Teachers’ Manual

COMPUTER STUDIES

Class V

Dilip Kumar Dey Vijay Kumar Pandey

B.Sc., B.Ed., Diploma in Computer Science MCA, BCA, Diploma in Computer Science
Faculty, Computer Science H.O.D., Computer Science
Rajendra Vidyalaya, Sakchi Rajendra Vidyalaya, Sakchi
Jamshedpur-831001 (Jharkhand) Jamshedpur-831001 (Jharkhand)

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AVICHAL PUBLISHING COMPANY

Industrial Area, Trilokpur Road, Kala Amb 173  030, Distt. Sirmour (HP)
Delhi Office: 1002, Faiz Road (opp. Hanumanji Murti), Karol Bagh, New Delhi 110  005
 Contents

Chapter 1 Evolution of Computer 1

Chapter 2 Types of Software 5

Chapter 3 Advanced Features of Word Processor 9

Chapter 4 Presentation Software-Special Effects 13

Chapter 5 An Introduction to Scratch Programming 17

Chapter 6 Internet Services 25

Chapter 7 Algorithms and Flowcharts 29

Chapter 8 Fundamental of QBASIC

(A Programming Language) 36
 Chapter 1

Evolution of Computer

Exercises

Objective
I. Multiple choice questions:
Ans. 1. Charles Babbage
2. Machine Language
3. Formula Translation
4. Microprocessor
5. 1 nanosecond = 10-9 second
II. Fill in the blanks:
Ans. 1. John Napier
2. Charles Babbage
3. Earth and Heaven
4. Pascaline
5. Transistors
III. State True or False for each of the following statements:
Ans. 1. True 2. False 3. False 4. False 5. True
IV. Name the main components used in:
Ans. 1. Vacuum Tubes
2. Transistors
3. Integrated circuit
V. Write down the full forms of:
Ans. 1. ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
(Calculator)
2. IBM: International Business Machine
3. LSI: Large Scale Integration
4. KIPS: Kilobytes Instructions Per Second
5. COBOL: Common Business Oriented Language

1
VI. Name two computer languages developed in:
1. Second generation computers:
(a) COBOL (b) FORTRAN
2. Third generation computers:
(a) BASIC (b) PASCAL
3. Fourth generation computers:
(a) C++ (b) JAVA
VII. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
(a) Egypt (b) Calculator
(c) 5 (d) 1
Unsolved:
Inventor Machine/Device
Charles Babbage Analytical Engine
John Napier Napier’s Bones
Howard H. Aiken Mark – 1
Joseph Jacquard Jacquard Loom
Gottfried Leibnitz Stepped Reckoner

Subjective
I. Write short notes on:
1. Pascal’s Adding Machine:
Ans. In the year 1642, a French mathematician, Blaise
Pascal, developed an adding machine, known as
Pascal’s Adding Machine (Pascaline). It was the first
ever mechanical and automatic calculating machine or
calculator. This machine could perform only addition
and subtraction. Moreover, multiplication can also be
done with the repeated addition.
2. Napier’s Bones
Ans. John Napier, a Scottish mathematician, developed
a manually operated calculating device named as
Napier’s Bones. It was considered to be the world’s
first calculator that could multiply, divide and find the
square root of a number. Using the multiplication tables,

2 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 embedded in the rods, multiplication can be reduced
to repeated addition and division can be reduced to
repeated subtraction.
II. Long Answer Questions.
1. How does an ABACUS work? Explain.
Ans. The ABACUS is a wooden frame divided into upper
and lower decks called Heaven and Earth respectively.
The upper deck contains two beads whereas, the lower
deck contains five beads. Each bead of Heaven is equal
to five whereas, that of Earth is one. If none of the beads
(from heaven or earth) is brought near the divider then
it represents zero.
The extreme right rod denoted unit place whereas, the
rods towards left denote Ten’s, Hundred’s, Thousand’s,
etc. by sliding the rods near the divider counting is
done.
2. What is the contribution made by Charles Babbage in
the history of computers? Explain.
Ans. In the year 1822, Charles Babbage designed and
developed a machine, known as Difference Engine.
This machine could perform most of the mathematical
calculations. After working on the Difference Engine
for 10 years, Babbage designed another machine named
as Analytical Engine in 1833, which could perform the
tasks based on instructions. Based on the concept of the
Analytical engine, today’s computers are manufactured.
This is the reason why he is regarded as the father of
computers.
3. What are the characteristics of computers? Explain.
Ans. The characteristics of the computers are as follows:
(i) Speed: A computer can perform calculations at
a very fast speed. It can perform thousands of
mathematical operations in a fraction of a second
(i.e., in nanoseconds or even in picoseconds).
(ii) Accuracy: A computer system is a highly accurate
electronic device. It performs each and every
calculation with the same accuracy. An error

Evolution of Computer | 3
 occurring in the process may be due to wrong
instructions of data fed by the users.
(iii) Storage: A computer has a memory that stores all
the data and information. The data remains in the
memory of the system unless it is deleted. The
storage of data can be temporary or permanent
in nature.
(iv) Diligence: A computer, unlike humans, does not get
tired. It can work continuously for hours without
any error. It will maintain the same accuracy and
speed even after millions of calculations.
4. What are the limitations of computers? Explain with
example.
Ans. A computer has the following limitations:
• A computer cannot decide the type of operation to be
performed. It does the work based on the instructions
given by the users.
• A computer cannot think of its own as when to start
up a job and when to complete.
• A computer cannot express any idea as how to code
the instruction or perform the tasks. It is completely
dependent on the ideas of the users.

