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2024 United States Senate elections

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For related races, see 2024 United States elections.

2024 United States Senate elections
← 2022 November 5, 2024 2026 →
34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate
51[a] seats needed for a majority
 
Leader Chuck Schumer Mitch McConnell
(retiring as leader)
Party Democratic Republican
Leader since January 3, 2017 January 3, 2007
Leader's seat New York Kentucky
Current seats 47[b] 49
Seats needed Steady Increase 2 (or 1 + VP)[c]
Seats up 19 11
 
Party Independent
Current seats 4[b]
Seats up 4
2024 United States Senate elections in California2024 United States Senate special election in Nebraska2024 United States Senate election in Arizona2024 United States Senate elections in California2024 United States Senate election in Connecticut2024 United States Senate election in Delaware2024 United States Senate election in Florida2024 United States Senate election in Hawaii2024 United States Senate election in Indiana2024 United States Senate election in Maine2024 United States Senate election in Maryland2024 United States Senate election in Massachusetts2024 United States Senate election in Michigan2024 United States Senate election in Minnesota2024 United States Senate election in Mississippi2024 United States Senate election in Missouri2024 United States Senate election in Montana2024 United States Senate election in Nebraska2024 United States Senate election in Nevada2024 United States Senate election in New Jersey2024 United States Senate election in New Mexico2024 United States Senate election in New York2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota2024 United States Senate election in Ohio2024 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania2024 United States Senate election in Rhode Island2024 United States Senate election in Tennessee2024 United States Senate election in Texas2024 United States Senate election in Utah2024 United States Senate election in Vermont2024 United States Senate election in Virginia2024 United States Senate election in Washington2024 United States Senate election in West Virginia2024 United States Senate election in Wisconsin2024 United States Senate election in Wyoming
Map of the incumbents:
     Democratic incumbent running      Democratic incumbent retiring
     Republican incumbent running      Republican incumbent retiring
     Independent incumbent running      Independent incumbent retiring
     No election
Rectangular inset (Nebraska): both seats up for election
Incumbent Majority Leader

Chuck Schumer
Democratic



The 2024 United States Senate elections are scheduled to be held on November 5, 2024, as part of the 2024 United States elections. Thirty-three out of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate will be contested in regular elections.[3][4] Senators are divided into three classes whose 6-year terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every two years.[5] Class 1 senators will face election in 2024.[6]

As of November 2024, 26 senators (15 Democrats, nine Republicans, and two independents) are seeking re-election in 2024.[7] Two Republicans (Mike Braun of Indiana and Mitt Romney of Utah), three Democrats (Ben Cardin of Maryland, Tom Carper of Delaware, Debbie Stabenow of Michigan), and two Independents (Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona and Joe Manchin of West Virginia) are not seeking reelection.[8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Laphonza Butler of California and George Helmy of New Jersey, Democrats who were appointed to their current seats in 2023 and 2024, respectively, are not seeking election in 2024.[15][16]

Two special Senate elections will take place concurrently with the 2024 regular Senate elections: one in California, to fill the final two months of Dianne Feinstein's term following her death in September 2023; and one in Nebraska, to fill the remaining two years of Ben Sasse's term following his resignation in January 2023.[17][13][18]

Partisan composition

[edit]

All 33 Class 1 Senate seats, and one Class 2 seat, are up for election in 2024; Class 1 currently consists of 20 Democrats, 4 independents who caucus with the Senate Democrats,[d] and 10 Republicans.

Election analysts consider the map for these Senate elections to be highly unfavorable to Democrats. Democrats will be defending 23 of the 33 Class 1 seats.[21] Three seats being defended by Democrats are in states won by Republican Donald Trump in both 2016 and 2020, while there are no seats in this class held by Republicans in states won by Democrat Joe Biden in 2020. In the previous Senate election cycle that coincided with a presidential election (2020), only one senator (Susan Collins of Maine) was elected in a state that was simultaneously won by the presidential nominee of the opposite party.[22]

Summary results

[edit]

Seats

[edit]
Parties Total
Democratic Independent Republican
Last elections (2022) 49 2 49 100
Before these elections 47 4 49 100
Not up 28 – 38 66
Class 2 (2020→2026) 13 – 19 32
Class 3 (2022→2028) 15 – 19 34
Up 19[e] 4[f] 11 33
Class 1 (2018→2024) 21[f] 2 10 33
Special: Class 1 & 2 1[e] — 1[g] 2
General election
Incumbent retiring 5[e] 2 2 9
Held by same party — — — —
Replaced by other party — — — —
Result — — — —
Incumbent running 13 2 8 23
Won re-election — — — —
Lost re-election — — — —
Result TBA TBA TBA TBA
Special elections
Appointee retiring 1[e] — — 1
Appointee running – – 1[g] 1
Individuals elected – – – –
Result – – – –
Result TBA TBA TBA 100

Change in composition

[edit]

Each block represents one of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate. "D#" is a Democratic/active senator, "I#" is an Independent senator, and "R#" is a Republican/active senator. They are arranged so that the parties are separated, and a majority is clear by crossing the middle.

Before the elections

[edit]

Each block indicates an incumbent senator's actions going into the election.

