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Chloe s. Alrico l.
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Judy Stephanie
reyes pendang abuzo jr. baraquia
quipanes
Members
Types of intellectual
property
copyright
Fair use
Creative commons
Intellectual property (IP) is a term used to
Intellectual
encompass property
a range is generally
of legal rights that
characterized
protect the as non-physical
creations of theproperty
mind andthat
is the product
creative efforts,ofsuch
original thought. Typically,
as inventions, literary
rights
and do not surround
artistic the abstract
works, symbols, names, non-
physical
images,entity; rather, which
and designs, intellectual property
are protected
rights
by surround
law from the control
unauthorized ofby
use physical
others.
manifestations
Intellectual or expressions
property of ideas.
includes several legal
Intellectual
concepts property law protects
such as patents, a content-
trademarks,
creator’s interest
copyrights, tradein secrets,
their ideasandby assigning
industrial
and enforcing
designs. legal
These rights
legal to produce
rights allow the and
control of
creators physical instantiations
intellectual property ofto those
benefit
from their creations, ideas.
and to control how
they are used and distributed in the
marketplace.
Types•ofCOPYRIGHT
intellectual
• PATENT
property
• TRADEMARK
• INDUSTRIAL
DESIGN
• GEOGRAPHI
Copyright includes literary and
artistic works, such as novels,
poems, plays, films musical
works, and artistic works, such
as drawings, paintings,
photographs, sculptures, and
architectural designs.
A sort of Copyright also
intellectual includes
property known exemptions,
as copyright which, under
gives the author certain
of an original circumstances,
work the sole allow a user of a
authority to use
and distribute
COPYRIGHT work protected
by copyright to
that work. exercise an
COPYRIGHT
The domain of copyright protection
is original works of authorship fixed
in any tangible medium of
expression (17 U.S.C. §102 (1988)).
Works that may be copyrighted
include literary, musical, artistic,
photographic, architectural, and
cinematographic works; maps; and
COPYRIGHT
First, for something to be
protected, it must be fixed
in a permanent or tangible
medium of expression. For
example, an expression
could be chiseled into
COPYRIGHT
Second, the work must be
“original”—the work must be
the author’s own production;
it cannot be the result of
copying (Bleistein v.
Donaldson Lithographing
COPYRIGHT
Third, copyright does not
extend to short phrases,
titles, or names as these
to do not contain the
minimum amount of
authorship required by
COPYRIGHT
A fourth requirement that
limits the domain of what can
be copyrighted is that the
expression must be “non-
utilitarian” or “non-functional”
in nature. Utilitarian products,
or products that are useful for
COPYRIGHT
Finally, rights only
extend over the actual
concrete expression
and the derivatives of
the expression—not to
Fair use
FAIR USE
Fair use is a legal doctrine that
allows for the limited use of
copyrighted material without the
permission of the copyright owner,
under certain circumstances. Fair
use is a defense against claims of
copyright infringement and is an
important aspect of copyright law in
the United States and some other
countries. The doctrine of fair use
allows for the use of copyrighted
material for purposes such as
criticism, comment, news reporting,
FAIR USE
FAIR USE
In its most general sense, fair use is
any copying of copyrighted material
done for a limited and
“transformative” purpose, such as
to comment upon, criticize, or
parody a copyrighted work. Such
uses can be done without
permission from the copyright
owner. In other words, fair use is a
defense against a claim of copyright
infringement. If your use qualifies
as a fair use, then it would not be
FAIR USE
It is also a copyright
principle based on the
belief that the public is
entitled to freely use
portions of copyrighted
materials for purposes of
commentary and criticism.
FAIR USE
For example, if you wish to
criticize a novelist, you
should have the freedom
to quote a portion of the
novelist’s work without
asking permission. Absent
this freedom, copyright
owners could stifle any
negative comments about
CREATIVE COMMONS
1
Creative commons
Creative commons
Creative Commons (CC) is an
An easy-to-understand one-
American non-profit
page explanation of rights, with
organization and international
associated visual symbols,
network devoted to educational
explains the specifics of each
access and expanding the range
Creative Commons license.
of creative works available for
Content owners still maintain
others to build upon legally and
their copyright, but Creative
to share. The organization has
Commons licenses give
released several copyright
standard releases that replace
licenses, known as Creative
the individual negotiations for
Commons licenses, free of
specific rights between
charge to the public. These
copyright owner (licensor) and
licenses allow authors of
licensee, that are necessary
