n + 216 = 0
10n2 − 120n − 18n + 216 = 0
n = 12 or 1.8
n has to be an integer. Hence, n = 12. Ans : (12)
 Solutions for Geometry Test

Solutions for questions 1 to 25: 6. From the chord CD, CAD = CBD.
Let CAD = .
1. In triangle ABQ, AQB + BAQ + ABQ = 180°
R
 20° + 60° +  + 60° +  = 180° [∵BAP = ABP = 60°].
  = 20°
S In triangle BDQ, BQD = DBQ = 20°
x
 DQ = BD = 7 cm.

Triangles AGF and BGD are similar.

P x Q
AF AG
Let PQ = PR = x   Choice (D)
BD BG
Let S be the foot of the perpendicular from P to QR.  PSQ
and  PSR are 30° – 60° – 90° triangles.
AG 5
 Ratio of the sides of each triangle is 1 : 3 :2 7. 
BG 4
3x 3x 5
QR = QS + SR =   3x AG = BG …… (1)
2 2 4
Perimeter = 2x + 3 x = 32 + 16 3  x = 16 5
AF = BD …… (2)
4
1
Area of PQR = (PQ) (PR) sinP Subtracting (2) from (1),
2 5
CG = EG Choice (B)
1 2 3 4
= ( x )( )  64 3 . Ans: (64)
2 2
8. AB = 18, AG = 10
2. As CD is the diameter of the circle, CAD = 90
ADC = 180° – (CAD + ACD) And AC : CG = 3:2
A B

= 180° – (90 + 40)° = 50°  AC = AF = 6

C
D
ABC = 180° – ADC = 130° GF = AG2  AF2  102  62 = 8 cm Ans: (8)
(opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral)
BCA + BAC = 180° – ABC = 50. 9. Let Q and P be the centres of the bigger and the smaller
Ans: (50) circles respectively and C be the point of contact.
3. Let the number of sides of the polygon be n. The number of
diagonals in that polygon will be
n(n−3)
= 3n
2
n–3=6 Q
n=9 
(n−2)
Each interior angle of the polygon = 180° C P
n
7 
= 180° ( ) = 140° Choice (D)
9 B A O
4. Let the height of the trapezium be h
CD – AB = ED + FC = 8 cm ................(1) Let PA = r and QB = R, OQ = 2 QB = 2 R and
As the trapezium is isosceles, BC = AD = 5 cm
OQ = OP + PC + CQ = 2 r + r + R
DE = AD2  h2 A B
 R ( 2  1) = r ( 2 + 1)
FC = BC2  h2 2 1
r= R  (3  2 2) R = 4 (3  2 2 )
D C 2 1
As AD = BC, DE = FC = 4cm E F
[ from (1)] Choice (D)

h= AD  DE  5  4 cm = 3 cm.
2 2 2 2
Ans: (3) 10. PQRS is a cyclic trapezium. Therefore, it is isosceles. Also
 P =  R   P =  R = 900 irrespective of which two
5. As BD and DC are tangents to the circle, sides are parallel, Q  S = 900
OBD = OCD = 90° PQRS is a rectangle.
In quadrilateral OBDC
BOC = 360° – (OBD + OCD + BDC)
= 360° – (90° + 90° + ) = 180° –  PQ QR  =
240
(  PR is the circumdiameter of PQRS)
 PR 
2 169 
  
BAC = (1/2) BOC = 90° – Choice (D)
2  2 
 PQ QR  240 14.