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 D29
Calif.
Retiring 		D30
Conn.
Running
D40
N.M.
Running 		D39
N.J.
Retiring 		D38
Nev.
Running 		D37
Mont.
Running 		D36
Minn.
Running 		D35
Mich.
Retiring 		D34
Mass.
Running 		D33
Md.
Retiring 		D32
Hawaii
Running 		D31
Del.
Retiring
D41
N.Y.
Running 		D42
Ohio
Running 		D43
Pa.
Running 		D44
R.I.
Running 		D45
Va.
Running 		D46
Wash.
Running 		D47
Wis.
Running 		I1
Ariz.
Retiring 		I2
Maine
Running 		I3
Vt.
Running
Majority (with Independents) ↑
R41
Miss.
Running 		R42
Mo.
Running 		R43
Neb. (reg)
Running 		R44
Neb. (sp)
Running 		R45
N.D.
Running 		R46
Tenn.
Running 		R47
Texas
Running 		R48
Utah
Retiring 		R49
Wyo.
Running 		I4
W.Va.
Retiring
R40
Ind.
Retiring 		R39
Fla.
Running 		R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10

After the elections

[edit]
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28 Ariz.
TBD 		Calif.
TBD
Minn.
TBD 		Mich.
TBD 		Mass.
TBD 		Md.
TBD 		Maine
TBD 		Ind.
TBD 		Hawaii
TBD 		Fla.
TBD 		Del.
TBD 		Conn.
TBD
Mont.
TBD 		Miss.
TBD 		Mo.
TBD 		N.D.
TBD 		Neb. (reg)
TBD 		Neb. (sp)
TBD 		Nev.
TBD 		N.J.
TBD 		N.M.
TBD 		N.Y.
TBD
Majority TBD →
W.Va.
TBD 		Wash.
TBD 		Va.
TBD 		Vt.
TBD 		Utah
TBD 		Texas
TBD 		Tenn.
TBD 		R.I.
TBD 		Pa.
TBD 		Ohio
TBD
Wis.
TBD 		Wyo.
TBD 		R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31
R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28 R29 R30
R20 R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10
Key
D# Democratic
R# Republican
I# Independent, caucusing with Democrats

Predictions

[edit]

Several sites and individuals published predictions of competitive seats. These predictions looked at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent was running for reelection) and the other candidates, and the state's partisan lean (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assigned ratings to each seat, indicating the predicted advantage that a party had in winning that seat. Most election predictors used:

  • "tossup": no advantage
  • "tilt" (used by some predictors): advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
  • "lean" or "leans": slight advantage
  • "likely": significant, but surmountable, advantage
  • "safe" or "solid": near-certain chance of victory
Constituency Incumbent Ratings
State PVI[23] Senator Last
election[h] 		Cook
Oct. 21,
2024[24] 		IE
Oct. 31,
2024[25] 		Sabato
Oct. 24,
2024[26] 		RCP
Oct. 30,
2024[27] 		ED
Nov. 4,
2024[28] 		CNalysis
Nov. 4,
2024[29] 		DDHQ/The Hill
Nov. 3,
2024[30] 		Fox
Oct. 29,
2024[31] 		538
Nov. 2,
2024[32]
Arizona R+2 Kyrsten Sinema
(retiring) 		50.0% D[i] Lean D Lean D Lean D Tossup Likely D Likely D Lean D Lean D Likely D
California[j] D+13 Laphonza Butler
(retiring) 		Appointed
(2023)[k] 		Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
Connecticut D+7 Chris Murphy 59.5% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
Delaware D+7 Tom Carper
(retiring) 		60.0% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
Florida R+3 Rick Scott 50.1% R Likely R Likely R Likely R Lean R Likely R Likely R Lean R Likely R Likely R
Hawaii D+14 Mazie Hirono 71.2% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
Indiana R+11 Mike Braun
(retiring) 		50.7% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R
Maine D+2 Angus King 54.3% I Solid I Solid I Safe I Solid I Safe I Solid I Safe I Solid I Likely I
Maryland D+14 Ben Cardin
(retiring) 		64.9% D Likely D Likely D Likely D Lean D Safe D Solid D Safe D Lean D Solid D
Massachusetts D+15 Elizabeth Warren 60.3% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
Michigan R+1 Debbie Stabenow
(retiring) 		52.3% D Tossup Tilt D Lean D Tossup Lean D Lean D Lean D Tossup Likely D
Minnesota D+1 Amy Klobuchar 60.3% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
Mississippi R+11 Roger Wicker 58.5% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R
Missouri R+10 Josh Hawley 51.4% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Likely R Safe R Solid R Likely R Solid R Solid R
Montana R+11 Jon Tester 50.3% D Lean R (flip) Tilt R (flip) Lean R (flip) Lean R (flip) Lean R (flip) Tilt R (flip) Lean R (flip) Lean R (flip) Likely R (flip)
Nebraska
(regular) 		R+13 Deb Fischer 57.7% R Lean R Lean R Lean R Lean R Likely R Tilt R Likely R Lean R Likely R
Nebraska
(special) 		R+13 Pete Ricketts Appointed
(2023)[l] 		Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R
Nevada R+1 Jacky Rosen 50.4% D Lean D Lean D Lean D Tossup Likely D Lean D Lean D Lean D Likely D
New Jersey D+6 George Helmy
(retiring) 		Appointed
(2024)[m] 		Solid D Solid D Safe D Likely D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Likely D
New Mexico D+3 Martin Heinrich 54.1% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Lean D Safe D Solid D Likely D Likely D Solid D
New York D+10 Kirsten Gillibrand 67.0% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
North Dakota R+20 Kevin Cramer 55.1% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R
Ohio R+6 Sherrod Brown 53.4% D Tossup Tossup Tossup Tossup Lean D Tilt D Tossup Tossup Tossup
Pennsylvania R+2 Bob Casey Jr. 55.7% D Tossup Tilt D Lean D Tossup Lean D Lean D Tossup Tossup Lean D
Rhode Island D+8 Sheldon Whitehouse 61.4% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
Tennessee R+14 Marsha Blackburn 54.7% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R
Texas R+5 Ted Cruz 50.9% R Lean R Tilt R Likely R Tossup Lean R Tilt R Lean R Likely R Likely R
Utah R+13 Mitt Romney
(retiring) 		62.6% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R
Vermont D+16 Bernie Sanders 67.4% I Solid I Solid I Safe I Solid I Safe I Solid I Safe I Solid I Solid I
Virginia D+3 Tim Kaine 57.0% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Likely D Safe D Solid D Likely D Solid D Likely D
Washington D+8 Maria Cantwell 58.3% D Solid D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Safe D Solid D Solid D
West Virginia R+22 Joe Manchin
(retiring) 		49.6% D[n] Solid R (flip) Solid R (flip) Safe R (flip) Solid R (flip) Safe R (flip) Solid R (flip) Safe R (flip) Solid R (flip) Solid R (flip)
Wisconsin R+2 Tammy Baldwin 55.4% D Tossup Tilt D Lean D Tossup Lean D Lean D Tossup Tossup Lean D
Wyoming R+25 John Barrasso 67.0% R Solid R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Safe R Solid R Solid R
Overall[o] D/I - 45
R - 51
4 tossups 		D/I - 48
R - 51
1 tossup 		D/I - 48
R - 51
1 tossup 		D/I - 43
R - 50
7 tossups 		D/I - 49
R - 51
0 tossups 		D/I - 49
R - 51
0 tossups 		D/I - 46
R - 51
3 tossups 		D/I - 45
R - 51
4 tossups 		D/I - 48
R - 51
1 tossup

Retirements

[edit]

Nine senators have announced plans to retire. Senator Dianne Feinstein had previously announced her intent to retire at the end of her term; however, she died on September 29, 2023.