4 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Chapter 2

Types of Software

Exercises

Objective
I. Multiple choice questions:
Ans. 1. Microsoft
2. Machine code
3. Backup
4. Scanning
5. Mac
II. Fill in the blanks:
Ans. 1. Hardware
2. System software
3. Operating system
4. Defragmentation
5. Operation support
6. Utility software
III. State whether the following statements are ‘True’ or
‘False’:
Ans. 1. False 2. True 3. True 4. False 5. False
IV. Name the following:
1. Two examples of system software
Ans. (a) Operating system
(b) Compiler
2. Two categories of application software
Ans. (a) General purpose
(b) Special purpose

5
 3. Two examples of customised software
Ans. (a) Accounting system
(b) Inventory control system
4. Three examples of utility system
Ans. (a) Backup
(b) Scan
(c) Disk defragmentation
5. Three tasks performed by operation control system
Ans. (a) Service assurance
(b) Service delivery
(c) Service fulfilment
V. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
Ans. (a) Compiler (b) Operating system
(c) Assembler (d) Notepad
Unsolved:
Ans. (a) MS Excel (b) KMPlayer
(c) Microsoft Edge (d) MS PowerPoint

Subjective
I. Answer the following questions
1. What do you mean by system software?
Ans. System software is a program specially designed to
control various activities of a computer system. It
manages smooth working of hardware as well as
software components of a computer. It establishes a
link between hardware and the user’s programs.
2. What is disk defragmentation?
Ans. Sometimes, it may happen that the size of a file is
too large to fit in a specific location of the hard disk.
Hence, a part of the file is shifted to another location
on the hard disk is said to be a fragment of the file.
The fragmented file needs loading information from
various locations of the hard disk and hence takes more
execution time.

6 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 To overcome the shortcoming of a fragmented file,
defragmentation is used. Defragmentation refers to
collecting scattered segments of the file and managing
its storage in one specific place of the hard disk.
Hence, the defragmented file takes less time during its
execution.
3. Define utility software.
Ans. Utility software is system software that performs specific
tasks related to managing a computer, its devices, or
its programs. For example, the device driver is a utility
program used to control a particular device that is
connected to a computer. Some of the utility software
are backup, scan, disk defragment, etc.
4. What is the purpose of media player in a computer?
Ans. The media player is software that allows us to play
audio or video files on a computer or laptop. The media
files can be created by the users or downloaded from
internet.
5. What do you mean by operation support system?
Ans. The operation support system is abbreviated as OSS. It
is used by Telecommunications Service Providers (TSP)
as a network support system (telephone network).
It provides the facilities to take care of network
requirements. It includes the following managements:
• Service assurance
• Service delivery
• Service fulfilment
• Network management
• Customer care
II. Differentiate between the following:
1. System software and application software
Ans. System software is a program specially designed to
control various activities of a computer system. It
manages smooth working of hardware as well as
software components of a computer.

Types of Software | 7
 Application software is a set of programs that provides
a platform for the user to carry out his/her tasks.
Application software runs in the background of system
software (Operating system).
2. Compiler and Interpreter
Ans. The compiler is a language translator which converts
the whole high level program at once to the machine
code. It works faster as compared to an interpreter.
The interpreter is also a language translator which
converts high level program into machine code one line
at a time.
3. General purpose software and Special purpose software
Ans. Application software developed to serve different
purposes of the user is said to be general-purpose
application software. It is used to perform different
tasks using a computer system. For example, MS Word,
MS Excel, Microsoft Edge, etc.
Special purpose application software is designed
specially to carry out only one type of task. Hence, it is
also referred to as task specific application software. For
example, accounting system, Inventory control system,
Railway reservation system, etc.
4. Scanning and Backup
Ans. Sometimes, our computer may be virus infected and
does not work properly. In such situation, we need to
traverse each and every file of the hard disk in order
to detect and remove viruses is termed as scanning.
Backup is the technique to get the duplicate copy of the
entire hard disk on an external disk or pen drive. It is
done with the purpose that the files can be recovered,
if original files get corrupted or destroyed. The backup
files may also be carried from one place to other.

