User:王桁霽/文獻室
外观
< User:王桁霽
歡迎來到我的避難所,這個用戶無所不讀,但閱讀效率較低,歡迎督促。
著作
[编辑]伯羅奔尼撒戰爭史
[编辑]謝德風譯本譯者序言
[编辑]撰寫於1977年8月22日。
- 古希臘奴隸主民主政治的退化在政治、哲學、文藝上的反映
- 在政治上,奴隸主民主政治衰落、奴隸主貴族政治抬頭。
- 在哲學上,唯物論哲學衰落,唯心論哲學抬頭。哲學家所考慮的問題,不是怎樣和自然作鬥爭、和反動階級作鬥爭的問題,而是怎麼維持個人幸福和心靈安寧的問題,這是階級鬥爭日趨激烈、奴隸社會日趨沒落的一種反映。
- 奴隸主求耳目之娛,不喜歡需要深思熟慮的作品。
- 文藝方面,缺少和現實作鬥爭的內容,唯利用辭藻的裝飾、博學的炫耀、情節的離奇可笑。
- 本作映射的修昔底德的愛國主義
- 對於國內少數野心家不顧國內遭遇強大敵人的侵擾而去從事西西里遠征,他給予沈痛的批判;
- 對於陰謀推翻民主政治的寡頭政變(Athenian coup of 411 BC),他沒有給予同情;
- 對於出賣祖國利益,利用替薩斐尼(Tissaphernes)來訛詐雅典的人,又利用雅典人以訛詐替薩斐尼的亞西比德(Alcibiades),給予無情的譴責。
- 修昔底德剖析事件原因的高妙與缺憾
- 修昔底德是第一個嘗試揭露歷史事件發展中的真正因果關係的史學家。
- 修昔底德並不[如希羅多德或阿里斯多芬那樣]把重大歷史事件的起因歸於某種偶然事件上,而力圖尋找更深刻的原因。
- 修昔底德並未擺脫古代歷史學家的共同缺點 —— 對命運的信仰,認為人類無力抗拒變化無常的命運。
- 他的歷史觀基礎是人性不變的觀念,他是從心理方面來解釋歷史事件的。這樣就墮入唯心主義歷史觀的泥坑中去了。
- 修昔底德在本作中對對比手法 (Antithesis)的運用
- 敘述伯里克利在陣亡將士葬禮上歌頌雅典的光輝燦爛,接著就是雅典的瘟疫流行、死亡狼藉;
- 敘述雅典人對彌羅斯人的欺凌屠殺,接著就是雅典人自己在西西里所遭遇的慘局;
- 敘述雅典西西里遠征軍在庇里猶斯港啟程時壯志凌雲和軍容空前的盛況,接著就是遠征軍在大港的慘敗,從陸地上潰逃,死者來不及安葬,生者無法自存的悲慘下場。
第一卷第一章
[编辑]- 希臘人的漠視真相
- There are many other unfounded ideas current amongst the rest of the Hellenes, even on matters of contemporary history, which have not been obscured by time. 「不正確的猜想」
- So little pain do the vulgar take in the investigation of truth, accepting readily the first story that comes to hand.
- —— 庸民們在調查真相上費的功夫實在太淺,他們很樂意接受最先聽聞的東西。
- 似貶實褒地強調本作力求真實
- The absence of romance in my history will, I fear, detract somewhat from its interest.
- DETRACT FROM 減損
- If it be judged useful by those inquirers who desire an exact knowledge of the past as an aid to the interpretation of the future, which in the course of human things must resemble if it does not reflect it, I shall be content.
- —— 甲、起初還原為「Things must resemble if it (人類) does not reflect it (歷史)」,按《阿房宮賦》主旨解作「如果人類不反思歷史,那麼事件必然重演/以相似形式出現。」
- —— 乙、但如此一來出現語病,定語從句不存。故應將「must resemble」視為「future」之謂語,解為:「Future must resemble if it (未來) does not reflect it (歷史).」即「未來若不全然映照歷史,至少必然與之相似。」
- —— 丙、參看霍布斯譯本更可佐證【乙】解之正確性:「the truth of the things done, and which may be done again, or at least their alike」。
- In fine, I have written my work, not as an essay which is to win the applause of the moment, but as a possession for all time.