State Senator Ref
Arizona Kyrsten Sinema [14]
California Laphonza Butler [15]
Delaware Tom Carper [10]
Indiana Mike Braun [8]
Maryland Ben Cardin [9]
Michigan Debbie Stabenow [13]
New Jersey George Helmy [16]
Utah Mitt Romney [11]
West Virginia Joe Manchin [12]

Race summary

[edit]

Special elections during the preceding Congress

[edit]

In each special election, the winner's term begins immediately after their election is certified by their state's government.

Elections are sorted by date then state.

State Incumbent Status Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
California
(Class 1) 		Laphonza Butler Democratic 2023 (appointed) Interim appointee retiring.[15]
Nebraska
(Class 2) 		Pete Ricketts Republican 2023 (appointed) Interim appointee nominated.

Elections leading to the next Congress

[edit]

In these general elections, the winners will be elected for the term beginning January 3, 2025.

State Incumbent Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history Last race Result
Arizona Kyrsten Sinema Independent 2018[i] 50.0% D Incumbent retiring.[14]
California Laphonza Butler Democratic 2023 (appointed) 54.2% D[k] Interim appointee retiring.[15]
Connecticut Chris Murphy Democratic 2012
2018 		59.5% D Incumbent renominated.
Delaware Tom Carper Democratic 2000
2006
2012
2018 		60.0% D Incumbent retiring.[10]
Florida Rick Scott Republican 2018 50.1% R Incumbent renominated.
Hawaii Mazie Hirono Democratic 2012
2018 		71.2% D Incumbent renominated.
Indiana Mike Braun Republican 2018 50.7% R Incumbent retiring to
run for governor.[8]
Maine Angus King Independent 2012
2018 		54.3% I Incumbent running.
Maryland Ben Cardin Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		64.9% D Incumbent retiring.[9]
Massachusetts Elizabeth Warren Democratic 2012
2018 		60.3% D Incumbent renominated.
Michigan Debbie Stabenow Democratic 2000
2006
2012
2018 		52.3% D Incumbent retiring.[13]
Minnesota Amy Klobuchar DFL 2006
2012
2018 		60.3% DFL Incumbent renominated.
Mississippi Roger Wicker Republican 2007 (appointed)
2008 (special)
2012
2018 		58.5% R Incumbent renominated.
Missouri Josh Hawley Republican 2018 51.4% R Incumbent renominated.
Montana Jon Tester Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		50.3% D Incumbent renominated.
Nebraska Deb Fischer Republican 2012
2018 		57.7% R Incumbent renominated.
Nevada Jacky Rosen Democratic 2018 50.4% D Incumbent renominated.
New Jersey George Helmy Democratic 2024 (appointed) 54.0% D[m] Interim appointee retiring.[16]
New Mexico Martin Heinrich Democratic 2012
2018 		54.1% D Incumbent renominated.
New York Kirsten Gillibrand Democratic 2009 (appointed)
2010 (special)
2012
2018 		67.0% D Incumbent renominated.
North Dakota Kevin Cramer Republican 2018 55.1% R Incumbent renominated.
Ohio Sherrod Brown Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		53.4% D Incumbent renominated.
Pennsylvania Bob Casey Jr. Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		55.7% D Incumbent renominated.
Rhode Island Sheldon Whitehouse Democratic 2006
2012
2018 		61.4% D Incumbent renominated.
Tennessee Marsha Blackburn Republican 2018 54.7% R Incumbent renominated.
Texas Ted Cruz Republican 2012
2018 		50.9% R Incumbent renominated.
Utah Mitt Romney Republican 2018 62.6% R Incumbent retiring.[11]
Vermont Bernie Sanders Independent 2006
2012
2018 		67.4% I Incumbent running.
Virginia Tim Kaine Democratic 2012
2018 		57.0% D Incumbent renominated.
Washington Maria Cantwell Democratic 2000
2006
2012
2018 		58.3% D Incumbent renominated.
West Virginia Joe Manchin Independent 2010 (special)[n]
2012
2018 		49.6% D Incumbent retiring.[12]
Wisconsin Tammy Baldwin Democratic 2012
2018 		55.4% D Incumbent renominated.
Wyoming John Barrasso Republican 2007 (appointed)
2008 (special)
2012
2018 		67.0% R Incumbent renominated.

Arizona

[edit]
Arizona election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Ruben Gallego Kari Lake
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Kyrsten Sinema
Independent



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Arizona
See also: List of United States senators from Arizona and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona

One-term independent Kyrsten Sinema was narrowly elected in 2018 as a Democrat with 50.0% of the vote. She left the Democratic Party in December 2022.[76] Sinema announced on March 5, 2024, that she would not run for reelection.[77]

Prior to her retirement announcement, Sinema was considered vulnerable to challengers from the Democratic Party due to her opposition to some of President Joe Biden's agenda,[78] and U.S. representative Ruben Gallego launched an early bid for the Democratic nomination, which he won with no opposition.[79][80]

Among Republicans, Pinal County sheriff Mark Lamb and 2022 gubernatorial nominee Kari Lake have announced their candidacies.[81][82] Lake won the Republican primary by less than expected.