8 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Chapter 3

Advanced Features of Word Processor

Exercises

Objective
I. Multiple choice questions:
Ans. 1. Clip Board
2. m3
3. Esc
4. Layout
5. 0.5 inch
II. State whether the following statements are ‘True’ or
‘False’:
Ans. 1. False 2. True 3. False 4. True 5. True
III. Fill in the blanks:
Ans. 1. Header and Footer
2. Left and Right
3. Bottom and Top
4. Cursor
5. Insert
IV. Answer the following:
Ans. 1. Four different tasks to format a document
(a) Format Painter (b) Shadow effect
(c) Subscript (d) Superscript
2. Four different basic shapes
(a) Triangle (b) Square
(c) Rectangle (d) Hexagon
3. Four different types of margin
(a) Top margin (b) Bottom margin
(c) Left margin (d) Right margin

9
 V. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
Ans. (a) Insert (b) Ctrl + H
(c) Find Next (d) Esc
Unsolved:
Ans. (a) Format Painter (b) Superscript
(c) Margin (d) Subscript

Subjective
I. Write short notes on
1. Format painter
Ans. It is one of the formatting tools where we can quickly
apply the same formatting (viz. font color, font style,
font size, border style) to multiple pieces of text or
graphics. The application of this tool is similar to the
copy and paste operation.
2. Subscript and Subscript
Ans. MS Word provides two different buttons to represent
texts i.e., superscript and subscript. The superscript
button is used to represent some text/data above
the normal line and the subscript button is used to
represent the text below the normal line.
3. Margin
Ans. In MS Word, a margin is defined as the space between
the text and the edge of a document. By default, a new
document is set to ‘Normal’ which means it has one
inch margin on either side. Depending on the need, we
can change the margin of our document. Moreover, the
system provides four types of margins viz. left, right,
top and bottom
4. Indent Text
Ans. It is a structure of a line, paragraph or paragraphs which
separates from rest part of a document. By default, the
left indent and the right indent are set by the system. It
makes the texts or paragraphs look different from the
normal presentation. It also increases readability of the
document.

10 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 5. Page orientation
Ans. It is the direction of texts or graphics in which a
document is displayed or printed. Basically, the system
provides two types of page orientation:
(i) Portrait (vertical) (ii) Landscape (horizontal)
The default orientation is typically portrait but we can
change it to landscape, if we want the width to be
longer than the height.
II. Write down all the steps to perform these tasks:
1. Border and Shading
Ans. To perform this task, follow these steps:
Step 1: At first, select the paragraph or the page where
the border is to be applied.
Step 2: Click Border tool in Paragraph group under
Home tab.
 Step 3: Select Borders and Shading option from the
dropdown list. It will display Borders and Shading
dialog box.
Step 4: Set different parameters such as type, style,
colour and width of the border.
Step 5: Finally, click OK button.
Thus, the border will be applied to the selected
document.
To apply shading, perform the following steps:
Step 1: Select the text or the paragraph.
Step 2: Click the Shading tool in the Paragraph group
under Home tab. It will display a dropdown list
showing Theme Colors.
Step 3: Select an appropriate colour from the Theme
Colors or Standard Colors.
Thus, the selected colour is shown as background
colour for the selected text or the paragraph.
2. Drawing basic shapes
Ans. Step 1: Select the Insert tab.
Step 2: Click Shapes command.
Step 3: Select the shape to be drawn from the dropdown
list.

Advanced Features of Word Processor | 11

 Step 4: Bring the mouse pointer to the working area
from where the shape is to be drawn.
Step 5: Click and drag the mouse unless the shape with
desired size is drawn.
Step 6: Release the mouse button.
The shape is thus drawn in the working area.
3. Find and replace a text
Ans. To perform find and replace action, follow these steps:
Step 1: Click Replace on the Ribbon under Home tab.
The Find and
Replace dialog box will appear on the screen.
Step 2: Type the text that you want to search, in the
Find what text box. Type the text you want to replace
it with, in the Replace with text box.
Step 3: Finally, click Replace to substitute the word one
by one.
Step 4: We can also click Replace All to substitute all the
occurrences of the searched word with the new word
at one time.
Step 5: Finally, click OK button.
4. Header and Footer
Ans. To add header/footer in a document, perform these
steps:
Step 1: Open the document in which you want to insert
Header/footer.
Step 2: Select the Insert tab.
Step 3: Click Header/footer option. It displays the
different built-in styles for header/footer.
Step 4: Select an appropriate built-in style from the
dropdown box.
Now, we will notice that the header/footer area will be
indicated with a dotted line.
Step 5: Now, enter header/footer text in the box.
Step 6: Double click outside the header/footer box. The
header/footer will be applied to entire document.