- —— 我的著作並非為討群眾一時歡心,而是要垂諸萬世。
- IN FINE = in short 簡而言之
- 伯羅奔尼撒戰爭的真正原因
- The growth of Athenian power, which put the Lacedæmonians into fear, necessitated the war. —— 霍布斯譯本
- the undue PARTIALITY /ˌpɑːʃɪˈalɪti/ for one side or the other
百科
[编辑]農林牧漁
[编辑]玉米
[编辑]- Maize - English Wikipedia
- Maize starch can be hydrolysed and enzymatically treated to produce high-fructose corn syrup, a sweetener. —— 玉米澱粉可以經過加水分解和酵素處理來生產高果糖玉米糖漿(一種甜味劑)。
- —— to HYDROLYSE 水解
- —— FRUCTOSE 果糖 —— 「-ose」後綴常表示某種糖,又如「MALTOSE」麥芽糖、「SUCROSE」蔗糖、「GLUCOSE」葡萄糖。
- Maize may be fermented and distilled to produce Bourbon whiskey. —— 波本威士忌
政史
[编辑]- 有說法稱在移民潮中,最早的一批移民來自麻城,他們勢力大、資格老,後來者爲尋求蔭庇而冒充麻城人。
- 而移民的增多,爲聯絡感情、相互幫助,催生了湖廣會館,會館是明清時城鎮中供外鄉人歇腳、聚會的場所,按地域劃分,一般由同鄉移民或商旅創辦,供奉家鄉神靈先賢。書生趕考,商人買賣,大都首選本鄉會館投宿。就地理分布而言,四川盆地西南部土著居民存留较多,而东北部则较少。总体而言,今日大約有70%的四川人爲湖廣填四川的後裔,也因為移民潮使四川文化形成包容開放的氛圍。
- 1947年2月27日,專賣局查緝員在臺北市太平町天馬茶房附近查緝私菸,打傷菸販林江邁、誤殺市民陳文溪,激起群眾久積的憤怒。2月28日,市民罷市、罷課、罷工,遊行至專賣局抗議、前往長官公署請願,但遭到衛兵以機槍掃射,數人死傷。這導致抗爭與衝突全面蔓延,臺灣各大都市爆發暴力事件,軍隊開槍鎮壓,死傷多人。
- 事件結果:
- —— 有利於中國國民黨在臺灣開展一黨專政,影響民主政治發展
- —— 造成臺灣民眾長期對政治感到恐懼與冷漠
- —— 加深族群隔閡,影響臺灣文化發展至今
- Unabhängigkeit = Un (not) + ab (de-) + hang (-pend,^) + ig (-ent) + keit (-ness)(^ pendre 在法語中是 hang(絞死/懸掛)的意思)
- Entkolonisierungsprozeß = ent- (de-) + kolonisier[en] (colonise) + -ung (-ation) + s + Prozeß (process) 去殖民化進程
人物
[编辑]李光耀
[编辑]- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Lee Kuan Yew. 大英百科全書. [2024年5月14日].
- 論李光耀政府的威權色彩 —— Lee brought his country an efficient administration and spectacular prosperity at the cost of a mildly authoritarian style of government that sometimes infringed on civil liberties.
地理
[编辑]重慶
[编辑]- 九開八閉重慶城牆 — [Ch'ungk'ing] is surrounded by a crenelated stone wall, which is 5 m. in circumference and is pierced by nine gates.
- to CRENELLATE = to provide (a wall) with battlements → CRENELLATED 築有城垛的
- Native produce, such as yellow silk, white wax, hides, rhubarb, musk and opium, is here collected and repacked for conveyance to Hankow, Shanghai or other parts of the empire.
- 重慶開埠限定條件 — The city was opened to foreign trade by convention with the British government in 1891, with the proviso, however, that foreign steamers should not be at liberty to trade there until Chinese-owned steamers had succeeded in ascending the river.
- PROVISO 限制性條款;附加條件
- 印度板塊以約50mm/a的速度向北運動與歐亞板塊碰撞匯聚於喜馬拉雅弧,造成了青藏塊體的不斷隆升。
- 中國有儀器紀錄以來所紀錄到的震級最大的地震
- 阿克賽欽問題的禍根竟是英俄中亞對抗 —— The Ardagh–Johnson Line represented the "forward school" that wanted to advance the boundary as forward as possible as a defence against the growing Russian empire.