California

[edit]
California election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Candidate Adam Schiff Steve Garvey
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Laphonza Butler[p]
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate elections in California
See also: List of United States senators from California and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in California

Five-term Democrat Dianne Feinstein was reelected in 2018 with 54.2% of the vote against another Democrat. On February 14, 2023, Feinstein announced that she would not seek reelection to a sixth term.[83] However, she died on September 29, 2023, leaving the seat vacant. Democrat Laphonza Butler, president of EMILY's List, was appointed by California Governor Gavin Newsom to succeed Feinstein on October 2, 2023.[84] Butler is not running for election to a full term, or for the final two months of the current term.[15]

There were three major Democratic candidates for the seat — U.S. representatives Barbara Lee, Katie Porter, and Adam Schiff — along with former professional baseball player Steve Garvey running as a Republican.[85][86][87][88][89] Schiff was viewed as representing the establishment wing of the Democratic Party, while Porter and Lee represent the progressive wing.[90]

Schiff and Garvey won the non-partisan primary election which took place on March 5, 2024, during Super Tuesday, setting up a general election campaign between the two.[90]

Due to California's election rules, similar to the previous election for the other seat, there will be two ballot items for the same seat: a general election, to elect a Class 1 senator to a full term beginning with the 119th United States Congress, to be sworn in on January 3, 2025; and a special election to fill that seat for the final weeks of the 118th Congress.

Connecticut

[edit]
Connecticut election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Chris Murphy Matthew Corey
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Chris Murphy
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Connecticut
See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut

Two-term Democrat Chris Murphy was reelected in 2018 with 59.5% of the vote. He has announced he is running for a third term.[91] Beacon Falls First Selectman Gerry Smith announced his campaign in early February 2024.[92] The Republican primary was won by tavern owner Matthew Corey,[93] who was the Republican nominee in 2018.[94]

Delaware

[edit]
Delaware election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Lisa Blunt Rochester Eric Hansen
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Tom Carper
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Delaware
See also: List of United States senators from Delaware and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware

Four-term Democrat Tom Carper was reelected in 2018 with 60.0% of the vote. He announced on May 22, 2023, that he will be retiring, and will not run for a fifth term.[95]

Delaware's at-large U.S. representative Lisa Blunt Rochester is running for the Democratic nomination to succeed Carper, who endorsed her when he announced his retirement.[96][97]

Term-limited governor John Carney was also considered a possible Democratic candidate.[95][98] Carney announced that he is running for mayor of Wilmington.[99]

Among Republicans, businessman Eric Hansen has announced his candidacy.[100]

Florida

[edit]
Florida election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Rick Scott Debbie Mucarsel-Powell
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Rick Scott
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Florida
See also: List of United States senators from Florida and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Florida

Former governor and incumbent one-term Republican Rick Scott was narrowly elected in 2018 with 50.06% of the vote. He is running for reelection to a second term.[101] Brevard County assistant district attorney Keith Gross and actor John Columbus are challenging Scott for the Republican nomination.[102][103]

Former U.S. representative Debbie Mucarsel-Powell is running for the Democratic nomination to challenge Scott.[104]

Hawaii

[edit]
Hawaii election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Mazie Hirono Bob McDermott
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Mazie Hirono
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Hawaii
See also: List of United States senators from Hawaii and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii

Two-term Democrat Mazie Hirono was reelected in 2018 with 71.2% of the vote. Hirono is running for a third term.[38] Former state representative Bob McDermott won a 6-candidate race to be the Republican nominee.[105]

Indiana

[edit]
Indiana election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Jim Banks Valerie McCray
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Mike Braun
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Indiana
See also: List of United States senators from Indiana and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana

One-term Republican Mike Braun was elected in 2018 with 50.8% of the vote. Braun is retiring to prepare to run for governor of Indiana.[8] U.S. representative Jim Banks ran unopposed in the primary after his only competition, businessman John Rust, was disqualified.[106]

Psychologist Valerie McCray defeated former state representative Marc Carmichael for the Democratic nomination.[107]

Maine

[edit]
Maine election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Angus King Demitroula Kouzounas David Costello
Party Independent Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Angus King
Independent



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Maine
See also: List of United States senators from Maine and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Maine

Two-term Independent incumbent Angus King was reelected in 2018 with 54.3% of the vote in a three-candidate election. He intends to run for a third term, despite previously hinting that he may retire.[108]

Democratic consultant David Costello and dentist Demitroula Kouzounas, a former Maine Republican Party chair, each won their respective party primaries unopposed.[109] They will both face King in the general election in November.

Maryland

[edit]
Maryland election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Angela Alsobrooks Larry Hogan
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Ben Cardin
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Maryland
See also: List of United States senators from Maryland and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland

Three-term Democrat Ben Cardin was reelected in 2018 with 64.9% of the vote. On May 1, 2023, Cardin announced he is not running for reelection.[110]

Prince George's County Executive Angela Alsobrooks defeated U.S. representative David Trone for the Democratic nomination after a contentious primary, where Trone spent heavily from his personal wealth while Alsobrooks had the support of most elected Democrats.[111]

Former governor Larry Hogan easily defeated conservative former state delegate Robin Ficker for the Republican nomination.[112] A popular moderate known for his political independence, Hogan had previously declined to run,[113] but unexpectedly filed to run hours before the candidate filing deadline.[46]

Massachusetts

[edit]
Massachusetts election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Candidate Elizabeth Warren John Deaton
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Elizabeth Warren
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Massachusetts
See also: List of United States senators from Massachusetts and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts

Two-term Democrat Elizabeth Warren was reelected in 2018 with 60.3% of the vote. On March 27, 2023, Warren announced that she is running for reelection.[114]

Software company owner Robert Antonellis,[115] Quincy City Council president Ian Cain,[116] and attorney John Deaton[117] are running as Republicans.