 
= R
 
PQ   QR 
2 2 169
4
PQ QR  = 60 8

PQ 2  QR 2 169 S

60 (PQ)2 – 169 (PQ) (QR) + 60 (QR)2 = 0 T
b a
(5 PQ – 12 QR) (12 PQ – 5 QR) = 0
PQ 12 5
= or 8
QR 5 12 2a
G
Ratio of the perimeter of PQRS to the sum of the diagonals 2b
2 (PQ  QR ) PQ  QR
of PQRS = =
2PR PR P Q
4 5
12 K  5 K 17
= = Choice (C) Two of the medians are perpendicular. Two of the sides are
13 K 13 given. We want the third side.
Let GS = a  PG = 2a
11. P Q Let GT = b  QG = 2b
 
(2a2) + (2b2) = 4 5
2

T (a)2 + (2b)2 = (8)2

16 44
Upon solving, a2 = and b2 =
3 3
PT = 4a2  b2  6
S R
 PR = 12. Ans: (12)
QPS = 90o (∵ QPSR is a square) 15. Let the length of the perpendicular sides be a and b.
TPS = 60o (∵ ∆ TPS is equilateral) ……. (1) a2 + b2 = 342 = [(2)(17)]2 = 22 (172) = 22(82 + 152)
 QPT = 30o = 162 + 302
(a, b) can be (16, 30) or (30, 16). In either case, a + b = 46
In ∆ PQT, PQ = PT (∵ PT = PS and PS = PQ)  Perimeter = 46 + (hypotenuse)
 PTQ = PQT = 75o ………. (2) = 46 + 34 = 80
Similarly STR = 75o ……… (3) Perimeter is 80. Choice (C)
From (1), (2), (3) QTR = 150o (∵ the sum of all the non
16.
overlapping angles at a point is 360o). Ans: (150) B
12. PQ = RS
Let QT and RU be the perpendiculars drawn to PS. a–r a–r
QT = RU ………… (1)
Q R
PT = PQ  QT and
2 2
F
5 D
US = RS  RU
2 2 5
b–r
PT = US (From (1)) r
6x C 6x
Let PT = x  A
Let C be the mid point of P x T 12  2x U x S C r E b–r
PS.
QT2 = QP2 – PT2 = CQ2 – TC2 Let the triangle be ABC. Let C = 90°. The inradius r = 9 and
2 the circumradius R = 37.5
 12 
52 – x2 =   – (CP – PT)2 BC and AC are tangents to the incircle at the points of
 2  contact of the incircle with the sides of the triangle. Let these
25 points be D, E, F as shown.
52 – x2 = 62 – (6 – x) 2, x = BD = BF = a – r, CD = CE = r, AE = AF = b – r.
12
 c = a + b – 2r  a + b = 2R + 2r = 2(37.5 + 9) = 93
47 Perimeter = 2(a + b) – 2r
TU = PS – (PT + US) = 12 – (2x) = Choice (C)
6 Perimeter = 2 (93) –2(9) = 168 Choice (B)

13. Let BC = x and CD = y A 17. a + b + c = 30

AC bisects BAD Each side of a triangle must be less than its semiperimeter
AB = 2x, As
AB AD
 , Each of a, b, c is less than 15.
BC CD 2x 2y Also a ≤ b ≤ c. c ranges from 10 to 14
2x E When c is 10, a + b = 20. (a, b) = (10, 10)
AD = ( y) = 2y
x When c is 11, a + b = 19. (a, b) = (9, 10), (8, 11)
As AD = BD, 2y = x + y When c is 12, a + b = 18. (a, b) = (9, 9), (8, 10), (7, 11), (6, 12)
 y = x. B x y D
C When c is 13, a + b = 17. (a, b) = (8, 9,), (7, 10), (6, 11),
AB (2x) = AD (2y) = BD(x + y) (5, 12), (4, 13)
The triangle ABD is equilateral and as AC and DE are the When c is 14, a + b = 16. (a, b) = (8, 8),
bisectors, AE = CD. (7, 9), (6, 10), (5, 11), (4, 12), (3, 13), (2, 14)
Hence, AE : CD = x : x = 1 : 1 Choice (A) There are 19 such triangles. Ans: (19)
18. CBD = 50° as EBF and CBD are vertically opposite 23. Let the length of BC be x.
angles, and EBF = CBD 1
BAD = 180° – BCD = 110°(cyclic quadrilateral) Area of ABC = (AD) (BC). This is also equal to
2
ADC = 180° – BAD (as AB  CD) = 70°
BDC = 180 – (BCD + CBD) ( AB)(BC)(AC)
, where R is the circumradius of ABC.
= 180° – (70 + 50) = 60° 4R
ADB = ADC – BDC = 70° – 60° = 10°. Ans: (10) 1 ( AB)(BC)(AC)
(AD)(BC) =
19. 2 4R
A
30
P B