12 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Chapter 4

Presentation Software-Special Effects

Exercises

Objective
I. Multiple choice questions:
Ans. 1. *.pptx
2. Slides
3. Save As
4. Themes
5. Ctrl+J
II. Fill in the blanks.
Ans. 1. Insert
2. Basic
3. 360
4. Save As
5. Ctrl + M
III. Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ for the following statements.
Ans. 1. True 2. True 3. False
4. True 5. False 6. True
IV. Name the following:
1. Two options available in Quick Access tool bar
(a) Open (b) Save
2. Two tabs in Menu bar
(a) Home (b) Insert
3. Two types of built-in templates
(a) Award certificates (b) Gift certificates
4. Two ways to format background
(a) Solid Fill (b) Gradient Fill

13
 V. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
(a) Quick Access Toolbar (b) Presentation 1
(c) Ribbon (d) Slide
Unsolved:
(a) 4 (b) Solid Fill
(c) Apply to All (d) Design

Subjective
I. Write short notes on:
1. Backstage View
Ans. It is a full-page view that provides information about
the file. When you click ‘File’ tab, it displays ‘Backstage’
view (by default) which allows you to perform some
basic tasks.
2. Themes
Ans. Themes are basically designed built-in templates that
can be applied to the entire presentation. They provide
different background designs for the presentation.
3. Built-in Templates
Ans. Built-in template is a pattern or blue print of a slide or
group of slides to make presentations in PowerPoint.
The built-in templates contain specific layouts, colors,
fonts, effects, background styles or even content. It
provides a basic format where you need to provide the
contents to make a presentation.
4. WordArt
Ans. It is a special gallery to add artistic effects to the texts.
WordArt effect is mostly applied to headings, sub-
headings, slogans or quotes in a presentation.
II. Write down all the steps with reference to PowerPoint
to perform these tasks:
Ans. 1. Inserting WordArt
To insert WordArt, perform these steps:
Step 1: Open an existing presentation.
Step 2: Select the slide in which you want to use

14 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 WordArt or insert a new slide.
Step 3: Select ‘Insert’ tab and then click ‘WordArt’
option. A gallery of different WordArt effects will
appear.
Step 4: Select the style. A text box will be available in
the slide with the message ‘Your text here’.
Now, you can write your text with the selected style.
2. Inserting Shapes
The different steps are:
Step 1: Select the slide in which you want to draw the
shape.
Step 2: Click ‘Insert’ tab.
Step 3: Click ‘Shapes’ from the options available in
‘Illustrations’ group.
Step 4: Select the shape that you want to draw.
Step 5: Bring your mouse pointer in the slide.
Step 6: Click and drag the mouse pointer according to
required size and shape.
Step 7: Release the mouse button.
You will see the shape is drawn in the slide.
3. Inserting Pictures from a storage device
To insert pictures to a slide, perform these steps:
Step 1: Select the slide or insert a new slide layout.
Step 2: Select ‘Insert’ tab and click ‘Pictures’ from the
‘Images’ group.
Step 3: An ‘Insert Picture’ window appears on the
screen. Select the source of picture.
Step 4: Select the picture you want to insert.
Step 5: Click ‘Insert’ button.
The selected picture will appear on the slide.
4. Inserting online pictures
You can also insert pictures online. Perform these steps:
Step 1: Open an existing presentation.
Step 2: Select the slide to which you want to add online
picture.
Step 3: Connect your computer to Internet service.

Presentation Software-Special Effects | 15

 Step 4: Select ‘Insert’ and then click ‘Online Pictures’
under ‘Images’ group. An ‘Insert Pictures’ window will
appear on the screen.
Step 5: In the ‘Bing’ search box, type the topic (say,
playing soccer). It will display all the relevant pictures
on the screen.
Step 6: Select the appropriate picture from the list and
tick (✓) the box.
Step 7: Click ‘Insert’ and the selected picture will be
inserted in the slide.
Step 8: Set the picture to desired place within the slide.
Thus, online picture will be inserted in the selected
slide.
5. Changing background colour of a slide with a solid fill
To apply solid colour to your slides, follow these steps:
Step 1: Select the slide.
Step 2: Click ‘Design’ tab. You will notice that the
‘Format Background’ tab appears on the right side of
the ‘Ribbon’. By default, it is set to ‘Solid Fill’.
Step 3: Click down arrow (▼) of the ‘Color’ button.
Step 4: Click ‘More Colors’ option. ‘Colors’ window
appears on the screen.
Step 5: Choose the appropriate colour under ‘Standard’
tab.
Step 6: You can also click ‘Custom’ tab to choose the
shade.
Step 7: Finally, click ‘OK’.
Thus, the selected background colour or shade will be
available in the current slide.