Michigan

[edit]
Michigan election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Elissa Slotkin Mike Rogers
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Debbie Stabenow
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Michigan
See also: List of United States senators from Michigan and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan

Four-term Democrat Debbie Stabenow was reelected in 2018 with 52.3% of the vote. She announced on January 5, 2023, that she will retire, and will not run for a fifth term.[13]

Representative Elissa Slotkin,[118] and state representative Leslie Love[119] have announced their candidacies for the Democratic nomination. Businessman and 2006 Republican candidate for this seat Nasser Beydoun has also declared his candidacy as a Democrat.[120] Actor Hill Harper announced his campaign for the Democratic nomination in July 2023.[121]

The primary took place on August 6, 2024. Former U.S. representatives Mike Rogers, Justin Amash, and hedge fund manager Sandy Pensler[122] are running for the Republican nomination.[123][124][125][126]

Representative John James, the Republican nominee for this seat in 2018 and for Michigan's other Senate seat in 2020, declined to run.[127]

The nominees are Slotkin and Rogers, who easily won their primaries as expected.

Minnesota

[edit]
Minnesota election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Amy Klobuchar Royce White
Party Democratic (DFL) Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Amy Klobuchar
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Minnesota
See also: List of United States senators from Minnesota and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota

Three-term Democrat Amy Klobuchar was reelected in 2018 with 60.3% of the vote. She is running for a fourth term.[38]

In the August 13 Republican primary, former NBA basketball player Royce White won an eight-candidate primary with 38% of the vote, with banker and retired U.S. Navy commander Joe Fraser finishing second with 29% of the vote[128] Third party candidates consist of guardianship advocate and Republican candidate for governor in 2022, Independence-Alliance Party candidate, Joyce Lacy.[129]

Mississippi

[edit]
Mississippi election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Roger Wicker Ty Pinkins
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Roger Wicker
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Mississippi
See also: List of United States senators from Mississippi and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi

Two-term Republican Roger Wicker was reelected in 2018 with 58.5% of the vote. Wicker is running for a third full term. He faced a primary challenge from conservative state representative Dan Eubanks and won by a comfortable margin.[130] Wicker will face Democratic lawyer Ty Pinkins in the general election.[131]

Missouri

[edit]
Missouri election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Josh Hawley Lucas Kunce
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Josh Hawley
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Missouri
See also: List of United States senators from Missouri and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri

One-term Republican Josh Hawley was elected in 2018 with 51.4% of the vote. He is running for reelection.[132]

Marine Veteran Lucas Kunce, who ran unsuccessfully for the Class III seat in 2022, won the Democratic nomination on August 6, 2024.[133]

Montana

[edit]
Montana election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Jon Tester Tim Sheehy
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Jon Tester
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Montana
See also: List of United States senators from Montana and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Montana

Three-term Democrat Jon Tester was narrowly reelected in 2018 with 50.3% of the vote. On February 22, 2023, he announced he is running for a fourth term. Tester is one of two Democratic senators running for reelection who represent states won by Republican Donald Trump in both the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections.[134]

Businessman and former Navy SEAL officer Tim Sheehy won the Republican nomination.[135] U.S. representative Matt Rosendale, also a Republican, ran against Sheehy for the nomination in February,[136] but withdrew from the race days later.[137]

Nebraska

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Nebraska and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska

There will be two elections in Nebraska, due to the resignation of Ben Sasse.

Nebraska (regular)

[edit]
Nebraska general election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Deb Fischer Dan Osborn
Party Republican Independent
Incumbent U.S. senator

Deb Fischer
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Nebraska

Two-term Republican Deb Fischer was reelected in 2018 with 57.7% of the vote. On May 14, 2021, Fischer announced she is seeking reelection, despite previously declaring an intention to retire.[138]

Dan Osborn, a union leader and steamfitter, is running as an independent. Since Osborn declared, the Democratic Party fielded no candidates in order to endorse him, but he stated he would accept the help of no parties.[139]

Nebraska (special)

[edit]
Nebraska special election
← 2020
2026 →
 
Nominee Pete Ricketts Preston Love Jr.
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Pete Ricketts
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate special election in Nebraska

Two-term Republican Ben Sasse resigned his seat on January 8, 2023, to become president of the University of Florida.[140][17] Former Governor and 2006 Senate nominee Pete Ricketts was appointed by Governor Jim Pillen and a special election for the seat will take place concurrently with the 2024 regular Senate elections. Ricketts defeated Air Force veteran John Glen Weaver for the Republican nomination.[141] Former University of Nebraska Omaha professor Preston Love Jr. is running as a Democrat.[142]

Nevada

[edit]
Nevada election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Jacky Rosen Sam Brown
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Jacky Rosen
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Nevada
See also: List of United States senators from Nevada and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Nevada

One-term Democrat Jacky Rosen was elected in 2018 with 50.4% of the vote. Rosen is running for a second term.[38]

Veteran and 2022 Senate candidate Sam Brown was declared the Republican nominee after winning the June 11 primary.[143] Brown easily won against former ambassador to Iceland Jeffrey Ross Gunter and former state assemblyman Jim Marchant, among others.

New Jersey

[edit]
New Jersey election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Andy Kim Curtis Bashaw
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

George Helmy
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New Jersey
See also: List of United States senators from New Jersey and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey

Democrat Bob Menendez was reelected in 2018 with 54.0% of the vote. On July 13, 2021, The New Jersey Globe reported that Menendez planned to run for a fourth full term.[144][145] On September 22, 2023, Menendez was indicted on federal bribery charges.[146] On March 14, 2024, a week after his planned retirement, Menendez reversed his decision and attempted to run for re-election as an Independent candidate.[147] Following his conviction on July 16, he announced that he would resign on August 20 and suspend his candidacy.[148][149] Governor Phil Murphy announced that day he would appoint George Helmy, his former chief of staff, to serve as the caretaker before the election.[150]

Financier and current first lady of New Jersey Tammy Murphy also ran for the Democratic nomination, but ended her campaign in March 2024.[151]

Mendham mayor Christine Serrano Glassner[152] and real estate developer Curtis Bashaw[153] ran for the Republican nomination.[154] On June 4, 2024, Bashaw won the Republican primary in an upset.[155]

New Mexico

[edit]
New Mexico election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Martin Heinrich Nella Domenici
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Martin Heinrich
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New Mexico
See also: List of United States senators from New Mexico and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico

Two-term Democrat Martin Heinrich was reelected in 2018 with 54.1% of the vote in a three-candidate race. He is running for a third term.[156] Hedge fund executive Nella Domenici, whose father Pete served in the U.S. Senate from 1973 to 2009, announced her candidacy for the Republican nomination on January 17, 2024.[157]

New York

[edit]
New York election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Kirsten Gillibrand Mike Sapraicone
Party Democratic Republican
Alliance Working Families Conservative
Incumbent U.S. senator

Kirsten Gillibrand
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in New York
See also: List of United States senators from New York and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New York

Two-term Democrat Kirsten Gillibrand was reelected in 2018 with 67.0% of the vote. She is running for a third full term.[158]

Former New York City Police detective Mike Sapraicone has declared his candidacy as a Republican.[159]

North Dakota

[edit]
North Dakota election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Kevin Cramer Katrina Christiansen
Party Republican Democratic–NPL
Incumbent U.S. senator

Kevin Cramer
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota
See also: List of United States senators from North Dakota and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota

One-term Republican Kevin Cramer was elected in 2018 with 55.1% of the vote. Cramer is running for re-election.[160]

Democrat Katrina Christiansen, an engineering professor from the University of Jamestown and candidate for the Senate in 2022 is her party's nominee.[60]

Ohio

[edit]
Ohio election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Sherrod Brown Bernie Moreno
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Sherrod Brown
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Ohio
See also: List of United States senators from Ohio and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio

Three-term Democrat Sherrod Brown was reelected in 2018 with 53.4% of the vote. Brown is running for a fourth term. He is also one of two Democratic senators running for reelection who represent states won by Republican Donald Trump in both the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections.[161]

The Republican nominee is businessman Bernie Moreno, who defeated state senator Matt Dolan and secretary of state Frank LaRose in the primary election.[162]

Pennsylvania

[edit]
Pennsylvania election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Bob Casey Jr. David McCormick
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Bob Casey Jr.
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania

Three-term Democrat Bob Casey Jr., was reelected in 2018 with 55.7% of the vote. Casey is running for a fourth term.[163] He is being challenged by engineer Blaine Forkner.[164]

2022 Senate candidate David McCormick is the republican nominee.[165]

Rhode Island

[edit]
Rhode Island election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Sheldon Whitehouse Patricia Morgan
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Sheldon Whitehouse
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Rhode Island
See also: List of United States senators from Rhode Island and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island

Three-term Democrat Sheldon Whitehouse was reelected in 2018 with 61.4% of the vote. He is running for a fourth term. Republicans who have announced their candidacies include state representative Patricia Morgan[166] and IT professional Raymond McKay.[167]

Tennessee

[edit]
Tennessee election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Marsha Blackburn Gloria Johnson
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Marsha Blackburn
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Tennessee
See also: List of United States senators from Tennessee and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee

One-term Republican Marsha Blackburn was elected in 2018 with 54.7% of the vote. Blackburn has filed paperwork to run for reelection. The Democratic nominee is state representative Gloria Johnson.[168]

Texas

[edit]
Texas election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Ted Cruz Colin Allred
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Ted Cruz
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Texas
See also: List of United States senators from Texas and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas

Two-term Republican Ted Cruz was narrowly reelected in 2018 with 50.9% of the vote. Cruz is running for a third term.[169]

The Democratic nominee is U.S. representative Colin Allred, who defeated state senator Roland Gutierrez and state representative Carl Sherman in the primary election.[170][171]

Utah

[edit]
Utah election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee John Curtis Caroline Gleich
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

Mitt Romney
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Utah
See also: List of United States senators from Utah and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Utah

One-term Republican Mitt Romney was elected in 2018 with 62.6% of the vote. On September 13, 2023, Romney announced he would not seek reelection in 2024.[172]

The Republican nominee is U.S. representative John Curtis,[173] who defeated Riverton Mayor Trent Staggs,[174] and state House speaker Brad Wilson,[175] in the primary election.

The Democratic nominee is professional skier Caroline Gleich.[176]

Vermont

[edit]
Vermont election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Bernie Sanders Gerald Malloy
Party Independent Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Bernie Sanders
Independent



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Vermont
See also: List of United States senators from Vermont and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in Vermont

Three-term independent Bernie Sanders was re-elected in 2018 with 67.4% of the vote. He is being challenged by artist Cris Ericson, an independent perennial candidate.[177] Businessman Gerald Malloy, who was the Republican nominee for the Senate in 2022, secured the Republican nomination unopposed.[178]

Virginia

[edit]
Virginia election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Tim Kaine Hung Cao
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Tim Kaine
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Virginia
See also: List of United States senators from Virginia and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia

Two-term Democrat Tim Kaine was reelected in 2018 with 57.0% of the vote. On January 20, 2023, he confirmed he is running for reelection to a third term.[179] Governor Glenn Youngkin, who will be term-limited in 2025, was considered a possible Republican candidate.[180]

On July 18, 2023, Navy veteran Hung Cao announced he would run as a Republican. Cao unsuccessfully ran for the U.S. House of Representatives against Democrat Jennifer Wexton in 2022.[181]

Washington

[edit]
Washington election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Candidate Maria Cantwell Raul Garcia
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Maria Cantwell
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Washington
See also: List of United States senators from Washington and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington

Four-term Democrat Maria Cantwell was reelected in 2018 with 58.3% of the vote.

Emergency room physician Raul Garcia announced that he would run as a Republican.[182]

West Virginia

[edit]
West Virginia election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Glenn Elliott Jim Justice
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Joe Manchin
Independent



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in West Virginia
See also: List of United States senators from West Virginia and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in West Virginia

Independent Joe Manchin, who was elected as a Democrat, was re-elected in 2018 with 49.6% of the vote. On November 9, 2023, Manchin announced he would not seek re-election.[12] Since Manchin announced his retirement, all major outlets have since rated this seat as expected to flip to GOP control, which would put this seat in Republican hands for the first time in 68 years.