1
(6) (BC) =
22.5BC8
 R = 15.
75
75 2 4R
Alternatively, we can use sine rule,
a b c
`    2R , to find R. Ans: (15)
15 sin A sin b sin c

D 24. P
C
As APD : DPC : CDB = 2 : 5 : 5
APD = 30°, DPC = 75°, CPB = 75°
U
PCD = 75°, and PD = DC S
In  DAP, A = 90°, P = 30°
PD = 2AD hence DC = 2 AD
or AB : BC = 2. Choice (C) Q T R
PSTU is a parallelogram
20. C1 C2 = 10 cm
A Areaof PSTU 2x
OC1 = 5 cm Area of PSU = Area of SUT = = (say) = x
O 2 2
AC1 = 10 cm
C1 C2 Let the distance between PQ and UT be d. The ratio of the
1 1
 AO = 10  5 2 2
t areas of SQT and PSU = (SQ) (d) : (SP) (d) = SQ : SP
B 2 2
=5 3 25
 = SQ : SP -------- (1)
AB = 10 3 cm. Choice (B) x
The ratio of the areas of RTU and PSU = RU : UP
21. Both parallel chords can be either on the same side of the 36 RU
center or on either side of the center.  = ----------- (2)
x PU
Suppose the chords of lengths 36 cm and 48 cm are
AB and CD respectively. QS QT RT RU
= and =
Suppose the center of the circle is O. QP QR RQ RP
Case  : The chords are on the same side of the center. QS RU QT RT
+ = +
7 B QP RP QR RQ
A E
 25 36
+ =1
C F D
x  25 x  36
 25( x  36)  36( x  25)
= 1  x = 30
( x  25)(x  36)
 Area of PSTU = 2x = 60.
O
Suppose E and F are the midpoints of the chords AB and CD Alternative Solution:
respectively.
AB CD ∆SQT, ∆UTR and ∆PQR are similar triangles in which QT,
EB = = 18 cm and FD = = 24 cm.
2 2 TR and QR are corresponding sides.
Distance between the chords = EF = OE – OF As the areas of ∆SQT and ∆UTR are 25 and 36,
 OB 2  EB 2  OD 2  FD 2 QT:TR = 5:6 and QT: TR :QR = 5 : 6 : 11.

 30  18
2 2
 30  24
2 2
 6 cm The area of ∆PQR is 121 and that of quadrilateral PSTU is

Case -  : The chords are on either side of the center. It can 121 – (25 + 36) = 60. Choice (A)
be similarly shown that the distance between the chords 25. : Let the area of the triangle be A.
= 24 + 18 = 42 cm. Choice (B) Let the sides to which the altitudes 9, 12, 16 are drawn be a,
b, c, respectively
7 sin Q  4 sin R 13
22.  1 1 1
6 sin Q  2 sin R 6 (a) (9) = (b) (12) = (c) (16) = A
2 2 2
42 sinQ + 24 sinR = 78 sinQ – 26 sinR
2A 2A 2A
sin R 18 a= ,b= ,C=
50 sinR = 36 sinQ   9 12 16
sin Q 25
Sum of any two of a, b, c is more than the third  is true
From Sine rule,
: Let the area of the triangle be A
sin R PQ
 2A 2A 2A
sin Q PR The sides of the triangle are , ,
8 12 15
PQ 18
  . As PQ = 18, PR = 25. Ans: (25) Sum of any two of the sides is more than the third
PR 25  is true. Ans: (2)