ANDROID
AN OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE
PROJECT
OVERVIEW
[Link] Handset Alliance
[Link] To Android
[Link] To The Platform
[Link] Architecture
[Link] Of An Android Application
[Link] Building Blocks
[Link] Tools
[Link] Cycle Of An Android Application
[Link]
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Open Handset Alliance
Est. 2007, led by
Google,open source
Main product: Android
Platform
Enthusiastic support from
Industry : both equipment
makers and network operators
HTC to deliver Android
capable device soon! 3
WHAT IS ANDROID?
o A complete & modern embedded operating
system
o A cutting-edge mobile user experience
o A world-class software stack for building
applications
o An open platform for developers, users & industry
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Why Android Was
Created?
Designed as a platform for software development
Android is open
Android is free
Community support
100% Java Phone
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Android Features
Integrated browser based on the open source WebKit engine
SQLite for relational data storage
Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats
(MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF)
Dalvik Virtual Machine optimized for mobile devices
Cellular networking : GSM, EDGE, 3G (hardware dependent)
LAN : Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi (hardware dependent)
Graphics Hardware Acceleration
Camera, GPS and Compass (hardware dependent)
Touch screen and accelerometer for motion sensing 6
ANDROID ARCHITECTURE
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Application Framework
Enable applications access data from other applications ,sharing
Providing access to non-code resources
Enables all applications to display alerts in the status bar
Manages the lifecycle of applications
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Libraries
Written in C/C++ - System C Library(libc)
Display/Graphics(SGL)
Media Libraries
SQLite –RDB engine-light weight
LibWebCore–web browser engine–embeddable web
view
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Android Runtime
Includes a set of core libraries that provides most of
the functionality-JAVA
Every Android application runs in its own process
Dalvik VM executes files in the (.dex) format(low
memory devices)
Device can run multiple VMs efficiently
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Anatomy of an Android
Application
There are four building blocks for an Android application: (file
structure)
Activity
-a single screen(UI)
Intent Receiver
-to execute in reaction to an external event(Phone Ring)
Service
-code that is long-lived and runs without a UI(Media Player)
Content Provider
-an application's data to be shared with other applications 11
Development Tools
The Android SDK includes a variety of custom tools that help you
develop mobile applications on the Android [Link] of the
most significant tools are:
[Link] Emulator -A virtual mobile device that runs on our
College Of Engineering Chengannur
computer -use to design, debug, and test our applications in an
actual Android run-time environment
[Link] Development Tools Plugin -for the Eclipse IDE - adds
powerful extensions to the Eclipse integrated environment
[Link] Debug Monitor Service (DDMS) -Integrated with Dalvik
-this tool let us manage processes on an emulator and assists in
debugging
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Life Cycle of an Android
Application
An unusual and fundamental feature - process's lifetime is
not directly controlled by the application itself
Deciding factors:
how important
overall memory available
To determine which processes should be killed when low on
memory: "importance hierarchy“
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“Importance Hierarchy”(in Order Of Importance)
Foreground Process -required for what the user is currently doing
Visible Process -holding an Activity - visible to the user on-screen
but not in the foreground(on pause)
Service Process -holding a Service - not directly visible to the
user- relevant tasks(anti virus)
Background Process -holding an Activity - not visible to the user -
can kill at any time(stopped)
Empty Process -doesn't hold any active application components(as
a cache to improve start-up time)
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College Of Engineering Chengannur
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Applications
College Of Engineering Chengannur
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Browser
Map
Initial screen
CONCLUSION
Android is open to all: industry, developers and
users
Participating in many of the successful open
source projects
Aims to be as easy to build for as the web.
Google Android is stepping into the next level
of Mobile Internet
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THANK YOU