- 表示喀喇昆侖走廊,tract 此處意為「大片土地」。
- 「Taxkorgan」塔什庫爾干。
生理與醫學
[编辑]- Gynaecomastia is the abnormal non-cancerous enlargement of one or both breasts in males due to the growth of breast tissue as a result of a hormone imbalance between oestrogens and androgens.
- ŒSTROGEN 雌激素;ANDROGEN 雄激素
- Gynecomastia can cause significant psychological distress or unease.
- If it causes embarrassment, pain or tenderness, treatment is warranted (= justified; necessitated).
- 這裡的 TENDERNESS 應指「sensitivity to pain」;其亦可指食用肉的「嫩」,近「SUCCULENCE」。
古典
[编辑]上古三代秦漢三國六朝
[编辑]莊子
[编辑]- 《莊子·外篇·秋水》. [2024年4月29日].
- 孔子遊於匡,宋人圍之數匝,而絃歌不惙。子路入見,曰:「何夫子之娛也?」孔子曰:「來!吾語女。我諱窮久矣,而不免,命也;求通久矣,而不得,時也。當堯、舜而天下無窮人,非知得也,當桀,紂而天下無通人,非知失也,時勢適然。夫水行不避蛟龍者,漁父之勇也;陸行不避兕虎者,獵夫之勇也;白刃交於前,視死若生者,烈士之勇也;知窮之有命,知通之有時,臨大難而不懼者,聖人之勇也。由處矣!吾命有所制矣。」
漢武帝
[编辑]漢武帝求茂才異等詔
- HEROES WANTED. 维基文库 (英文).
- EXCEPTIONAL work demands exceptional men.
- 故馬或奔而致千里 —— A bolting or a kicking horse may eventually become a most valuable animal.
- 士或有負俗之累而立功名 —— A man who is the object of the world's detestation may live to accomplish great things.
- 【負俗】被世人譏諷和議論。
- 夫泛駕之馬,弛之士,亦在御之而已 —— As with the intractable horse, so with the infatuated man;―it is simply a question of training.
- INTRACTABLE stubborn, obstinate
嵇康
[编辑]- 今空語同知有達人,無所不堪,外不殊俗,而內不失正,與一世同其波流,而悔吝不生耳。
- 現在大家都説有一種對任何事情都能忍受的通達的人,他們外表上跟一般世俗的人沒有兩樣,而內心卻仍能保持正道,能夠與世俗同流合污而沒有悔恨的心情,但這只是一種空話罷了。
- 老子、莊周,吾之師也,親居賤職;柳下惠、東方朔,達人也,安乎卑位。吾豈敢短之哉!又仲尼兼愛,不羞執鞭,子文無欲卿相,而三登令尹,是乃君子思濟物之意也。
- 達能兼善而不渝,窮則自得而無悶。
- 君子百行,殊塗而同致,循性而動,各附所安。
- 遊山澤,觀鳥魚,心甚樂之。一行作吏,此事便廢,安能捨其所樂,而從其所懼哉!
- 夫人之相知,貴識其天性,因而濟之。
- 直木必不可以為輪,曲者不可以為桷,蓋不欲以枉其天才,令得其所也。
- 吾新失母兄之歡,意常悽切,女年十三,男年八歲,未及成人,況復多病,顧此悢悢,如何可言!