16 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Chapter 5

An Introduction to Scratch Programming

Exercises

Objective
I. Multiple Choice Questions:
Ans. 1. It is a block-based visual programming language.
2. Mitchel Resnick
3. Script area
4. Go
5. *.sb3
6. Stage area
II. Fill in the blanks.
Ans. 1. Program
2. Scratch
3. Stage
4. Stage
5. Yellow
6. Scratch script
7. Motion
8. Control
III. Match the following:
Scratch Block Category Name of the block
Control

Operators

Events

Motion

17
 IV. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
Ans. (a) Cat
(b) Change y by 10
(c) Motion

(d) Forever
Unsolved:
Ans. (a) Pen (b) Add Extension
(c) Pen down (d) Pen up

Subjective
I. Write short notes with reference to Scratch:
1. Stage
Ans. It is a platform where the objects appear when the
script is run or played. The effect added to the objects is
visualised on the stage. By default, the stage has white
background.
2. Sprite
Ans. The object that performs actions on the stage, is referred
to as Sprite. It can be taken from the sprite library, a
camera or created using paintbrush. The Cat that we see
on the white background, is referred to as the default
sprite.
3. Script Area
Ans. The script area is the middle pane of the Scratch window
where the various categories of blocks are dragged and
dropped from the block palette while designing Scratch
scripts.
4. Backdrop
Ans. The backdrop refers to as the background of the stage
of the Scratch window. It gives the real look of the
animation when the project is run on the stage.
5. Block Palette
Ans. The block palette is an area on the scratch window
that displays the list of blocks available under a specific
category.

18 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

II. Explain the following block categories with reference to
Scratch:
1. Control
Ans. The control block is coded with golden colour. It allows
you to control the various actions of a sprite on the
stage. Some of the blocks under this category includes
wait, repeat, forever, if-then, if-then-else, etc.
2. Motion
Ans. This category of the block is coded with light blue colour
which helps a sprite to move on the stage in different
directions. Some of the blocks in this category include
move, turn to degrees (clockwise or anti-clockwise), etc.
3. Sensing
Ans. Sensing block is coded with cyan (light blue), and can
enable (detect) things of a sprite using sensing effects.
Some of the blocks under this category are touching
mouse pointer, touching color, ask, etc.
4. Events
Ans. This block is used to sense events and essentials for
every project which prompts the Scratch scripts to run
on the stage. This category is coded with light yellow
colour. The various blocks under this category are
‘when flag clicked’, ‘when selected key pressed’, ‘when
this sprite clicked’, etc.
5. Looks
Ans. This block is used to change the appearance of a sprite
or stage. The colour of this block is coded with purple
that includes the various looks such as say, think, switch
costume, next costume, show, hide, etc.
III. Answer the following questions.
1. What do you mean by Scratch programming?
Ans. Scratch is a block-based visual programming language
developed at MIT Media Lab by Mitchel Resnick that
helps to simplify coding for the beginners. We can
design a program that may be our own interactive
stories, games and animations.

An Introduction to Scratch Programming | 19

 2. Write down all the steps to perform the following tasks
in Scratch:
Ans. (a) To grow or shrink the size of a sprite
 We can change the size of a sprite as per your
requirement. To do so, take the following steps:
 Step 1: Select the sprite. It may be your default
sprite or any other sprite available on the stage.
Step 2: Click Motion block from the block categories.
Step 3: Select block (say, Change size by 10). Drag
and drop the block in the script area.
Step 4: Click once onto the block. You will notice
that the sprite will grow by 10%. It means on every
click, the sprite will keep growing by 10%.
(b) To add a new sprite
We can add more sprites as per our need. To add
a sprite on the stage, take the following steps:
Step 1: Select and click Choose a Sprite button which
is available below the stage area. ‘Choose a Sprite’
window will appear on the screen.
Step 2: Select a sprite as per your choice.
 Thus, the selected sprite will appear at random
position on the stage.
(c) To create a new project
 We can take the following steps to perform the
above task:
 Step 1: Click File option on the menu bar. A
dropdown list will appear.
Step 2: Select New option from the list.
Step 3: A Scratch Project window will appear on the
screen, where we can start our new project.
 Step 4: Now, pick the blocks from appropriate
category and drop them in script area.
Step 5: Keep adding the blocks one below the other.
Thus, the required script (program) is ready for the
execution.
(d) To save a project
To save a project, you can take the following steps:

20 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

  Step 1: Click File option on the menu bar. A
dropdown list will appear on the screen.
Step 2: Select Save to our computer option. The Save
As dialog box will appear on the screen.
Step 3: Select the drive where we want to save the
project. Enter the file name in the File name text
box (say, Scratch Project 1) and click Save button.
Thus, the project will be saved in the hard disk with
the given file name.
IV. Unsolved Scratch scripts (Programs)
1. Write a Scratch program to draw the given figure with
the given specifications:
• When clicked
• Pen down
• Repeat 3
• Move 80 steps
• Turn 120 degrees anti-clockwise
• Repeat 4
• Move 80 steps
• Turn 90 degrees clock-wise
• Hide

80 80

80

2. Write a Scratch program to draw a regular pentagon

and a hexagon.