Popular Governor Jim Justice easily defeated U.S. representative Alex Mooney[183] in the Republican primary.

Wheeling mayor Glenn Elliott, who has Manchin's endorsement,[184] defeated community organizer and U.S. Marine Corps veteran Zachary Shrewsbury and former coal executive Don Blankenship in the primary for the Democratic Party nomination.[185]

Wisconsin

[edit]
Wisconsin election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee Tammy Baldwin Eric Hovde
Party Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. senator

Tammy Baldwin
Democratic



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Wisconsin
See also: List of United States senators from Wisconsin and 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin

Two-term Democrat Tammy Baldwin was reelected in 2018 with 55.4% of the vote. She is running for reelection.[74] Hedge fund manager Eric Hovde, candidate for the Senate in 2012, announced a second attempt at the Republican nomination. Former Milwaukee County sheriff David Clarke[186] was seen as a potential Republican challenger to Hovde's bid, but never ended up beginning a campaign for Senate.[187][188]

Wyoming

[edit]
Wyoming election
← 2018
2030 →
 
Nominee John Barrasso Scott Morrow
Party Republican Democratic
Incumbent U.S. senator

John Barrasso
Republican



Main article: 2024 United States Senate election in Wyoming
See also: List of United States senators from Wyoming and 2024 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming

Republican John Barrasso was reelected in 2018 with 67.0% of the vote. On April 19, 2024, Barrasso announced he would run for reelection.[189] Former Postal Union president Scott Morrow is the Democratic nominee.[190]