- 今但願守陋巷,教養子孫,時與親舊敘闊,陳說平生,濁酒一盃,彈琴一曲,志願畢矣。
- 野人有快炙背而美芹子者,欲獻之至尊,雖有區區之意,亦已疏矣,願足下勿似之。
- 嗟余薄祜,少遭不造。哀煢靡識,越在繈褓。母兄鞠育,有慈無威。恃愛肆姐,不訓不師。
- 爰及冠帶,馮寵自放。抗心希古,任其所尚。託好老莊,賤物貴身。志在守樸,養素全真。
- 曰余不敏,好善闇人。子玉之敗,屢增惟塵。大人含弘,藏垢懷恥。民之多僻,政不由己。
- 惟此褊心,顯明臧否。感悟思愆,怛若創痏。欲寡其過,謗議沸騰。性不傷物,頻致怨憎。
- 昔慚柳惠,今愧孫登。內負宿心,外恧良朋。仰慕嚴鄭,樂道閑居。與世無營,神氣晏如。
- 咨予不淑,嬰累多虞。匪降自天,寔由頑疏。理弊患結,卒致囹圄。對答鄙訊,縶此幽阻。
- 實恥訟免,時不我與。雖曰義直,神辱志沮。澡身滄浪,豈云能補。嗈嗈鳴鴈,奮翼北遊。
- 順時而動,得意忘憂。嗟我憤歎,曾莫能儔。事與願違,遘茲淹留。窮達有命,亦又何求。
- 古人有言,善莫近名。奉時恭默,咎悔不生。萬石周慎,安親保榮。世務紛紜,祗攪予情。
- 安樂必誡,乃終利貞。煌煌靈芝,一年三秀。予獨何為,有志不就。懲難思復,心焉內疚。
- 庶勗將來,無馨無臭。采薇山阿,散髮巖岫。永嘯長吟,頤性養壽。
二十四史
[编辑]晉書
[编辑]- 詳觀往誥,逖聽前聞,階緣外戚以致顯榮者,其所由來尚矣。
- 而多至禍敗,鮮克令終者,何哉?豈不由祿以恩升,位非德舉;識慙明悊。
- ——【識慙明悊】懂得羞恥,明白事理,具有遠見。
- 材謝經通;假椒房之寵靈,總軍國之樞要。或威權震主,或勢力傾朝;居安而不慮危,務進而不知退;驕奢既至,釁隙隨之者乎!
- 是以呂霍之家,誅夷于西漢,梁鄧之族,剿絕於東都,其餘干紀亂常、害時蠹政者,不可勝載。至若樊靡卿之父子,竇廣國之弟兄,陰興之守約戒奢,史丹之掩惡揚善,斯並后族之所美者也。由此觀之,干時縱溢者必以凶終,守道謙沖者永保貞吉,古人所謂禍福無門,惟人所召,此非其效歟!
- ——【縱溢】恣肆過度。
- 逮于晉難,始自宮掖。楊駿藉武帝之寵私,叨竊非據,賈謐乘惠皇之蒙昧,成此厲階,遂使悼后遇雲林之災,湣懷濫湖城之酷。天人道盡,喪亂弘多,宗廟以之顛覆,黎庶於焉殄瘁。《詩》云:「赫赫宗周,褒姒滅之。」其此之謂也。爰及江左,未改覆車。
- ——【叨竊】甲、謂不當得而得。乙、自謙無才而據有其位。
- ——「赫赫宗周,褒姒滅之。」出《詩經·正月》,刺周幽王。
- 庾亮世族羽儀,王恭高門領袖,既而職兼出納,任切股肱。孝伯竟以亡身,元規幾于敗國,豈不哀哉!若褚季野之畏避朝權,王叔仁之固求出鎮,用能全身遠害,有可稱焉。
評論
[编辑]中華人民共和國官方媒體
[编辑]軍媒抨擊網飛三體
[编辑]- 漫评丨网飞“魔改”《三体》揭示了美国文化霸权江河日下. 中国军网. 2024-03-30 [2024-04-03]. (原始内容存档于2024-04-02).
- 儘管美國的這一套已經在全球範圍內普遍遭到了輿論反彈,但美國文化傳媒業界依然要在這條道上走到黑。
- 當「美國夢」以肉眼可見的速度潰滅的時候,美國只能通過宣揚所謂的「多元化與包容性」,用「政治正確」來打擊、消融其他國家的文化影響力,以「多元」之名,行反「多元」之實,強行為自己的文化霸權續命。
- (《網飛三體》的)目的是要盡可能地消除小說《三體》在世界上為現代化中國贏得的聲譽。
- 美國文化傳媒產業在兜售「多元性與包容性」時,始終是「美西方中心論」的調調,將對其他文化的「東方學」審視作為自己所謂「多元性」的一部分加以「包容」,儘管多樣的世界文明並非美國「多元性」的一部分,實際上也更不需要美國來「包容」。
- 美國影片中的東方總是神秘的、詭異的,也是屈從於西方的。
- 在美西方文化霸權主義的視域里,如果沒有被塑造出來的「東方」,那麼優越的「西方」也就不存在了。
王志安
[编辑]王局拍案背景音樂評論
[编辑]- @CRISPR--Cas 在嗶哩嗶哩《Smooth Fire On You - Shaho Rear Najim Joy【我与音乐】》視頻下的評論
- 「怎麼會有這樣的音樂,同時融合了無盡的悲傷,絕望裹挾著緊張和徬徨,壓抑著一種希冀,想要撫平別人的傷痛但是卻也為自己的明天惴惴不安。」
有山先生
[编辑]分析屈大均《菜人哀》
[编辑]- 有山先生. 语文课本不敢收录的古诗《菜人哀》完全解读 (視頻). 四川: 嗶哩嗶哩. 2024年5月5日.