An Introduction to Scratch Programming | 21

 (a) Pentagon
• When clicked
• Pen down
• Repeat 5
• Move 100 steps
• Turn 72 degrees anti-clockwise
• Hide

(b) Hexagon
• When clicked
• Pen down
• Repeat 6
• Move 100 steps
• Turn 60 degrees anti-clockwise
• Hide

3. Write a Scratch program selecting a

sprite of your choice (say, Snowman)
from the gallery. Thereafter, turn
the object to 15 degrees clockwise,
repeat it for 50 times and waits for

22 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 1 second. And repeat the same, but in anticlockwise
direction.
• When clicked
• Repeat 50
• Turn 15 degrees clock-wise.
• Wait 1 second
• Repeat 50
• Turn 15 degrees anti-clockwise.
• Wait 1 second
4. Choose a sprite (say, a Cake with candles) from the
library. It is assumed that that the candles are off at
the beginning

Before clicking ‘Go’ button After clicking ‘Go’ button

• When clicked
• Next costume
• Start sound Clapping
• Wait 5 seconds
• Play sound Birthday until done
• Next costume
5. Choose a sprite (say, Dove) from the library and
perform the task.

Bird flying high Bird changing costume

An Introduction to Scratch Programming | 23

 • When clicked
• Forever
• Next costume
• Start sound (Bird)
• Wait 1 second
• Change y by 30
• If touching edge then
• Set y to -120

24 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Chapter 6

Internet Services

Exercises

Objective
I. Multiple Choice Questions:
Ans. 1. DVD
2. Adobe Reader
3. Notebook
4. www.snapdeal.com
5. Talk with him rudely.
II. State the following statements whether ‘True’ or ‘False’.
Ans. 1. True 2. False 3. True 4. False
5. True 6. True 7. False 8. True
III. Write down the full forms of:
Ans. 1. HTTP : Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
2. USB : Universal Serial Bus
3. WWW : World Wide Web
4. ISP : Internet Service Provider
5. HTML : Hyper Text Markup
Language
IV. Name these logos/device:
Ans. 1. Facebook
2. WhatsApp
3. USB Modem
4. Wi-Fi Dongle
V. Give two examples of each of the following:
Ans. 1. Messaging apps
(a) Facebook (b) WhatsApp

25
 2. Online shopping websites
(a) www.amazon.in (b) www.flipkart.com
3. Online news channels
(a) Aaj Tak (b) ABP News
4. Web browsers
(a) Google Chrome (b) Mozilla Firefox
VI. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
Ans. (a) Chatting (b) WhatsApp
(c) E-mail (d) Video Conferencing
Unsolved:
Ans. (a) Modem (b) Web Browser
(c) USB Modem (d) Broadband

Subjective
I. Write short notes on:
1. Internet
Internet can be defined as a global system of inter-
connected computer networks. It is also called a
network of networks.
2. Chatting
It is an online process that allows the users to interact
indirectly with someone on the Internet. It involves
instant text messaging, sharing photographs between
two or more persons.
3. Facebook
Facebook is a popular online free social networking
website that allows registered users to create profiles,
upload photos and videos. Through it, one can send
messages and keep in touch with friends, family and
colleagues.
4. WhatsApp
It is a mobile application, popularly known as
WhatsApp. It is used for instant messaging, voice calls
and free video calls. It needs Internet connectivity to
send and receive messages, images, videos and audio
files.

26 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 5. Online shopping
It is popularly known as e-shopping. It is the process
where we can purchase products, essential commodities
and various services over the Internet. It is very
convenient as one can purchase goods or avail services
sitting at home.
6. Netiquette
Netiquette is the rules or the guidelines to be followed
while accessing Internet. Netiquette is composed of two
words ‘Internet’ and ‘Etiquette’. It means maintaining
etiquette while communicating via Internet. It ensures
polite and safe communication online.
II. Answer the following questions.
1. What are the requirements to access Internet?
Ans. To access the Internet facility on our computer, we need
to have the following devices:
(i) A computer (PC) with a fast microprocessor
having at least 256 MHz speed
(ii) A modem with atleast 56 kbps speed
(iii) A telephone line
Apart from these devices, we will also need some
supporting components, to help further in relating with
the requirements in broadband connection. They are:
(i) An Internet account with some Internet Service
Provider (ISP).
(ii) RAM (Random Access Memory) having with
atleast storage of 512 MB.
(iii) Antivirus software as a safeguard tool for your
computer system.
2. How will you connect Broadband? Explain.
Ans. To connect our Personal Computer (PC) to the Internet,
we follow the given steps:
Step 1: Double-click the icon available on the desktop
and thus ‘Connect Broadband Connection’ dialog box
will appear on the screen.
Step 2: Enter ‘User Name’ in the user name box.