Barrasso easily defeated his Republican primary challengers John Holtz and Reid Rasner on August 20, 2024.[191]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Majority control in an evenly divided Senate is determined by the Vice President of the United States, who has the power to break tied votes in their constitutional capacity as President of the Senate; accordingly, Senate control requires 51 seats or 50 seats with control of the vice presidency.
  2. ^ a b All 4 independent senators (Bernie Sanders of Vermont, Angus King of Maine, Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona, and Joe Manchin of West Virginia) caucus with the Senate Democrats.[1][2]
  3. ^ The U.S. vice president, who will be determined in 2024, breaks ties in a 50–50 Senate. Republicans need 50 seats if they win the vice presidency or 51 if they do not.
  4. ^ Before the end of the 117th Congress, Kyrsten Sinema left the Democratic Party, and became an independent. She later announced her retirement in March 2024.[19] In May 2024, Joe Manchin also announced he had left the Democratic Party, and registered as an independent, citing "broken politics" as the deciding factor in his decision.[20]
  5. ^ a b c d Includes two interim appointees, Laphonza Butler (California) and George Helmy (New Jersey), who did not seek election to finish the term.
  6. ^ a b The Independent Democrat incumbent Senators, Kyrsten Sinema and Joe Manchin, decided not to run re-election.
  7. ^ a b Includes the interim appointee from Nebraska (Pete Ricketts) running for election.
  8. ^ The last elections for this group of senators were in 2018, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or death of a sitting senator, as noted.
  9. ^ a b Sinema was elected as a Democrat, and switched to being an independent in December 2022.
  10. ^ In both the regular election and the special election.
  11. ^ a b Democrat Dianne Feinstein won with 54.2% of the vote in 2018 against a fellow Democrat, but died in office on September 29, 2023.
  12. ^ Republican Ben Sasse won with 62.7% of the vote in 2020, but resigned January 8, 2023, to become president of the University of Florida.
  13. ^ a b Democrat Bob Menendez won with 54.0% of the vote in 2018, but resigned August 20, 2024, due to criminal convictions.[33]
  14. ^ a b Manchin was elected as a Democrat, and switched to being an independent in May 2024.
  15. ^ Democratic total includes Independents who caucus with the Democrats.
  16. ^ In October 2023, Butler was appointed by Governor Gavin Newsom to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator Dianne Feinstein.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ 2023 Congressional Record, Vol. 169, Page S22 (January 3, 2023)
  2. ^ Svitek, Patrick. "Manchin changes party registration to independent, fueling speculation". Washington Post. Retrieved June 1, 2024. Manchin joins three other members of the Senate who identify as independents: Senators Bernie Sanders (Vermont), Angus King (Maine) and Kyrsten Sinema (Arizona), who caucus with Democrats. A Manchin spokesperson said he will continue to caucus with the Democrats.
  3. ^ "Class I - Senators Whose Term of Service Expire in 2025". United States Senate. Retrieved August 30, 2024. Class I terms run from the beginning of the 116th Congress on January 3, 2019, to the end of the 118th Congress on January 3, 2025. Senators in Class I were elected to office in the November 2018 general election, unless they took their seat through appointment or special election.
  4. ^ Kaufman, Anna; Mulroy, Clare (March 7, 2024). "The 2024 Senate elections are fast approaching. These are the seats up for re-election". USA Today. Archived from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
  5. ^ "US midterm election: What you need to know – DW – 11/07/2022". dw.com. Archived from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
  6. ^ Kilgore, Ed (January 29, 2023). "2024 Looks Very Dark for Senate Democrats". Intelligencer. Archived from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
  7. ^ "United States Senate elections, 2024". Ballotpedia. Retrieved June 12, 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d Hakim-Shabazz, Abdul (September 22, 2022). "Braun to Run for Governor". Indy Politics. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved September 22, 2022.
  9. ^ a b c Barkin, Jeff (May 1, 2023). "Maryland U.S. Sen. Ben Cardin says 'I have run my last election,' as candidates line up to seek vacant seat". Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on May 1, 2023. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
  10. ^ a b c Newman, Meredith. "U.S. Sen. Tom Carper to retire from politics after nearly 50 years in office". Delaware Online. Archived from the original on May 22, 2023. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
  11. ^ a b c Balz, Dan (September 13, 2023). "Mitt Romney says he will not seek a second term in the Senate". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 13, 2023. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  12. ^ a b c d Breuninger, Kevin (November 9, 2023). "Democratic Sen. Joe Manchin says he is not running for re-election". CNBC. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2023.
  13. ^ a b c d e Burke, Melissa Nann (January 5, 2023). "Michigan's U.S. Sen. Stabenow won't seek reelection in 2024". Detroit News. Archived from the original on February 15, 2023. Retrieved January 5, 2023.
  14. ^ a b c Collins, Eliza (March 5, 2024). "Sen. Kyrsten Sinema Won't Run for Re-Election". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March 17, 2024. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  15. ^ a b c d e Hubler, Shawn (October 19, 2023). "Laphonza Butler will not run for Senate in 2024". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 19, 2023.
  16. ^ a b c Suter, Tara (August 16, 2024). "NJ governor appoints George Helmy to fill Menendez vacancy in Senate". The Hill. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  17. ^ a b Everett, Burgess; Levine, Marianne (October 5, 2022). "Sasse expected to resign from Senate". Politico. Archived from the original on October 7, 2022. Retrieved October 6, 2022.
  18. ^ Johnson, Ted (September 29, 2023). "Sen. Dianne Feinstein Dies: Groundbreaking California Democrat Was 90". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on September 29, 2023. Retrieved September 29, 2023.
  19. ^ Raju, Manu; Foran, Clare (March 5, 2024). "Kyrsten Sinema announces she is retiring from the Senate". CNN Politics. CNN. Archived from the original on March 5, 2024. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
  20. ^ Broadwater, Luke (May 31, 2024). "Manchin Becomes an Independent, Leaving Options Open for Another Run". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 30, 2024.
  21. ^ Everett, Burgess (October 5, 2022). "Senate Dems face brutal 2024 map with at least eight undecided incumbents". Politico. Archived from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  22. ^ "Georgia's Runoff is the Opening Battle of the 2024 Senate Cycle". Sabato's Crystal Ball. November 16, 2022. Archived from the original on November 16, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
  23. ^ Coleman, Miles (December 15, 2017). "2016 State PVI Changes – Decision Desk HQ". Decision Desk HQ. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  24. ^ "2024 Senate Race Ratings". The Cook Political Report. Archived from the original on November 30, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2023.
  25. ^ "Senate Ratings". Inside Elections. July 28, 2023. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2024.
  26. ^ "2024 Senate". Sabato's Crystal Ball. January 24, 2023. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  27. ^ "Battle for the Senate 2024". RCP. May 13, 2024. Retrieved October 31, 2024.
  28. ^ Cunningham, Eric (November 4, 2024). "2024 Elections Daily Senate Ratings: The Final Update". Elections Daily. Retrieved November 4, 2024.
  29. ^ "'24 Senate Forecast". projects.cnalysis.com. Retrieved November 4, 2024.
  30. ^ "2024 Senate Election Forecast". The Hill. Retrieved November 3, 2024.
  31. ^ Numa, Rémy (October 29, 2024). "Fox News Power Rankings: Arizona is Trump's to lose, but this election is anyone's to win". Fox News. Retrieved October 30, 2024.
  32. ^ "2024 Election Forecast". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved November 2, 2024.
  33. ^ Suter, Tara (August 16, 2024). "Menendez ends independent re-election campaign". New Jersey Globe. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  34. ^ a b c d "Certified List of Candidates". California Secretary of State. December 28, 2023. Archived from the original on December 27, 2023. Retrieved December 29, 2023.
  35. ^ a b c "Nebraska Statewide Candidate List". Nebraska Secretary of State. January 5, 2024. Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
  36. ^ a b c "2024 Primary Election". Arizona Secretary of State. April 24, 2024.
  37. ^ Flynn, Jim (May 14, 2024). "Corey plans to pursue primary against Smith for GOP Senate nomination". Republican-American. Retrieved June 24, 2024.
  38. ^ a b c d Everett, Burgess (October 5, 2022). "Senate Dems face brutal 2024 map with at least eight undecided incumbents". Politico. Archived from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  39. ^ Willow Evans, Jordan (December 13, 2023). "Colorado's Longmont Green Party to Host Virtual Forum for National Candidates". Independent Political Report. Archived from the original on December 17, 2023. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
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  41. ^ a b c d e "Candidate Tracking System". Florida Department of State Division of Elections. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  42. ^ a b c d e "2024 Candidate Report". Hawaii Office of Elections. February 1, 2024.
  43. ^ a b c "Candidate Information". Indiana Secretary of State. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  44. ^ a b "2024 Primary Candidate List". Department of the Secretary of State of Maine. Retrieved February 28, 2024.
  45. ^ Hirschkorn, Phil (December 1, 2022). "Maine Independent Senator Angus King intends to seek third term in U.S. Senate in 2024". wmtw.com. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved April 6, 2023.
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  47. ^ a b "2024 Candidates". June 4, 2024.
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  49. ^ a b "Candidate Filings". Minnesota Secretary of State. May 21, 2024.
  50. ^ a b "2024 Candidate Qualifying List". Mississippi Secretary of State. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved January 5, 2024.
  51. ^ a b c "UNOFFICIAL Candidate Filing List". Missouri Secretary of State. Archived from the original on February 27, 2024. Retrieved February 27, 2024.
  52. ^ Holleman, Joe (August 31, 2023). "Joplin businessman running as independent for US Senate in Missouri". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Archived from the original on September 2, 2023. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
  53. ^ a b c d "Federal Primary 2024". Montana Secretary of State. January 11, 2024. Archived from the original on January 12, 2024. Retrieved January 12, 2024.
  54. ^ Hammel, Paul (September 21, 2023). "Omaha steamfitter/union leader Dan Osborn to challenge incumbent U.S. Sen. Deb. Fischer". Nebraska Examiner. Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved September 21, 2023.
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  56. ^ a b "Unofficial List - Candidates for US Senate For Primary Election 06/04/2024 Election". New Jersey Department of Elections. Archived from the original on March 25, 2024. Retrieved March 19, 2024.
  57. ^ a b c d "Unofficial General Election Candidates: U.S. House of Representatives". New Jersey Secretary of State. May 6, 2024.
  58. ^ a b "2024 Primary Election Contest/Candidate List". New Mexico Secretary of State. Archived from the original on February 6, 2024. Retrieved February 6, 2024.
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