- 正視歷史是一個偉大民族邁向未來的血清。以血清解蛇毒為喻。
- 魯迅先生在《狂人日記》裏說:「這裡是沒有年代,滿本都寫著兩個字是『吃人』!」起初我以為「吃人」是封建禮教,後來我發現,迅哥兒明明是在一語雙關啊。中國歷史上不乏吃人事件,括弧,物理意義上,括弧完了:商紂王把伯邑考做成肉餅;黃巢將捉來的俘虜搗成餡當軍糧(
賊有舂磨寨,為巨碓數百,生納人於臼碎之,合骨而食
);金人把宋朝百姓成為「兩腳羊」;就連曹操和劉備的軍隊,也出現過人吃人的惡性事件。論據部分可以參考英維「亞洲的食人行為」一條目。 - (解「不令命絕要鮮肉」一句)肉店老闆說:「我不能讓妳死啊,妳死了肉就不新鮮了。」
- 這幾天居然還沒有什麼猛禽來吃我的肉,我好幸運啊。末句「卻幸烏鳶啄不早」,烏鳶即黑鷹,可謂是極為悲愴的樂觀。
Vox
[编辑]港深邊界
[编辑]- Vox. China is erasing its border with Hong Kong [中國正在抹除它同香港的邊界] (視頻). 香港: YouTube. 2018年7月25日.
- 香港衰落一大原因在於內地經濟騰飛 —— Look at this explosive development of these Chinese cities in recent years.
- China's mega cities eventually ECLIPSED Hong Kong as the economic powerhouse of China.
- Hong Kong, once the economic powerhouse of China and the gate way to the West, became much less economically relevant.
- And soon the Chinese government didn't have the same incentives to respect Hong Kong's autonomy.
新聞
[编辑]東帝汶政治
[编辑]古斯芒與阿爾卡蒂里權鬥
[编辑]- Novak, Parker. The not-so-hidden contest behind Timor-Leste’s presidential election. 2022-04-18 [2024-04-03].
- Some of Gusmão-Alkatiri mutual animosity stems from the fact that the former was in the country during the occupation, while the latter was in exile outside of the country.
- Gusmão is known for his charisma, while Alkatiri is a relatively quiet operator.
- 阿爾卡蒂里並非貪生怕死,而是碰巧正在國外 —— By happenstance, Alkatiri was on travel to Mozambique in 1975, and subsequently spent the occupation in exile.
- a country spiralling into civil war
- a scenario devolving into instability
- a shadowbox match
古斯芒之謎
[编辑]- Palmer, Lisa. Timor-Leste’s deep politics and the enigma of Xanana Gusmao. Newmandala. 2022-05-20 [2024-04-03].
- When things go wrong in the lives of Timorese people, they generally return to their roots.
- 光明與黑暗、傳統與現代之間深刻的悖論 —— Xanana embodies both quintessential Timorese power figures and the deep paradoxes of darkness and light, tradition and modernity which continue to pervade and underpin 貫穿且成為其基礎 the politics of Timor-Leste.
- to implore their ancestors and potent nature spirits to redress their suffering
期刊
[编辑]東帝汶多國維和部隊
[编辑]- Wheeler, Nicholas J.; Dunne, Tim. East Timor and the new humanitarian interventionism [〈東帝汶與新人道干涉主義〉]. International Affairs. 2001, 77 (4): 805–827.
- 引修昔底德《伯羅奔尼撒戰爭史》「正義與榮譽之路將人置於危險之中」—— 'The path of justice and honour involves one in danger.'
- After INTERFET, Indonesian-Australian relations were close to free-fall.
- 馬來西亞對印尼的委婉批評之術,非難現在同時表揚過去
- —— Indonesia's actions over East Timor were not in keeping with its respected role as a leader in the non-aligned movement.
- —— Actions of the TNI contradicted its historical role in and contribution to national peace and security and regional stability.