Internet Services | 27
 Step 3: Enter ‘Password’ in password name box. we
will notice that the password appears as asterisks.
Step 4: Click ‘Connect’ button. Now, it verifies the user
name and password.
Step 5: As soon as user name and password are
authenticated, means the internet connectivity has been
established. Click on a browser which is available to
our computer system. The default home page will be
available on the screen.
3. What do you understand by ‘Video Conferencing?
Explain.
Ans. It is another form of interaction with the users through
video calling. It gives an opportunity to share ideas and
views with other people. It has even made it possible
to conduct interviews online.
4. Write down all the steps to disconnect internet access
from your system.
Ans. To disconnect broadband, follow these steps:
Step 1: Place the cursor on the ‘Internet Access’ icon,
located on the right side of the task bar.
Step 2: Press the right button of the mouse.
Step 3: Select ‘disconnect’ option.
Thus, our broadband service is disconnected (i.e. you
are now Offline).
5. What are the advantages of Netiquette? Explain.
Ans. There are numerous advantages of using netiquette.
Some of them are listed below:
• Our message will be appreciated by the people.
• More people will come closer to us for sharing their
views.
• Our ideas will be socially accepted.
• We will get honour and respect in the society.
• Positive thinking will be inculcated in our habits.

28 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Chapter 7

Algorithms and Flowcharts

Exercises

Objective
I. Choose the correct option:
Ans. 1. English
2. It is defined as the sequence of instructions to perform
a task.
3. Start and Stop
4. Parallelogram
5. Program
II. Fill in the blanks.
Ans. 1. Algorithm 2. Flow lines
3. Flowchart 4. Process
5. Terminal 6. Input/Output
III. Rewrite the following Algorithm in correct sequence.
Ans. 1. To pack your school bag and get ready for the school:
(a) Start
(b) Wear your school uniform.
(c) Take out your class time table.
(d) Arrange your books and notebooks as per your time
table.
(e) Take your tiffin.
(f) Wait for the school bus.
(g) Stop
2. To convert paise into rupee
(a) Start
(b) Take the amount in paise
(c) Divide the amount by 100

29
 (d) Print the result
(e) Stop
IV. Correct and re-draw the given flow charts by using
appropriate symbols.
1.       Start

Take two numbers

Add two numbers

Display the result

Stop

2.     Start

Take your cricket ball and bat

Go to the playground

Make two teams

Play a cricket match of 20 overs

Declare the result

Stop

30 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 V. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
The corrections are done as under:
(a) Take numbers A, B (b) S = A + B
(c) (S * D) (d) Stop
Unsolved:

1. Start
2. Take fresh fruits.
3. Take a bowl to keep cutting fruits.
4. Take fruit (say, banana) and cut into small pieces.
5. Keep all cutting fruits in the bowl.
6. Add salt to taste and mix.
7. Serve fruits salad.
8. Stop

Subjective
I. Explain the function of the following symbols used in
flow charts.
1. Input/ Output box

This symbol is used to denote functions of taking an

input or displaying an output in the program. The
shape of this box is a parallelogram. All the commands
that require the computer to accept data and display
result are put into these boxes.

Algorithms and Flowcharts | 31

 2. Terminal box

This box is used to indicate the beginning (START) and

the end (STOP) of each flow chart. The box is oval in
shape. A terminal box with the word START is used at
the beginning of the flow chart and the word STOP is
used at the end of the flow chart.
3. Process box

A process box is rectangular in shape. It is used in a

flow chart to represent processing of the data. Thus,
assigning values and arithmetic operations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division are displayed
using this box.
4. Flow Lines
Flow lines are used to show the flow of control
from one operation to other.
Flow lines are usually drawn with an arrowhead
at the point of entry of a symbol.
II. Write short notes on:
1. Algorithm
An algorithm is defined as the sequence of instructions
required to get the desired result. These instructions are
written in simple English language in different steps.
2. Flowchart
A flow chart is a pictorial representation of an
algorithm. It uses different shapes to denote different
types of instructions. These shapes are connected with
arrows (known as connectors) to indicate the flow of
operations in which the instructions are to be executed.
III. Give one difference and one similarity between an
algorithm and a flowchart.

32 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Difference:
An algorithm is a set of instructions which are written in
simple English language in different steps.
A flow chart is a pictorial representation of an algorithm.
It uses different shapes to denote different types of
instructions.
Similarity:
Both indicate the flow of instructions to solve a problem
or a task.
IV. Write algorithms for the following:
1. To go for a class picnic
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Fix the date for the picnic.
Step 3: Decide the picnic spot.
Step 4: Decide the money for the picnic.
Step 5: Prepare a menu for the picnic.
Step 6: Place your order to a Caterer.
Step 7: Enjoy the picnic.
Step 8: Stop
2. To make tea/coffee
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Take a container.
Step 3: Take sufficient water in it.
Step 4: Keep the container over gas burner and heat.
Step 5: Add milk and sugar in it.
Step 6: Add tea leaves.
Step 7: Pour tea in a cup when ready.
Step 8: Serve the tea.
Step 8: Stop

Algorithms and Flowcharts | 33

 V. Draw the flowchart for the following:
1. To attend birthday party of your friend

Start

Get yourself ready with the party dress

Take the birthday gift

Ask you parent to drop to your friend’s house

Attend the birthday party

Stop

2. To display the average of three numbers

Start

Take three numbers

Add three numbers

Divide the sum by 3

Display the result

Stop

34 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

3. To drop a letter in the letter box

Start

Take the letter

Go to the Post Office

Drop the letter in the letter box

Stop

4. To display the product of three numbers

Start

Take three numbers

Multiply three numbers

Display the result

Stop

Algorithms and Flowcharts | 35

 Chapter 8

Fundamental of QBASIC
(A Programming Language)