- 盧旺達之鑒:強權國家有利才干涉,無利則旁觀
- —— States were not prepared to incur the human costs of 'intervention where no perceived vital interests were at stake'.
- 東帝汶危機爆發後澳大利亞群眾產生「我們背叛了東帝汶」的感覺,這一恥感促成了要求政府派兵的壓力。
- —— A major factor behind this public reaction was the sense of shame at Australia's continuing betrayal of the people of East Timor.
- rampaging militiamen terrorising civilians —— terrorise 恐嚇
- attachment that runs very deep
- a ruthless scorched earth policy pursued by Indonesians
印尼軍隊在東帝汶的圍殲行動
[编辑]- Taylor, John G. “Encirclement and Annihilation” [〈包圍並殲滅〉]. Robert Gellately; Ben Kiernan (编). The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective [《種族滅絕的幽靈:歷史視閾下的大屠殺》]. 劍橋大學出版社. 2003. ISBN 9780511819674. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511819674.008.
- 混雜脫葉任務的飽和轟炸 —— Saturation bombing was accompanied by defoliation. —— 目的是將山區內的東帝汶人趕到濱海平原去:「Indonesian troops awaited them」。
- 聞所未聞的軍事暴行,相比之下頓覺日軍仁慈。
- —— 1. 腳注三:長者在家中被活活燒死,男人和女人被捆在一起處決,幼童在父母面前被殺掉;
- —— 2. 腳注二:腿腳不便者只能被炸彈活活炸死;
- —— 3. 把俘獲的東帝汶人腳上綁著重物從直昇機上扔到海裡去(頁168)
- the captured dumped from a helicopter into the sea with weights on their feet;
- —— 4. 腳注九:印尼士兵殺死幼童並當眾毀屍,然後笑著說:「當你清理你的田地時,難道不殺掉所有的蛇嗎?大蛇和小蛇不都得殺?」
- —— 5. 1981年9月拉克圖拉(lactula)四百婦孺被殺。
- —— 6. Crucification(釘在十字架上)。
- 「去游泳了(gone for a swim)」作為「失蹤」的委婉語(頁168)。
- to terrorise the population into submission
- imprisonment indeterminate and arbitrary
影視
[编辑]日本動漫
[编辑]名探偵コナン 世紀末の魔術師
[编辑]- 君に一つ助言させてもらうぜ 世の中には謎のままにしといた方がいいこともあるってな
- しといた = しておいた
名探偵コナン ベイカー街の亡霊
[编辑]- 「未だ血れに成って居無い、未だ生きて居るじゃ無いか、もう諦めるのか?既に御前等は真実の結び目に両の手を掛けて居ると言うのに」
- 「君を確実にさせる事が出来れば、の利益の為に僕は喜んで死を受け入れよう」
名探偵コナン 戦慄の楽譜
[编辑]片名中「樂譜」讀作「フルスコア (full score)」,不同聲樂部分別標明五線譜 (stave) 的總樂譜。
- 私が何故コンサートの前の日、森の中を歩くか分かる。
自然を 体の中に 取り込みたい の。 - 音楽は 人間から神への だ。祈る様に歌え。
- AMAZING GRACE! HOW SWEET THE SOUND, THAT SAV'D A WRETCH LIKE ME! I ONCE WAS LOST, BUT NOW AM FOUND, WAS BLIND, BUT NOW I SEE.
- くばかりの / みなりき / 此の身のれを / 知れる我に
演說
[编辑]古希臘
[编辑]伯里克利葬礼演说
[编辑]- They who have showed their valour by action, should also by an action have their honour.
- —— 用行動彰顯勇敢的,人們也應用行動為之賦予榮譽。
- We [are] not offended at any man for following his own humour, nor casting on any man censorious looks which grieve.
- —— 言社會之寬容,接納眾人各自心性(humour),而不非難。
- From ease rather than studious labour, and upon natural rather than doctrinal valour, we come to undertake any danger.
- —— 我們藉以面對危險的,是自如從容而非刻意辛勞,我們的勇氣是天性使然而非習自教誨。
- We shall not faint beforehand with the meditation of future trouble.
- —— 憂慮未來不使我們提前昏厥。
- For we also give ourselves to bravery, and yet with thrift; and to philosophy, and yet without mollification of the mind.