Exercises

Objective
I. Choose the correct option:
Ans. 1. Bill Gates and Paul Allen
2. Algorithm
3. $
4. RUN
5. Quick
II. Fill in the blanks.
Ans. 1. Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
2. John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz
3. CLS
4. END
5. Program
6. F5
III. Write outputs of the following programs.
1. St. Xavier Junior College
I.C.S.E School
Kolkata
2. Answer is
36
3. Virat Kohli
is the
Captain
of
Indian Cricket Team
4. Total = 240
Average = 80

36
 IV. Case Study based questions:
Solved:
(a) qBasic (b) Esc
(c) New (d) Exit
Unsolved:
Line (a) : NS= “Amit Khanna”
Line (b) : M=92
Line (c) : LET ANS= N1/N2
Line (d) : PRINT “Answer=”, ANS

Subjective
I. Write short notes on:
1. NEW
Ans. The NEW command is used to clear the working memory
for storing the next program. It is used by clicking File
and selecting the New option from dropdown list. If
a program is written without using New command,
the next program will be combined with the existing
program in the memory.
2. CLS
Ans. CLS means to clear the content of the output screen.
It is generally given at the beginning of a program. It
helps in displaying the result on the clear screen.
3. RUN
Ans. This command is used in QBASIC to execute the
programs. Thus, the output of the program will be
available on the output screen. This command can also
be used by pressing F5, a function key.
4. PRINT
Ans. PRINT statement is used to display any data value or
the result of processing on the screen. The syntax of
the PRINT statement differs depending on the way you
are going to print on the screen . It can be used in two
ways:
(a) PRINT statement with numeric constants
(b) PRINT statement with alphanumeric constants

Fundamental of QBASIC (A Programming Language) | 37

 5. END
END statement indicates the termination of a program.
It is used as the last statement of a program. It is an
optional statement which means even if this statement
is not used in the program, the program will be
terminated.
II. Answer the following questions.
1. What is a program? Name two versions of BASIC
language.
Ans. A program is step-by-step set of instructions given to
a computer. It uses a computer language to solve a
problem. The two versions of BASIC are GWBASIC and
QBASIC.
2. What are the features of QBASIC? Mention them.
Ans. The features of QBASIC are:
• It is user-friendly.
• The syntax/grammar of the statements is very simple.
• It provides Windows-based platform for writing
programs.
• It is a compiler-based high-level language.
• Debugging (removing errors) can be done easily.
3. Give two differences between Command and Statement.
Ans. Statement Command
1. These are the building 1.  It is a single word to
blocks of a program. perform a specific task.
2. The statement is general 2. The command is specific
purpose instruction used instruction to carry out a
to code a program. function.
4. What is the significance of selecting New program
option before writing a program in QBASIC? Explain.
Ans. A program always starts with the option ‘New’ from
‘File’ option. It allows to clear the memory and enables
for a fresh storage of the next program.
5. Mention all the steps to write a program on a QBASIC
platform.

38 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4

 Ans. Follow these steps to write a program on the QBASIC
platform:
Step 1: Click Start button followed by qBasic from the
popup list.
Or,
Click on qBasic icon, if the shortcut icon is available on
the desktop.
Or,
Click on qBasic icon, if it is available on the taskbar.
Step 2: Press ESC key to clear the contents of the
welcome screen.
Step 3: Select File menu and click the option New.
The QBASIC screen provides a blank screen to write
the program.
III. Solve the following programming problems.
1. CLS
Ans. PRINT “The dream begins with a teacher”
PRINT “who believes in you,”
PRINT “Thank you for being that teacher.”
PRINT “Happy Teachers’ Day”
PRINT “From: Alok Mittal”
END
2. CLS
Ans. PRINT “Name: Alok Kumar”
PRINT “Principal’s Name: Mrs. L.V. Raman”
PRINT “Class Teacher’s Name: Mrs. Vinati Narayan”
END
3. CLS
Ans. LET A= 25
LET B= 54
LET C= 20
SUM = A+B+C
PR=A*B*C
DIFF=PR – SUM
PRINT SUM, PR, DIFF
END

Fundamental of QBASIC (A Programming Language) | 39

 4. CLS
Ans. CH= 20
PL=20
PC= 25*CH
PP= 5*PL
AMT=PC+PP
PRINT “Amount Paid=”; AMT
END
5. CLS
Ans. CB=550
HG=1200
TOTAL = CB+HG
AL= 2000 – TOTAL
PRINT “Amount Paid=”; TOTAL
PRINT “Amount Left=”; AL
END

40 | Understanding Computer Studies – 4