- # 此「Bravery」指「華麗」。
- 雅典體力工人亦關心政治,知悉國務。Moreover there is in the same men, a care both of their own and the public affairs; and a sufficient knowledge of state matters, even in those that labour with their hands. For we only think one that is utterly ignorant therein, to be a man, not that meddles with nothing, but that is good for nothing.
- 從而貶抑他國:ignorance makes them dare, and consideration dastards.「無知使他們莽撞、考量使他們卑懦。」
- To avoid prolixity I will pass over.
- the daily delight whereof we expel sadness —— 這裡的 WHEREOF 相當於 with which,已算古老用法。
- Reputations of many brave men should not to be imperilled in the mouth of a single individual.
- For we study taste with economy, and philosophy without effeminacy.
- # EFFEMINACY —— 女人的柔弱
- While poverty is nothing disgraceful for a man to confess, but not to escape it by exertion is more disgraceful.
- —— 承認貧窮並不可恥,可恥的是不願通過努力擺脫貧困。
- 「譽大於利」 For the love of honour is the only feeling that never grows old; and in the helplessness of age it is not the acquisition of gain, as some assert, that gives greatest pleasure, but the enjoyment of honour.
美國
[编辑]奧巴馬2008年總統勝選演講
[编辑]- If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible; who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time; who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.
- —— もしも、米国はあらゆる事が可能な地であると言う事を未だにい、等の夢がに於いても生き続けているのかかを未だにしみ、我々の民主主義の力を未だにう者が居るのであれば、今夜が答えである。
- —— 余嘗聞世人有疑,不知當今美利堅凡事皆可成就耶?開國先賢之志猶巋然於世耶?民主之偉力不減於昔年耶?凡此諸疑,今夕當煥然冰釋矣。
- Let us resist the temptation to fall back on the same partisanship and pettiness and immaturity that has poisoned our politics for so long.
- —— 此の国の政治をして来た、主義や、に再び陥らぬよう、に。
- —— 黨爭紛紜,錙銖必較,輕狂懵懂,皆腐壞人心、惑亂政局之弊也,其來已久,余今願與諸君協力,共滅除之。
- To those who would tear this world down: We will defeat you. To those who seek peace and security: We support you.
- —— 世界を人々よ、我々は御前達をする。平和と安全を人々よ、我々は諸君を支援する。
- —— 至若如如蛇,與世為敵者,吾邦猛志常在,彼等必取滅亡。而溫良恭儉,久慕大同者,吾輩則當傾力以助,鼎力相援。
- What we have already achieved gives us hope for what we can and must achieve tomorrow.
- —— 我々が此れ迄に達成して来た事は、明日達成出来、又達成せねばなら無い事への希望を我々に与えて呉れる。
新加坡
[编辑]李顯龍二零二四年勞動節集會演講
[编辑]- 李顯龍. Transcript of speech by Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong at May Day Rally 2024 at Marina Bay Sands Convention Centre on 1 May 2024. 新加坡總理辦公室. 2024年5月1日 [2024年5月13日].
- 論威脅思潮 ——[I]f our system malfunctions – becomes BESET by populism, tribalism, nativism, or obsessed by short term gains, like some other countries – then we will certainly be sunk.
- 論卓越與平庸 —— [I]t is crucial that all of us uphold this ethos of exceptionalism and excellence[.]
- Even if we just become ordinary, average, we will already be in serious trouble.
- 論分歧 —— [W]hen we are dealing with controversial issues, we accept that differences exist, but we will avoid accentuating them. Accept them, do not accentuate them.
- ACCENTUATE - 加重音符號 (accent) 於,引申為:凸顯
- 論黨與勞工運動的關係 —— [The] symbiotic partnership [of People's Action Party and the Labour Movement] was born in a crucible of fire.
- SYMBIOTIC - 共生的
- CRUCIBLE - 坩鍋,引申為:嚴峻的考驗
- 論經濟脫碳 —— We will decarbonise our economy to reach net zero carbon emissions, and do our part to mitigate climate change.
- 追懷李光耀名言 —— Mr Lee Kuan Yew memorably said, shortly after independence: “Over 100 years ago, this was a mudflat, swamp. Today, this is a modern city. Ten years from now, this will be a metropolis. Never fear.”
- MEMORABLY - 值得紀念地,易於記憶地